ÓZGE DIASPORALAR QAZAQSTANGhA QALAY DEPORTASIYaLANDY?
Kenes Odaghyndaghy totalitarlyq jýiedegi jappay qughyn-sýrgin kezenindegi negizsiz jazalau sharalary tek jekelegen adamdargha, din iyelerine, әr týrli әleumettik toptardyng ókilderine ghana emes, sonday-aq újymdyq jauapkershilik ústanymy boyynsha jekelegen halyqtargha da qarsy qoldanyldy.
Totalitarlyq jýie jeke halyqtardy sayasy qughyndaudyng deportasiyalau, yaghny kýshtep jer audaru әdisin qoldandy. Jer audarylghan halyqtar repressiya zardaptarynyng barlyq týrin bastan keshirdi. Ol jóninde 1993 jyly 14 sәuirde qabyldanghan Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng «Jappay sayasy qughyn-sýrgin qúrbandaryn aqtau turaly» zanynda kórsetildi. Jekelegen halyqtargha memleket tarapynan әrtýrli qysymdar qoldanyldy: kýshtep qonys audaru; arnayy qonystargha ornalastyru; kýshtep júmys istetu arqyly qúqyqtaryn shekteu; últtyq erekshelikteri jaghynan memleketke óte qauipti, senimsiz halyqtar dep tanu.
Búl jerde myna derekten dәlel keltirsek, qaralyp otyrghan mәsele әldeqayda týsinikti bolary sózsiz. Audandyq IIHK bastyghy jetkizgen habarlamasynda: «Kenes Odaghynyng fashistik Germaniyamen soghysyna baylanysty әr týrli elementter kenes ókimetine qarsy arandatushylyq qaueset taratyp jýr. Audan boyynsha kenes ókimetine qarsy pighyldaghy elementter: búrynghy bandy kóterilisine qatysushylardan 93 adam, 936 kәris jәne nemis», - dep atap kórsetilgen.
Mysaly, KSRO-nyng HKK men BKP(b) OAK-nyng 1937 jylghy 21 tamyzdaghy qaulysynda Qiyr Shyghys kәristerining qonystaryn audaru «ólkege japon tynshylaryn ótkizbeu maqsatynda» jýrgizilgenin aitady. Qiyr Shyghysta túratyn kәrister týr-týsi men kólbeti jaghynan úqsastyghyna baylanysty «japon tynshylary» degen jeleumen jer audarylyp, senimsiz halyq dep tanyldy. 1941 jylghy 28 tamyzdaghy KSRO Joghary Kenesi tóralqasynyng «Edil boyynda túratyn nemisterding qonystaryn audaru» turaly jarlyqta: «Myndaghan lankester men tynshylar bar, olar Germaniyadan keletin habar boyynsha jarylystar úiymdastyrudy kózdeydi», yaghny KSRO-gha qarsy baghyttalghan әreket jasauda dep kersetilgen.
KSRO-daghy jappay qughyn-sýrgin jyldarynda 3 mln astam adam jer audaryldy. «Senimsiz halyqtar» qonystanghan arnayy audandar - soltýstik oblystar, Sibir, Oral, Orta Aziya jәne Qazaq jeri boldy. Búl halyqtardyng eng kóp bóligi Qazaq jeri men Sibirge qonystandyryldy. Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng Preziydenti N.Á. Nazarbaev Qazaqstan halyqtary assambleyasynyng IV sessiyasynda jasaghan bayandamasynda jer audarylghandardyng sanynyng 1 million 200 myng ekendigi turaly derek keltirdi.
Qazaq jerine nemisterding 38%-y, sheshen men ingushtardyng 83%-y, kәristórding 59%-y, balqarlardyng 55%-y, qarashaylardyng 58%-y, grekterding 76%-y, kurdtardyng 62%-y kýshpen qonys audaryldy. Qonystanushylar is jýzinde Qazaqstannyng barlyq oblystaryna ornalastyryldy jәne IIHK-ning mynaday núsqaularyn oryndady: «qúpiya tapsyrmalar boyynsha shet memleketting agentterimen baylanys jasamau ýshin «senimsiz halyqtardy» shegaralyq aimaqtargha ornalastyrmau»; «qashyp ketpes ýshin temirjoldardan alys jerlerge ornalastyru»; «baqylaugha ynghayly bolu ýshin toptarymen ornalastyru». Sonymen birge olar әrdayym komendaturagha baryp, belgilenip túruy tiyis boldy.
Kýshtep qonystandyrudyng zardaby ólsheusiz edi, ony basynan ótkizgender eshqashan úmytpaydy. Búryn ómir sýrgen jerlerinde olar barlyq dýniye-mýlkin tastaugha mәjbýr boldy. Jýzdegen myng «senimsiz halyqtardy», onyng ishinde qarttar, әielder men balalardy mal tasityn nemese tauar tasityn vagondarmen әkeldi. Eger jauapty adamdargha bolmashy ghana narazylyq bildirgen jaghdayda, sol jerde, tipti poyyz jýrip kele jatyp nemese ayaldaghan jerde, jazalaytyn bolghan. Qazaqstanda qonystanushylar klubtargha, bos qalghan meshitterge, at qoralargha, shoshqa qoralargha, qoymalargha ornalastyrylyp, múnday oryndar da jetpey qalghandary ashyq aspan astynda ózderine jertóleler qazyp aldy. Qonystanushylar arasynda epiydemiyalyq júqpaly aurular - ish aurulary, qyzylsha, diyzenteriya keng tarap, oba jәne tyrysqaq aurulary, bit basu kýsheyip ketti.
Klimattyng kýrt auysuy, óte auyr túrmys jaghdayy, nashar tamaqtanu, antisanitarlyq jaghdayda ómir sýru qonys audarushylar arasyndaghy ólimdi kebeytip jiberdi. Búl jqninde IIHK-nyng qyzmetkerlerining qúpiya mәlimetterinde: «Múnday jaghdaygha jetkizuge bolmaydy, búl - qylmys», - dep jazghan, Múnday jaghdaydy jylqylar da kótere almaghan, sol sebepti IIHK qyzmetkerleri júmys isteu ýshin әldeqayda tózimdi ógizderdi jiberulerin súraghan. Deportasiyalyq sayasattyng qatal jaghdayynda Qazaq jerine eshbir dýniye-mýliksiz kóship kelgen halyqtardyng jan saqtauy tek qazaq halqynyng tuysqandyq kómegining arqasynda ghana mýmkin boldy, Qazaq halqy ashtyq nәubeti men sayasy qughyn-sýrgin qasiretin basynan ótkerse de, basyn qauip-qaterge tige otyryp, qolyndaghy songhy nanymen bólisip, taghdyr tәlkegine týsken halyqtargha eng qiyn sәtterde qol úshyn berip, bagha jetpes kómek kórsetti.
Zorlyqpen keshirilgen halyqtar qily zamanda Qazaq ólkesinen pana tauyp qana qoyghan joq, bastarynan qiynshylyqtardy bastan ótkize otyryp, ózderi jәne úrpaqtary ýshin ekinshi Otanyn tapty. Olar ózderining últtyq erekshelikterin saqtap qaldy, kópúltty Qazaq ólkesinen ózine layyqty oryn tapty.
[1] QR Preziydentining mýraghaty, 708-qor, 5\2 jazba, 187-is, 28 p., 28-6.
