ShVED FERMASYNDA

Biz kemeline keltire almaghan, әlde alanghasarsyp jýrip ótkizip alghan sosializmning ózindik ýlgisin jasaghan elding «Hamra» dep atalatyn sýt fermasyna juyrda júmys barysymen at basyn tiregende, aldan ne qyzyq kýtip túrghanyn bilmedik.
Búrynnan biletinimiz: búl elde bilim - tegin. Densaulyq saqtau - tegin. Onyng birine eleng etpedik. Erterekte bizding de basymyzda onday baq qúsy túrghan-dy. Esesine salyq salmaqty. Biraq Stokgolimning sansyz sarayly, esepsiz eskertkishti, talay ghúlamanyn, tipti sonau Alifred Nobeliding izi qalghan kóshesine tanyrqamay, qaladan tysqary, sýri qary saqtalghan taudyng bókterinde, qalyng qaraghaydyng shetinde túrghan siyr qorasyna kirgende tanday qaqtyq.

ShVED FERMASYNDA

Biz kemeline keltire almaghan, әlde alanghasarsyp jýrip ótkizip alghan sosializmning ózindik ýlgisin jasaghan elding «Hamra» dep atalatyn sýt fermasyna juyrda júmys barysymen at basyn tiregende, aldan ne qyzyq kýtip túrghanyn bilmedik.
Búrynnan biletinimiz: búl elde bilim - tegin. Densaulyq saqtau - tegin. Onyng birine eleng etpedik. Erterekte bizding de basymyzda onday baq qúsy túrghan-dy. Esesine salyq salmaqty. Biraq Stokgolimning sansyz sarayly, esepsiz eskertkishti, talay ghúlamanyn, tipti sonau Alifred Nobeliding izi qalghan kóshesine tanyrqamay, qaladan tysqary, sýri qary saqtalghan taudyng bókterinde, qalyng qaraghaydyng shetinde túrghan siyr qorasyna kirgende tanday qaqtyq.

«Kirgende» dep jazyp qoyyp­pyz, anyghynda, siyr qoragha kirgizbegen! Ishinde ne baryn әi­nekti qabyrghanyng syrt jaghynan tama­shaladyq. Birneshe jyl búryn Bayqonyrda alys sapargha attanghaly jatqan gharyshkerlermen baspasóz mәslihaty ótkende, eki arany tura osynday әinek qabyrgha bólip túrghan bolatyn. Ol - týsinikti jaghday. Alty qat aspangha attanatyn gharyshkerlerge qara jerde qalatyn jurnalister «túmau-súmau júqtyrmasyn» degen saqtyqtan tughan shara edi. Al «Hamradaghy» siyrlardyng gharyshqa úshar týrleri kórinbeydi. Ras, búlardyng dalada jayylyp jýretin, qashagha baylanyp, qorada qamalyp túratyn basqa mýiizdesterinen ereksheligi bar. Ghylymy progress, yaghny «nou-hau» túrghysynan. Myna alpys siyrdy jalghyz robot sauady. Ár siyr tәuligine ýsh ret jelinin bosatyp alugha arnayy qondyrghygha, yaghny robotqa keledi. Eshkim qamshylap qualamay-aq, aiqaylap aidamay-aq! Tónkerilgen tayqazanday jelinderi әbden syzdaghandyqtan, sýti tamshylap kezekke túrady. Bayaghy Kenes zamanynda tang atpastan bastalatyn sýt alu kezegi degen bolatyn. Búl da sol siyaqty. Tek aiyrmasy - sýt beru kezegi. Sosyn onda - adam, múnda - mal. Bayqaghanymyz, múnda kiymelep, kiye-jaryp, qyzyl kuәlik kórsetip ótip ketpeydi eken.
Eger tanymaytyn, bilmeytin, týri men tili basqa bizder basa-kóktep qoragha kirsek, qamsyz tirliktegi mal alandap, sýti qashyp ketui mýmkin. Onyng sony «Hamra» fermasynyng bankrot boluyna soqtyruy ghajap emes. Tipti búl tehnologiyany úrlap, sosyn satyp jibersek she? Sondyqtan búl jerde suretke týsiruge, beynege jazugha rúqsat etilmeydi. Solay!
Sauyn roboty dep jýrgenderi - qozghal­maytyn kabina. Kirer, shyghar jerleri ashyq, ishine jalghyz siyr syyatyn qondyrghy. Aldymen, siyrdyng jelini juylady. Áldeqaydan tórt shýmek payda bolyp, odan syzdyqtap qana su atqylaghanyn kórdik. Sóitip, shayylghan tórt emshekke kelesi tórt shýmek shygha kelip, jyly aua ýrleydi. Demek, emshekterdi keptiredi. Aua ýrlegen shýmekter ornyna qaytqan song taghy bir tústan sauyn apparatynyng tórt oimaghy kóterilip, tórt emshekke kiygiziledi. Búl da adam qolymen emes, infraqyzyl sәule kómegimen jýzege asady. Sosyn sauyn bastaldy. Robot әr sauyn siyryn tanidy. Qúlaqtaghy chiypi arqyly. Tórt emshekting әrbirining shyghatyn sýt mólsheri kompiuterding jadynda. Sol mólsherge jetkende emshekti soru toqtalady. Birneshe ret baqylap túrdyq, siyrlardyng keybir emshegi sýt mólsherin alty litrden asyrdy. Eng tómeni - bes litrding manayy. Sonyng ózin tórt emshekke kóbeytseniz, jiyrma litrden asady. Bir saughanda! Al әr siyr tәuligine ýsh ret sauylugha keledi.
Sauyn ayaqtalghanmen, siyr asyqpaydy. Robot jәne tórt shýmek shygharyp, emshekterge may jaghady. Armansyz rahattanghan siyr robottan shyghyp, jem men shóp jeuge ketedi. Robot ishke kirgen kezekti siyrdy chip boyynsha anyqtap, managhy әreketting bәrin qaytadan bastaydy. Tәuligine tolassyz tura 180 ret osylay. Ay boyy, aiynyz ne, jyl boyy osylay.
Jer betindegi armansyz siyrlar ómirin biraz uaqyt baqyladyq. Astaudan shyghatyn móldir su, jalaghan sayyn jaltyraghan túz, jiyi-jii tógiletin toghyz týrli qospa jem, tóbeden týsetin jeti týrli nәrli shópting bumasy, jayymen jyljyp, siyrdyng ayaghyn aitasyz, tipti qúiryghy tiyse toqtay qalatyn tezek jinaghysh - bәri-bәri bar. Onyng bәrin aitpaghanda, myna әinek qabyrghaly qoranyng ishinde búryn bizding eng ónertapqysh institut ghalymdary men eng ozat sharuashylyq basshylarynyng oiyna kelmegen bir zat bar. Álgi sauyn robotynday ghajayyp tehnika emes, tym qarapayym nәrse. Kәdimgi sýikengishter. Biri týzu. Tura siyrdyng arqasyna dәl keledi. Ekinshisi qighash. Býiirin qasu ýshin. Tireulerge ornatylghan sýikengishterding úzynshaq kirpi bastary mal qasynghan sayyn ersili-qarsyly ainalady. Sony kórgende ýidin, qoranyng ne jiylghan qidyng búryshyna sýikengen siyrdy aiqaydyng astyna alyp, shybyqpen úrghylap aidap tas­taytyn aghayynnyng tirligi eske týsti. Al shvedter siyr ýshin arnayy sýikengishter jasapty. Sonyng arqasynda «Hamra» fermasyndaghy alpys siyrdyng әrbiri tәuligine alpys litrden astam sýt beredi. Kýnige estiytini «aram qatqyr» men «qarasan kelgir» bolatyn bizding alty siyr jabylyp búghan jetkizse, tәube. Myna alpys litr shóp pen jemnin, súryptau men irikteuding ghana emes, arqa sipaghyshtyng da arqasy ekeni talassyz. «Siyr sipaghandy bilmeydi, jaman syilaghandy bilmeydi» degen qazaqtyng sózi bala kezden qúlaqta jýretin. Atalarymyz, sirә, jamandardyng sybaghasyn berudi kózdegen de, siyr qosaq arasynda «kýiip ketken» siyaqty.

QAZAQ AUYLYNDA

Bala kezde qúlaqqa qúiylghannan basqa kózben kórgen talay jayt bar. Naq siyrgha qatysty.
Jiyrmasynshy ghasyrdyng alpysynshy jyldary bizding auyldyng siyry, túqymyn aitpaghanda, sayasy túraghy jaghynan ekige bólinetin. Sovhozdyn, yaghny memleketting siyry jәne jekeshening siyry. Memleketting siyryn arnayy baghatyn ferma boldy. Álbette, «Hamra» siyaqty ertegidey emes. Qaradýrsin, býkil eldegiden sәl qalynqy jaghday. Baqtashy, shópshi, búzau kýtushi, sauynshy, kýzetshi, sýt tasushy degendey ondaghan týrli júmysshylary bar edi. Esepshi, sanaqshy, mal dәrigeri men zoo­tehnik degendey mamandary taghy bar. Ferma bastyghyn, ony tasushy shoferdi qosqanda bir qauym júrt. Memlekettin, anyghynda, onyng siyrynyng esebinen tútas auyl kýn kóretin.
Al jekeshening siyryn baghu - memleket enbekshisi esebinen shyghyp qalghan shaldar men oghan әli kirgizilmegen balalardyng sharuasy. Balalardiki - jazdyng ýsh aiyna ermek ýshin. Sol ýsh aidy siyr baghugha arnadyq degenmen, onyng bar qyzyghy - ózenge shomylu, balyq aulau, kitap oqu, kórgen kinony aitu. Al siyrlar bizsiz-aq tanghy sauynnan keyin tizilip óriske shyghatyn. Qalyng shalghyngha kómile jayylatyn. Qanyp suyn ishetin. Qonyzgha jyldyq azyqqa jaraytynday etip tezegin tastaytyn. Kýn qyza bәri qúiryqtaryn joghary shanshyp, jappay oqyralap ketetin. Oqyra - sonanyng mal terisine «tyqqan qúrty», yaghny bolashaq sona teri kýnge qyzghanda jybyrlaydy. Ol kezde bala-shagha men shal-shauqan ne, obkomnyng sekretary alda túrsa da siyr toqtamas edi. Toghaydyng әlde qoranyng kólenkesine tyghylyp jany qalady. Áytpese, shabuylgha shyqqan Guderiannyng tankisinen kem emes ekpinmen auylgha tartady. Bara qorshaudy qiratady, baqshany taptaydy, oshaqty qúlatady, óreni audarady. Eng bastysy, sol alasapyran kezinde búzauy qasynan tabyla qoyady. Siyr baghudyng bar mәnisi sonda - oqyralaghanda auyl jaqqa jibermeu. Sosyn búzauyn jamyratpau. Ystyq qayta mal taghy jaybaraqat jayylady. Keshkisin qaryndary qampighan, jelinderi syzdaghan siyrlar eshkim aidamastan auylgha tartady. Óz soqpaqtary bolady. Asha túyaqtar kóldeneng tastyng bәrin birtindep shetke yghystyryp tastaghan әlgi soqpaqtar sonday tegis. Siyr joqta balalar ýshin tegin velotrek. Auylgha qaytatyn maldyng jýru reti bar. Eng myqtysy aldynda. Ol toqtasa, arttaghy býkil tizbek qantarylady. Birin-biri soqpaqta basyp ozyp, ainalyp algha týse almaydy. Tabyn tәrtibi tym qatty. Eger ortagha janadan siyr kelse, әrqaysysy jasqap, jayqap kóredi. Sóitip, onyng tabyndaghy orny anyqtalady. Qashan soyylyp ne satylyp ketkenshe reti búzylmaydy.
Kesh týse sheshelerimiz sauyp, qalghanyn búzaulary qaqtap bergen son, siyr bitken qora syrtyn jaghalay jatatyn. Momaqan. Beybit. Qamsyz. Tatu. Jay jatpaydy, kýisep jatady. Kýni boyy tilimen orap, silekeyimen shylap, qaryngha jóneltken shópti qayta shaynau bastalady. Qazaqtyng teneu sózi osydan tughan. Myjyp sóilep ketkendi «kýisegen siyr siyaqty» deydi.
Siyr - tórt týlikting biri retinde qazaq ómirine zor ýles qosty. Sýtin pisirip ishtik. Betine týsetin qaymaqqa, týbinde qalatyn qaspaqqa talastyq. Sol talasty toqtatu ýshin «qaspaqty kóp jeseng - toyynda jauyn jauady» degen sóz shyqqan. Analarymyz shiyki sýtti sýzip, tartyp, kilegey alatyn. Kilegeydi jinap, may shayqaytyn. Pisken, әli suy qoymaghan sýtten airan úiytatyn. Ayran ishpegen kýni ózimizdi ash jýrgendey sezinetinbiz.
Ayrangha túz salyp, dorbagha qúiyp, baqangha ilip qoysa, birer kýnde qatyq payda bolady. Ony kójege qosyp ishetin bolghan. Sauyngha mal súraghandardan «Kójege qatyq qylayyq» degen sóz qalghan. Bala kezimizde auyldyng ýlkenderi qara óleng aitysady. Aytys sonyna qaray aitylatyn bir shumaq sanada jattalyp qalypty. Jalpy, bala kezimizde jadymyz estigendi sol sәtte jazyp alatyn magnitofon ispetti edi. Qalay, qay kezde búzylghanyn endi ózimiz bilmeymiz, tek sezemiz. Álgi óleng mynaday:
Auylymdy súrasang - siyrly bay,
Túrady sary qatyq ýiirilip-ay!
Jetti endi, jene almasqa kózing senin,
Múrynyndy kótermeshi shýiirip-ay.
Siyr men onyng qatyghy bastapqy eki tarmaqtyng ajaryn ashsa, songhy tórtinshi tarmaqtan qarsylastyng beynesin tikeley aitpasa da búqagha teneu angharylady. Qayran qazaqtyng qyryq qyrtysty sózi, sonyng astaryn týsinetin qúlaq qalsa qazir!
Hosh, óz siyr-soqpaghymyzgha týseyik. Sәl ashyghan airangha bastaudyng múzday suyq suyn qossa, shalap shyghady. Shópshilerding sýiikti susyny.
Ishuden artyq sýtti bóshkege jinay berse, irkit bolady. «It basyna irkit tógildi» dep babalarymyz molshylyqty beynelegen. Bóshke tolghan kýni analarymyz ony ýlken qazangha qotarady. Astyna siyrdyng kepken tezekterin qalap qaynatady. «Aghay ýide otyrady, qúrt qaynatyp, may shayqap» degen әzil óleng oigha oraldy. Ospanhannan qalghan múra edi! Qaynaghan qúrttyng kóbigin jalau - bala kezding bir qyzyghy. «Ystyq qúrtqa týsip ketesinder» dep sheshelerimiz quyp әlek. Sosyn qaynaghan irkitke túz salyp, enis etip tóselgen taqtaydaghy qapqa qúyady. Ýstin jalpaq taspen bastyrady. Qaynaghan irkitting sarsuy aghyp, birer kýnde sýzbe shyghady. Sheshelerimiz sýzbeni qabymen kóterip, órege әkeledi. Endi qolmen syghymdap kýlshe jasaydy. Kýlshe kepkenshe oghan bala da, qús ta әues. Qústy qaydam, balalardy «óreden qúrt úrlasang - jauyn jauady» dep toqtatady.
Siyrdyng mayy qaryngha jinalsa, qúrty qapqa salynady. Búdan bólek irimshik bar. Qyp-qyzyl irimshik qazir týsimizge kiredi, al tisimizge tiymeydi. Sheshemizben birge qaytpasqa ketken qayran óner!
Qazaqtan bes jýz jyl búryn ghana aiy­rylghan noghay arasyna barghanda, qúrt-irim­shikten basqa «pyslaq» degen tamaqty kórdik. Onysy - oryssha aitqanda, syr. Qazaq jasay qoymaghan, noghay bizden aiyrylyp Kap tauy­nyng bókterine barghanda, sondaghy halyqtar­dan ýirengeni haq. Aytpaqshy, noghaylar «siyr» dep úrghashysyn ghana aitady. Boydaq maldyng aty bizdegidey: búqa nemese ógiz. Al jal­­py Zengibaba týligi noghaysha - «qaratuar». Bizding orystan tikeley audaryp alghan «mýiizdi iri qa­ramyzgha» qaraghanda anaghúrlym qúlaqqa ja­tyq. Eskerer bireu tabylsa. Búl da - jol-jó­nekey oidyng biri.
Jogharydaghynyng bәrin eskere kelgende, siyr - qazaqtyng asyraushysy. Ásirese, auylgha eng auyr bolghan Úly Otan soghysy kezinde arttaghy eldi aman saqtady. Bizge nanbasanyz, sol jyldary bala bolghan aqyn Saghy Jiyenbaev­ty oqyp kóriniz. Sýt turaly balladasy bar. Úmytpasaq, bylay bastalatyn:
Kóshti talay kók aspannyng búlttary,
Kepti júrttyng kózindegi shyqtary.
Tórt jyl boyy asyraghan biraq ta,
Tandayymnan keter emes sýt dәmi.
Ballada bala men búzaudyn, ana men siyrdyng ýshinshi iyindige ishtey talasy turaly. Qyzyqsa, oqyrmandar ózderi tauyp oqyr.
Ata-babamyz siyrdan sýt sauumen shektelse, kәne. Kýsh-kólik retinde paydalanghan. Álbette, búqany emes, ógizdi. Birinshisining atqa­ratyn mindeti belgili. Jogha, mindet demeyik, anyghy, auyl aralap, tabighattyn, Tәnirding ózi tartu etken qyzyqty kóru. Qazaqtyng «Baqsyny bayym bar deme, búqany malym bar deme» deytin maqaly dәl aitylghan. Kólik retinde kóktemde soqagha, jazda arbagha, qysta shanagha jegilu - búqanyng emes, ógizding peshenesine jazylghan. Ógiz - qazaq arasynda kýshting simvoly. Bala kezimizde anda-múnda jer titiregende, әjemiz «jerdi kók ógiz kóterip túrady, sol bir mýiizinen ekinshisine auystyrghanda jer qozghalady» deytin. «Ózim degende ógiz qara kýshim bar» degendi de atalarymyz aitypty. Saghy Jiyenbaev soghys jyldary ózderin siyrdyng sýti saqtap qalghanyn jyrlasa, sol súrapyl uaqytta býkil auyldyng kýsh-kóligi ógiz bolghanyn Qalihan Ysqaqov tútas romangha ózek etken. «Túiyq». Qanshama jyl búryn, jas kezimizde oqyghanbyz. Kórgen kinomyzdan beter әr sәti kóz aldymyzda sayrap túr. Beride «súghanaq bireu sonday atpen kitap shygharypty» desedi, «ógizdi úrlaytyn búl qazaq kitaptyng atyn úrlaytyn bolypty-au» dedik te qoydyq. Ógizding ejelden kólik ekenin dәleldeu ýshin taghy qazaqtyng qara ólenine jýgineyik. Ony jalyqpay jinastyrghan Orazaqyn Asqar degen aqyn aghamyz bar. Sovet zamanynda búqanyng moynyna deyin ilinetin medali men kóp sýt sauylghan siyrgha beriletin ataqtyng biri búiyrmaghan qalamger - osy kisi. Beridegi bizding biylik jәne atyn әspettey qoymasa kerek. Sol kisi tógildirtip jazatyn óz ólenderimen qatar, shashylyp qalghan Múqaghalidy múqiyat jinap berdi. Ol az bolghanday, qazaqtyng qara ólenin týgendep, qayta bastyrdy. 1997 jyly «Jalyn» baspasynan shyqqan «Qara ólen» kitabynyng ishindegi 3553-inshi retti (barlyghy - 4408!) ólenge qúlaq týriniz:
Ardaqtaymyn, maqtaymyn siyrymdy,
Ishse - susyn, airany ýiirimdi.
Qaymaq, mayy - sary altyn, artsa - kólik,
Semdirmeymin, januar, býiirindi.
Qayran qara óleng siyrdyng jýk artar kólik bolghanyn aighaqtap túr. Ekinshi tarmaqty túiyqtaytyn «ýiirimdi» degen sóz tyndaushyny qalay ýiirip túr! Qazirgi aqyndarday úiqas ýshin alyna salmaghan. Úiqas retinde enbegi óz aldyna, baltalasang búzylmaydy. Al qoldanu taghylymy eresen. Biz eng sheshen sóilegende «til ýiiredi» dep jatamyz. «Ayrany ýiirimdi» deu - qazaq sózin qalay paydalanu kerektigin kórsetip túrghan joq pa, shirkin!
Taghy qay tarapqa tartyp kettik, ózi? Sonymen - siyr. Qazaq, eng bastysy, soyyp etin jegen. Soyylghan maldyng qimayyn audarudan bastap qanshama ónerding sheshelermen birge kelmeske ketkeni anyq-au. Etinen basqa terisi bar. Kóshpeli túrmysqa óte kerek shiykizat. Odan bylghary óndeledi. Kiyim, qaru, qamshy, er-toqym, etik, qyl-ayaghy taramysqa deyin bylgharydan. Maldyng ýlken-kishisine qaray terisining óz aty bar edi. Búqar jyrau babamyz elining aibynyn asyru jolynda:
Men - ógiz terisi talyspyn,
Sen - búzau terisi shónshiksin, - demey me! Pay-pay, aitqan-aq!
Endigi paydasy - tezegi. Kóshpeli halyqtar­dyng otyny. Tezek teru - kәdimgidey júmys bolghan. Negizinen, auyldaghy kelin, qyzdardyng tirligi. Úzatylatyn qyzdar aitatyn әnning biri:
Esikting aldy shiyli ózek,
Órley bir terdim qu tezek.
Úzatqan qyzgha kýlushi ek,
Basyma keldi bir kezek, - dep synsityn. Tezek - siyrdyng kýn men jelge keuip qalghan japasy. Qoy men eshkining tym úsaq, jylqy men týiening týiir-týiir qúmalaghy jinaugha jaramaydy. Qoy-eshkini qysta qoragha qamaghanda ghana qy shyghady. Kýn suytqandaghy otynnyng tóresi. Al siyrdyng daladaghy tezegi jazdygýni jaghugha jarap túr. Ony teruding ózindik qyzyghy men shyjyghy jetkilikti.
Aqyn Ótejan Núrghaliyevting «Soghystyng songhy jazy» atty jyr kitaby bar. Úmytpasaq, ýsh kitaptan túrady. Sonda bir óleng bylay bas­talatyn:
Búlt astyna agharandap Ay batsa,
Ýiding ishi kýndegiden jay jatsa.
Alty jasar Bayserkesin jetelep,
Tezek terip oralatyn Balghatsha.
Balghatshanyng tezek terip jýrip qanday jaghdaygha tap bolatynyn bilu ýshin Ótejandy da oqu kerek. Al kómir qazylmaytyn, gaz tartylmaytyn zamanda kóshpeli halyq quatty, yaghny jylu men jaryqty maldyng kepken tezegi men quraghan aghashtan alatyn. Onyng aty - shómshek, keybir jerde shópshek deydi.
Qyz da bardy shómshekke,
Men de bardym shómshekke, - dep keletin auyl balalarynyng taqpaghy bolatyn. Ar jaghyn jazbayyq. Biraq nemerelerge ýiretip ketpey taghy bolmaydy. Ol da - halyqtyng múrasy. Taghy bir qiysqa tartyp kettik pe?! Sonymen mal tezegi - qorshaghan ortagha eng zalalsyz energetika kózi retinde keyingi zamanda qaytadan mamandar nazaryn audaryp otyr.
Qorshaghan ortagha zalal keltirmeu turaly әngimege oiysyppyz. Osy orayda siyrgha qatysty bir dau bar. Ýlken әri bitpey jatqan dau. Mine, qanshama jyldar boldy, Zengibaba týligi ghalamdyq jylynu qúbylysyna sebep­kerding biri sanalady. «Siyrdan shyghatyn metan gazy Jerdi túmshalanu, ghylymy terminmen «parniyk» әserine úryndyryp jatyr» desedi.

AMERIKA PRERIYaSYNDA

Asha túyaqty­lardyng asqazannan gaz bóluine qatysty búl әngimeni Amerika Qúrama Shtattarynda estigenbiz.
Kezinde ýndister mekendegen jer. «On toghyzynshy ghasyr ortasynda osy ónirge biyik etip bizonnyng basyn ýigen» degen derek bar. Múrajaylarda fotosureti bar. Tau bolyp ýiilgen mýiizdi bastardyng ýstine shyghyp túrghan bir myrza, eteginde qúmyrsqaday ghana bolyp qalghan ekinshi myrza. Kezinde Aqsaq Temir qarsylastaryn ýrkitu ýshin Shu boyynda adam basyna múnara soqqany turaly Múhtar Maghauinning әngimesi bar. Osy jazushynyng «Shaqan Sheri» romanynda anshynyng Ilening eski arnasynda adam basynan ýiilgen tóbege bayqamay shyghyp ketkeni suretteledi. Al mynau - bizonnyng basy. Qazir ýstinen әue sharlary qalqy úshyp jýrgen kóz jetpes jazyqta bes jýz jyl búryn milliondap bizon órgenine nanbaysyn. «Olardy qyrghany dúrys, әitpese, parnik әseri qazirgiden kóp bolar edi» degen uәjdi sol De Moyn qalasynyng irgesindegi bizonnyng emes, Áue sharlarynyng múrajayynda estigenbiz.
Bizon - siyrdyng jaqyn tuysy. Europada zubr, Amerikada bizon, Aziyada sarlyq, yaghny qodas, Afrikada buyvol - asha túyaqty, aiyr mýiizdi januarlardyng irileri әr qúrlyqty, aitpaqshy, Avstraliyadan basqasyn, yqylym zamannan beri mekendegen. Ghalymdar «bizon Amerikagha búdan 500 myng jyl búryn Aziyadan barghan» deydi. Olardy qughan anshylar da jana aimaqqa tap bolsa kerek. Ýndisterding arghy tamyry Aziyada jatqany ghylymgha janalyq emes. Ang men anshy aman ótken tar qyltany keyin su basyp qalghan, jaghyrapiyada búl tústy «Bering búghazy» deydi.
Soltýstik Amerika janadan barghan hayuan­dar ýshin tym qolayly meken bolypty. Qysta qalyng qar basatyn taulardan kóktem tua myndaghan jylgha aghyp shyghyp, jýzdegen ózenderge qosylady. Olar ondaghan kólderge qúiylady. Sol túnyq sudyng boyyna nu bolyp qalyng qúraq shyghady.
Bizonnyng qolgha qaraghan siyrdan ar­tyqshylyghy bar, qysta qalyng qardy tarpyp arshidy. Sosyn oghan basyn tyghyp ainaldyrady kelip. Aqyr ayaghynda qalghanyn ystyq demmen eritip, tilin shópke deyin jetkizedi. IYt-qúsqa búzauyn da alghyzbaydy. Tek kәrisi men aqsaq-toqsaghy týz taghysyna azyq bolady. Ol endi tabighy retteu.
Europadan alghashqy jaulaushylar barghan uaqytta Soltýstik Amerikada 60 millionnan astam bizon órip jýrgen. Keshegi kemeldengen sosializm zamanynda úly kósem Brejnevting núsqauymen Qazaqstanda qoy basyn 50 milliongha jetkizbek bolghanbyz. Qansha tyrashtanghanmen, 30 million shamasynda toqtaghanbyz. Sonyng ózi qisapsyz kóp, dalany tozdyryp jibergen. Bizonnyng ortasha salmaghy - 1500 keli, al eng myqty degen qoydyng salmaghy - 50 keli. Bizdegi qoydan otyz ese iri, eki ese kóp bizon byjynaghan úshy-qiyrsyz alqapty kózge elestetiniz. Jaulaushylar bastapqyda tanghalady. Ermekke eptep atyp, etin azyq etedi. Odan egisti qorghaymyz dep óltiredi. Myn-myny endi salynghan temirjoldaghy parovozgha soghylyp qasap bolady. Tipti jýrip kele jatqan poyyzdyng terezesinen bizon atqyzatyn kompaniyalar qúrylady. Tek bizonnyng tilinen tagham úsynatyn restorandar payda bolady. Bala kezde tamsanyp oqyghan kitabymyzdyng biri Tomas Mayn Ridting «Bassyz salt atty» romany edi. Biz oqyghannan tura bir ghasyr búryn 1866 jyly jazylsa kerek. Sonda iz kesushi shal tógilgen qandy sipattaghanda «tap bir bizon bauyzdaghanday» deytin. Búl januar turaly alghashqy deregimiz osy bolghan.
Ermekke atu men etke soyghannan bizondar azaysa da, mýlde qúryp ketpeydi. Olardyng týbine sharuashylyq emes, sayasattyng jetkeni haq! Soltýstik Amerikagha tabany tiygen jat jerlik basqynshylar men jergilikti ýndis taypalary arasynda bitispes soghys ýstinde bizonnyng taghdyry mәngige sheshilgen.
Ýndister ýshin bizon - kýnkóris kózi. Áriyne, dalanyng any qoradaghy mal emes. Aylany asyryp, atyp alu kerek. Ýndisterde myltyq bolmaghan. Eng myqty qaruy - sadaq. Al bizondar óte sezimtal keledi. Qauip-qaterding iyisin kemi eki shaqyrym jerden sezedi. Sudy tipti jeti shaqyrymnan iyiskep biledi eken. Qauipten ýrikkende ebedeysiz denesine qaramastan qúiryghyn shanshyp alyp, saghatyna 50 sha­qyrymdyq jyldamdyqpen qashady.
Sonshalyq saq, jýrisi jyldam, manday sýiegi qúryshtay berik, terisi jerding tonynday qalyng taghyny aulau onay ma? Bәribir Amerikanyng soltýstik bóligindegi kóne taypalar bizonnyng etin jep ómir sýrgen. Sonyng terisi jabylghan kýrkelerdi mekendegen. Óndel­gen teriden kiyim tikken. Attaryna bizon­nyng sýieginen shabylghan er-toqym erttep, qoldaryna sol sýiekten úshtalghan qarulardy ústaghan. Áukesining qylynan arqan esken. Túyaghyn qaynatyp, jabysqaq jelim jasaghan. Tipti qan tamyrlaryn kespey, suyrtpaqtap shygharyp alatyn. Ol tamyrdy kólenkede keptiredi. Ysady, yzady, esedi. Sóitip, sadaqtyng adyrnasyna salghan. Tura osy jerde qazaqtyng Mahambeti oigha oralady:
«Adyrnasyn ala ógizdey móniretken,
Atqan oghy Edil-Jayyq teng ótken», - depti qayran aqyn dosy Isatay batyrdy joqtaghanda. Múhit asyp ketken bauyrlar ala ógizding tamyrynan adyrna jasaytynyn sezgendey-au, shirkin!
Mahambetti jyly jauyp, әlgi tizimdi soza týssek, bizonnyng tezegi - otyn. Ol jaqtyng da Balghatshalary bizdegidey erteli-kesh qap kóterip, tezek teretin. Aqyr ayaghynda bizonnyng qúiryghy ghana qalmaq. Ony ýndis shaldary shybyn qaqqysh etipti. Aytynyzshy, bizding auyldaghy kórinisten qanshalyqty aiyrmasy bar?
Aq nәsildi jaulaushylar aqyldasa kelgende, «ýndisterdi búl qúrlyqtan ada qylu ýshin aldymen bizondardy qyru kerek» dep sheshedi. Sheridan degen shekten shyqqan sodyr general «bizondy atqan әrbir anshygha ashtan ólip bara jatqan ýndisting beynesi bar medali beru kerek» dep kókigen. Keyin osyghan úqsas jayt ýndiske tuys qazaq dalasynan kórinis tappaq. Milliondaghan maldy Goloshekin jinatyp alyp, qyryp salghan son, qazaqtar da jappay ashtyqqa úshyraghan. Sonda sholaq belsendiler orden-medali alghan. Ras, Sheridannan bir aiyrmashylyghy - onda ashtan ólip bara jatqan qazaqtyng emes, kýn kósemder Lenin men Stalinning bastary bederlengen.
Bizondy qasaqana qyru jarty ghasyrgha sozyldy. Jylyna eki jarym millionnan astam jazyqsyz januar oqqa úshty. Tarihta taghy bir qatygezding aty túr - Viliyam Kodi, laqap aty - Baffalo-Bill. Ol bir jarym jylda 4280 bizon atqan. Momaqan januardyng qarghysy jibermese kerek, ómiri ókinishpen ayaqtalypty. Sonymen býkil Soltýstik Amerikada qandy qasap toqtausyz jalghasty. Bizonnyng tau bolyp ýiilgen sýiekterinen tynaytqysh shygharu jolgha qoyyldy. Keshikpey odan qara boyau jasaytyn óndiris bastaldy. Aqyry, jaulaushylardyng degeni bolyp, bizon bitti. 1886 jyldan 1887 jylgha qaraghan qysta Soltýstik Amerika ýn­disterin asharshylyq jaylady. Olar oqtan emes, ashtyqtan myn-myndap qyryldy. Qaytip jaulaushylargha qarsy bas kótermestey kýige týsti.
Al bizon she? 1889 jyly bayaghy 60 million taghy hayuannan 835 bas qalypty. Onyng 200-i sol kezding ózinde «Últtyq park» dep jariyalanghan Yellouston shatqalynda bas saughalaghan. Osyny qorghashtap jýrip, býkil Amerika Qúrama Shtattary men Kanada bolyp jiyrma birinshi ghasyrda qyryq myngha jetkizgenin maqtanysh etedi.
Endi «Soltýstik Amerikada bayaghy 60 million bizon órip jýrgende odan shyqqan metan Jerdi jylytyp, múzdyqtardy eritip, mәngi tondardy jibitip, endigi topan su basar edi» degen pikirdi estip otyrmyz. Kýlermiz be, jylarmyz ba?
Kezinde ýndister qarsylyghyn basu ýshin bizondy qúrtqan. Endi metandy azaytu ýshin siyrdy qúrtyp jýrmesin deniz.

Qaynar OLJAY, Shvesiya - Resey Federasiyasy -
AQSh - Qazaqstan

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