Rýstem Syzdyqov. Uahhabshyldyq qozghalysqa memlekettik túrghyda qatang tyiym salynuy tiyis!
Qazaq halqy qanshama aumaly-tókpeli zamandardy, nebir nәubetterge dushar etken bodandyq hәm ateistik kezenderdi bastan ótkerdi. Allah Taghalagha sansyz shýkir, «myng ólip, myng tirilgen» últymyz tәuelsizdikke qoly jetip, ata-baba dinimen qayta qauyshty. Qazir meshitterimiz jamaghatqa lyqa toly. Býgingi tanda elimizding din, dil, til, tariyh, salt-dәstýr birligi últ pen memleket qauipsizdigining kepildigi ekenin Elbasymyz jaghy jar, tili kez bolyp, janayqayymen sanamyzgha sinirude.
Qazaq halqy qanshama aumaly-tókpeli zamandardy, nebir nәubetterge dushar etken bodandyq hәm ateistik kezenderdi bastan ótkerdi. Allah Taghalagha sansyz shýkir, «myng ólip, myng tirilgen» últymyz tәuelsizdikke qoly jetip, ata-baba dinimen qayta qauyshty. Qazir meshitterimiz jamaghatqa lyqa toly. Býgingi tanda elimizding din, dil, til, tariyh, salt-dәstýr birligi últ pen memleket qauipsizdigining kepildigi ekenin Elbasymyz jaghy jar, tili kez bolyp, janayqayymen sanamyzgha sinirude.
Tariyhqa jýginetin bolsaq, qazaq eli ontýstigi men batysy sonau 8 ghasyrda Týrgesh qaghanaty kezinde Abu Muzahiym-«Sýzgish» Súlyq qaghan, ortalyq, soltýstik jәne shyghysy 13 ghasyrda Altyn Orda memleketining úly handarynyng biri – Bereke han túsynda, songhy haq Islam dinin, onyng ishindegi sýnnet jolyndaghy Ábu Hanifa mәzhabyn (әlemdegi barsha músylmandardyng 70-ke juyq payyzy Ábu Hanifa mәzhabyn ústanady) qabyldaghan edi. Qazaq halqy 40-tan astam rugha, jýzderge, bay-kedeylerge bólinse de, biraq eshqashan dinde, onyng ishinde eng manyzdy súraqta, yaghni, Allanyng zatyna (esim sipattaryna) qatysty ilimde, senimde (aqidada, Allahty tanyp-bilude) bólingen emes, qyryq pyshaq bolyp talasqan emes. Demek, últ birligine keletin bolsaq, 40-tan astam rudan túratyn qazaq halqy el basyna kýn tughan alasapyran zamandarda bir tudyng astyna bir atanyng balasynday tize qosyp, syrttan, ishten shyqqan nebir qaskóy jaulargha tabandy týrde tótep berip otyrghan. Sebebi, negizgi diny mәselelerde qazaq halqynyng kózqarasy bir edi, birtútas edi.
Álemdegi keybir memleketterding (Sudan, Koreya, Yugoslaviya, Kot d Ivuar) bir últ, bir halyq, qandas bauyr bolyp otyryp, әr dinge, bir dinning ishindegi tarmaq-tarmaqtargha, neshe týrli adasqan destruktivtik aghymdargha bólinui sebebinen tartyp otyrghan tauqymetteri kózi qaraqty oqyrmangha mәlim.
Áytse de, keyde asyl dinimizdi әr-saqqa jýgirtip, týrli pikir tughyzyp, últymyzdyng Ábu Hanifa mazhәbyna, qazaqtyng birtuartúlghalarynyn (Abay, Shәkәrim, Mәshhýr Jýsip, Mirjaqyp, Halif Altay t.b.) diny tuyndylaryna, Elbasy senim bildirgen mýftiyattyng (QMDB) fatualaryna qayshy keletin óz kózqarastaryn halyqqa taratugha tyrysqan bazbir destruktivti diny toptar keyingi uaqyttary el ishinde qylang berip qaluda. Tipti. sanasy synyq, talghamy tayaz syrt memleketterdegi (Saudiya, Mysyr, Pakistan t.b.) kýmәndy «sheyhtardan» jasyryn sabaq alyp kelgen jastarymyz ben olargha jan-jaqty (әkimshilik,materialdyq,tehnikalyq) qoldau bildirip, qormaldyq tanytyp jýrgen biyliktegi keybir elge tanymal azamattar joq emes.
Ókinishke oray, elge tanymal biyliktegi keybir azamattar men ózderin «sheyh» (bilimdi) sanaytyn, jogharghy diny oqu oryndaryn tolyq bitirmegen, shetelge psihologiyasy әli qalyptasyp ýlgermegen shaghynda, ong men solyn ajyrata almaytyn jasynda oqugha ketip, keyinnen sol elderdegi týrli destruktivti toptardyng yqpalyna týsip qalyp jatqan jastardan qúralghan destruktivtik aghymdardyng (búdan әri qaray aghymdar) jeke otyrystarda, dastarqan basynda, el arasynda taratyp jýrgen sandyraqtary mynaday: «Qazaq halqy nadan bolghan, Islam dinin bilmegen, aqidada, yaghni, Allahty tanyp-bilude adasqan, bizding ata-babalarymyzdyng jasaghandary tek shirk (Allagha serik qosu), aruaqqa tabynghan», - dep últtyng betke ústar jaysandaryn: Altyn Orda memleketi handaryn, qogham qayratkerlerin, Abay, Shәkәrim, Mәshhýr Jýsip, Mirjaqyp Dulatúly, Halifa Altay, resmy QMDB-nyng ókilderin, bilimdi, últjandy imamdardy «adasqan-laqqan» taza tauhidty bilmegen, mýshrik (kóp qúdaygha tabynushylyq) bolghan, «naghyz» «taza» Islamy dúrys senimdi - tauhidti bizge, yaghny qazaqtargha tek 1995 jyldary ghana Saud Korolidigiden uahhabtar-sәlәfiyler әkeldi dep kókigenderin kórgende, yzagha oranyp, namysqa buynyp qalasyn.
Biraq halyqty kórer-kózge aqymaq qylyp, aldap, búl aghymdardyng ókilderi teledidarda, sahnalarda, týrli diniy-mәdeny baghdarlamalarynda ekijýzdilik betperdelerin kiyip, qazaq halqyn ózderinshe birlikke, imandylyqqa, taqualyqqa nasihattaghan kezde Abay, Shәkәrim, Mәshhýr Jýsip, Mirjaqyptardyng dindegi ústanghan joldaryn dúrys, búl túlghalardan artyq ghúlamalar bolghan emes dep, osylardyng tuyndylaryna silteme jasap auyzdarymen oraq oryp, sózding mayyn tamyzghan kezde «O, toba!» dep eriksiz jaghanyzdy ústaysyz.
Olar Alashtyng arda oghlandary mynaday mәselelerde adasty dep biledi:
1) Abay ózining 38-qarasózinde qazaqqa aqidany qazaq úghymyna say tamasha әri dәl týsindiredi: «... Allanyng sózi – qaripsiz, dauyssyz. Endi olay bolsa, aitqanday qylyp bildiretúghyn qúdireti jәne basar, samiygh, yaghni, kórushi, estushi degen. Alla taghalanyng kórmegi, estimegi biz sekildi kózbenen, qúlaqpen emes, kórgendey, estigendey biletúghyn ghylymnyng bir sipaty». Jәne de Abay shumaqtary:
Haliq qylghan, meken bergen Ol (Alla) lә mәkәn*.
Týp iyesin kóksemey bola ma eken,
Jәne oghan qaytpaqsyng Ony oilamay,
Basqa aqyl kónilge tola ma eken.
2) Mәshhýr Jýsip shumaqtary:
Ol Alla jism * jauhar* ghariyz* emes,
Bolargha basqa-basqa bólektenbes.
Allany esh nәrsege úqsatugha
Esh nәrse Oghan úqsap, jóni kelmes.
Bar Qúday kókte de emes, jerde de emes,
Mekenin bir Allanyng eshkim bilmes.
Iausyma ausy – tórt jaqtan pәk dýr Alla,
Muminning Alla degen kónilinde emes.
Sipaty segiz bolghan biri – kәlәm,
Sóileydi qúdiretimen Alla taghalam.
Sóileui bizdey tilmen, jaqpen emes,
Til, jaqqa múqtaj emes sekildi adam.
Aldy, arty, asty, ýsti, on, soly joq.
Auyz, múryn, ayaq, bas, kóz, qoly joq.
Esh nәrse úqsamaydy, Ol esh nәrsege
Kitaptyng aitqanynan oilama kóp.
Anyqtama: lә mәkәn* - mekeni joq, jism *-fizikalyq dene, jauhar*-bólinbeytin bólshek (kvark yaky preon), ghariyz*-aksiydensiya- zattyng kezdeysoq, kóldenen, auysqysh ,eleusiz qasiyetteri, túnghysh ret Aristoteliding «Metafizikasynda»kezdesedi. (Filosofskiy slovari / Pod red. IY.T. Frolova. - 4-e izd.-M.: Politizdat, 1981. - 445 s.)
Abay, Mәshhýr Jýsipter jogharydaghy shumaqtaryn Qúran, Hadiys, Tahauidyng «Áhli sunna uәli jamagha aqidasy», Ábu Hanifanyng «Fiyqh uli Akbar», H ghasyrda Samarqand shaharynyng janynda ómir sýrgen tegimiz týrikten shyqqan әbu Mansur әli Matrudiyding «Tauhid kitaby» kitaptarynyng negizinde zerttey-zerdeley otyra jazghan. Abaydyng 38-qarasózindegi tújyrymdar «Fiyqh uli Akbardyn» negizinde jazylsa, óleng shumaqtaryndaghy «lә mәkәn» úghymy Tahauidyng «Áhli sunna uәli jamaghat aqidasy» kitabynyng 38-ósiyetinen tabylady. Sonday-aq, Mәshhýr Jýsip shumaqtaryndaghy tújyrymdar da osy kitaptardyng ishinen tabylady. Demek, keltirilgen shumaqtardy jazugha, Abay men Mәshhýrdin, Islam dinining aqidasy túrghysynan qarasaq, dәleli men negizi jetip artylady.
Eng soraqysy, búl «sheyhsmaqtar» ózderining jappay el arasyna taratyp jatqan audio tabaqshalarynda kimde kim Allahtyng mekeni joq («lә mәkәn») dep týsinetin bolsa, onda ol adasyp jatyr, oghan búnday tújyrym adasushylyq ekenin týsindiru kerek, eger ol bәribir qarsy keletin bolsa,onda oghan kәpir deuge bolady dep, tarihta birneshe ret oryn alghan qantógis qaqtyghystargha әkeletin, dinimizdegi eng auyr sózdi ashyq týrde qoldanuda.
Naghynda, Altyn orda memleketi handary men túrghylyqty qazaq halqynyng diny senimderi, aqida mәselelerindegi ústanymdary turaly Islam әlemining betke ústar ghalymdary jәne memleket qayratkerleri jetkilikti derekter qaldyrghan. Mysaly: ibn Kasiyr, Bәdruddin әli Ayni, Hafiz ibn Hadjar Áskalani, Qiyas ad-din Jýzbek hannyng tikeley audiyensiyasynda bolghan әigili sayahatshy Ibn Battuta, Ruknuddin Beybars, Ibn әli Asiyr, Ibn abd az-Zahr,t.b.
Eng qyzyghy jogharydaghy atalghan ghalymdar men memleket qayratkerlerining eshqaysysy óz enbekterinde Altyn orda memleketi handary men túrghylyqty qazaq halqy aqidada adasqan dep jazghan emes.
Kerisinshe, Bәdruddin әli Ayny men Ibn abd az-Zahr enbekterine jýginsek, 13-ghasyrda Islam әlemin Qúlaghu әskerinen aman saqtap qalghan ýshin Mysyrdy biylep túrghan Ruknuddin Beybars әlemdegi býkil músylmandardyng qasiyetti ýsh meshitterinde (Mekkedegi, Medinadaghy, IYerusalimdegi) júma namazynan song imamdargha Alladan Altyn orda memleketining halqy men Bereke han ýshin dúgha jasatqan eken.
Egerde, adasqan aghymdar sheyhsymaqtarynyng sandyraqtary shyn bolsa, dәlel әkelulerin ótinemiz. Keminde, bes mynjyldyq tarihy bar asyl halqymyzdy dәlelsiz, negizsiz, jalghan aiyptaugha eshkimning haqysy joq degimiz keledi jәne búnday «perversivtik» tújyrymdargha jol berilmeu kerek dep esepteymiz.
Tómendegi fundamentaldyq arab, farsy týpderekterinen qazaq halqynyng birtuar arystanday Bereke, Mónke Temir, Ózbek, Jәnibek syndy handarynyng Islam әlemindegi geosayasatqa jasaghan yqpaldaryn,óz memleketterinde,әskerlerinde ornatqan әdilettik pen temirdey tәrtipterin, qoghamda Islam dinine say azamattyq institutardy qalay damytqandaryn, óz otanyna, halqyna degen sheksiz patriottyq sezimderi men últtyq namystarynyng beriktiligin kóremiz.
Djuzdjany «Tabakat y Nasiriy»
Búl ýzindiler kelesi basylymdar boyynsha jazylghan: The Tabakat-i-Nasiri of Aboo Omar Minhaj al-din Othman ibn Siraj al-Jauzjani, edited by W. Nassau-Lees and Maulawis Khadim Hosain and Abd al-Hai. Calcutta, 1863-1864 (Bibliotheca Indica); әr týrli oqu ýshin IV AN S 418 jәne t.b. qoljazbalar paydalanylghan.
Tushiyding tórt úly boldy: eng ýlkeni Batu, ekinshisi – Shaghatay, ýshinshi – Shiban, tórtinshi – Berke. Senim artatyn adamdardyng aituynsha, Berke músylman jerlerin jaulap alghan zamanda tudy deydi. Sheshesi Berkeni tughanda onyng әkesi Tushy bylay degen: «Myna úlymdy músylman asyraushysyna berinder; músylman onyng kindigin kesip, naghyz músylman bolu ýshin úlym (Berke) músylman sýtin ishsin, sebebi (osy) úlymdy músylman ettim». Egerde osy әngime ras bolsa, Alla taghala (Tushidyn) tozaqtaghy azap kóruin jenildetsin. Osy (әkesinin) jarylqaghan niyetining arqasynda Berke ósken song músylman dininde bolghanyna eshqanday kýmәn joq. Osy uaqytqa deyin, osy «Tabaqattyn» kýni bolyp tabylatyn kezge deyin, yaghny 658 g. (=18 XII 1259-5 XII 1260), Tushiyding úldarynan osy taqsyr-músylman bolghan edi.
Mengu-han taqqa otyrghan kezde, Berke músylman bolyp túryp bylay dedi: «Senimi joq adamdardyng biyligi ayaqtaldy; taqqa otyrghan kez kelgen senimi joq (yaghny músylman emes) hannyng biyligi úzaq bolmaydy. Eger de Mengu han bolatyn eliniz iri memleket bolyp qala bersin jәne de úzaqqa sozylsyn deseniz, músylman senimine kóshiniz, atynyz dinshil adamdardyng tizimine ensin, tek sodan keyin ghana taqqa otyrynyz». Olar osyghan kelisip, Mengu Islam dinin qabyl aldy. Sonda Berke ony qolynan ústap, taqqa otyrghyzdy.
Samarqandta bir monghol músylman dinin qabyldaghan jas balany shaqyrdy da, oghan jyly sóz aityp, qúrmet kórsetip, syilyq bergizdi de, músylman dininen bas tartugha búiyrdy. Alayda qanshama ret әreket jasasa da, әlgi janadan músylman dinin qabyldaghan boz bala Islam dininen bas tartpaghan, jýreginen de, tәninen de músylman dinin almaghan. Sonda sol monghol (jana) búiryq beredi, jigitti qorqytyp, (mongholdyn) kýshi men biyliginde bolghan barlyq jazagha tartady, alayda boz bala eshnәrsege kónbey músylman dininen qaytpaghan, olardyng (senimi joq adamdardyn) úryp-soqqanyna qaramastan, senimin ýzbegen. Jas jigit músylman dininde nyq túrghandyqtan, jәne de azghan halyqtyng uәdesine qaramay músylmandyqtan bas tartpaghandyqtan, janaghy qarghys atqyr monghol sol jigitti ólim jazasyna beruge búiyrdy. Óz senimining kýshi arqasynda jas jigit tynysh qana o dýniyege attandy, oghan Alla jar bolsyn jәne ony razy etsin! Samarqandtyng barsha músylmandary osy oqighagha an-tang boldy. Ashraf-ad-dinning aituynsha, akt (mahzar) jasaldy, ony Samarqandta túratyn senim artatyn adamdar, músylmandardyng basshylary rastap otyr. Osy aktyny alyp biz Berke-hannyng ordasyna attandyq, hangha bolghan isting mәn-jayyn týsindirip, Samarqand músylman emesterining sanyn berip, aktini úsyndyq. Biz senim artqan Berke-hannyng minezinde músylman dinine degen jiger bar edi, aqiqatty qorghau jayynda tilegi biylep aldy. Birneshe kýn ótken son, Berke-han said (Ashraf-ad-diyngha) qúrmet kórsetip, Samarqandqa kóptegen týrikter men senimdi músylman basshylaryn jiberip, sol opasyz zansyzdyqqa jol bergen músylman emesterdi óltirip, tozaqqa jiberudi búiyrdy. Osynday búiryqty alghan músylmandar zúlymdyq jasaghan adamdardyng barlyghyn ústap alyp, tozaqqa jiberdi, al shirkeulerin kirpishke ainaldyrdy. Búl jaza Berke-hannyn Muhammedting nanymyna jәne de hanafit uaghyzyna degen iygi niyetinen tuyndaghan edi – osy qyzmeti ýshin Alla Berke-hangha jar jәne razy bolsyn.
Hamdallah Kazviniyding «Tariyh-iy-guziydesinen»
Hamdallah Kazviniyding basty shygharmalarynyng biri «Tandauly tarihynan» - «Tariyh-iy-guziyde» 730 (=1329/30) jyly qúrastyrylghan jәne de Rashiyd-ad-dinning úly uәzir Qiyas-ad-din Muhammedke arnalghan.Storey, II, 1, pr. 81-84.- Bartolid, Týrkistan, 50-61. – E.G. Browne. A history of Persian literature under tartar dominion. Cambridge, 1920, 87-100. – W.O. Buchner, E.I. al-Kazwini sózi – IY.P.Petrushevskiy. Hamdallah Kazviny shyghys kýngey Kavkaz әleumettik-ekonomikalyq tarihy boyynsha derekkóz retinde. KSRO Ghylym akademiyasynyng habarshysy, Qoghamdyq ghylym akademiyasy, 1937, 873-920.
«Tariyh-iy-guziyde» faksimilide The Ta'rikh-iGuzida... of Hamdu’llah Mustawfi-i-Qazwini… reproduced in fac-simile… with an introduction by Edward G.Browne, Leyden-London, 1910 (Gibb Memorial Series, vol, XIV,1); qysqartylghan aghylshyn audarmasy jәne siltemeler II t. bar (Leyden-London, 1913). Alayda osy basylymnyng negizi bolghan qoljazba eski, onda qateleri men jiberilgen jerleri kóp bolghandyqtan № 153 Leningrad memlekettik kitaphanasynyng qoljazbalary boyynsha audarylghan ýzindilerding mәtinin berdik (813-1410/11 jyly qayta jazylghan), eskertulerde – «A» jәne IYV, AN S 501 (búrynghy 578a), eskertulerde – «V».
Zәin-ud-din jalghastyrghan «Tariyh-iy-guziydeden»
757 (=5 I-24HII 1356) jyl... Malik Ashraftyng iyeliginde onyng zansyzdyghy aqyrghy shekke jetken kezde, adamdar óz Otanyn tastap, qonys audara bastady. Muhiiy-d-din Berday – Berke hannyng Sarayyna attandy, onda ol uaghyzdaushy bolyp, ataqqa iyelendi. Marqúm Jәnibek han – Alla tozaq otynyng azabynan saqtasyn – onyng uaghyzdaryna qatysty. Jәnibek han onyng uaghyzyna qatysqan kezde mәulәna Muhiiy-d-din Berday uaghyz kezinde Tebriz turaly, Malik Ashraf turaly jәne adamdargha qyspaq jasaghany turaly aitty. Osy oqighalardyng barlyghyn sipattaghanda, qatysushylar enirep jylap qoya berdi, Jәnibek hannyng ózi de shyday almay jylap jiberdi. Ol (Muhiiy-d-diyn) Jәnibek hannyng jauyzdyqty jonggha mýmkindigi bar ekendigin aitty.Eger Jәnibek han Jaratushy iyemizding hangha tapsyrylghan adamdaryn onyng (Malik Ashraftyn) jýgensizdiginen bosatpasa, Jaratushy iyemiz qayta tiriletin kýni Jәnibek hannan esep súrap, jauapqa tartady. Muhiiy-d-din Berdaidyng qyzu týrde jәne de qaysarlyqpen aitqan uaghyzyn estigen Jәnibek-han sol jaq qanattaghy әmirlerine bir ay ishinde 10 toman әskerlerdi jabdyqtap, Tebrizge shabuyl jasaugha jiberuge búiyrdy. Sonday-aq ol ózining joryqta alatyn shatyryn shygharugha búiryq berdi. Bir ay ishinde әsker әzir boldy, patsha joryqqa attandy. 758 (=25HII 1356 – 13 HII 1357) jyly Jәnibek han Kuru ózeninen ótti. Búl turaly Malik Ashrafqa habar jetti. Jәnibek han Ardebilige keldi degen habar keldi. Beyaz әmir Hoygha baryp, ózimen berge Malik Ashrafty alyp keldi. Tebrizge kelgen kezde, túrghyndar onyng (Malik Ashraftyn) basyna kýl laqtyrdy jәne de sózben balaghattady. Ony hodja Sheyh Gandjiyding sheshesi Muayyad-begining ýiine aparady. Onda әmir Kaus Shirvany men mәulәna Muhiiy-d-din Berday bolghan. Malik Ashraf Kausty qolynan sýiip, ynqyldap eniredi, Kaus ony sylap-sipady. Sodan song ony Jәnibek hangha apardy, Jәnibek han Malik Ashraftan kelesini súrady: «Osy memleketti ne ýshin jýdetip, qirattyn?». Jәnibek han Udjannan ketip, Hashtrud oblysyna attandy, Kenku ónirine kelip, sodan song keri qaytty. Hashtrudada osy jyly kóp egin ekken, Jәnibek han qalyng qoly sol jerden eki ret ótse de, nannyng birde-bir masaghy synbaghan. Osydan әdilettik pen әdilsizdikting nәtiyjesin elestetuge bolady, bir aqyn aitqanday: «Qatal biyleushi ketken son, artynda zorlyq-zombylyqtyng izderi qaldy, әdiletti ketken son, artynda jaqsy at qaldyrdy». Patsha Malik Ashrafty ólim jazasyna bermey, óz eline alyp ketkisi keldi, alayda Kaus jәne qazy Muhiiy-d-din Berday óz sózderinde nyq túryp Jәnibek hannan ótindi: «Ol tiri qalsa osy elding túrghyndary tynysh tappaydy, tәrtipsizdik pen býlik jalghasa beredi». Jәnibek han aitylghan sózderding dúrystyghyn týsinip: «Endeshe óz erkilerine qaldyramyn»,- dedi. Malik Ashraf óltirildi, basy Tebrizge aparylyp, Meragiyler meshitining esigine ilip qoyyldy. Tebrizding túrghyndary quanyp, (Malik Ashrafty óltirgen) adamdargha qymbat syilyqtar syilady. Jәnibek han 10 000 salt attylarymen Tebrizge keldi, sarayda (dәulet-handa) toqtap, bir týn Tebrizde ótkizdi. Tanerteng ol hodja Alishahtyng meshitine baryp da, sonda namaz oqydy.
Ruknuddin Beybars
Arab tilinde jazylghan sóilemder
661 jyly (1262 jylghy 15 qarasha – 1263 jylghy 3 qarasha) Mysyrgha Berkenin, tatar patshasynyng elshileri, atap aitsaq Ál-Qadiyding úly әmir Jәlәliddin jәne sheyh Nuriddin Aly kelip, ol yaghniy Berke Islam dinin qabyldaghany turaly habardar etti. Olar Berkening hatyn әkeldi, onda tatar ýilerining arasynda kimder Islam dinin qabyldap, senbeytinderding (yaghny músylman emesterdin) qatarynan shyqqandardyng tizimi, olardyng әrqaysysynyng taypasy, ruy, jeke túlghalar men әskeri, ýlkeni men kishisi turaly jazylghan. Hatta Islam dinine bizding agha-inilerimiz ózderining balalarymen birge kirgeni turaly aitylghan, Budakura óz balalarymen jәne ýidegilermen birge, Pulad-Kukadjasu Yanshunuk jәne olardyng jerin mekendegen Kudagu, Karadjar, Tanushbuga, Shiromun, Buzbakular, óz әskerleri men malaylarymen birge, Mengkadar, Bekkadak-Baynal, Tukuzoguli Kutluttimur, óz balalarymen birge Adji, Durbaylar jәne Horasangha shabuylgha attanghan on myng әsker, Baydjumen birge attanghandardyng barlyghy, mysaly Baynal-Nion jәne Aykaku siyaqtylar Islam dinine tolyghymen kirgen. Olardyng barlyghy týgeldey Islamdy qabyldap, Islamnyng jarghylary men qaghidalaryn, erejelerin engizdi, Allanyng joly boyynsha ghazauat pen jihadqa qatysugha mindetterdi aldy, jәne Berke tómendegi sózderdi aitty: osy jolgha bizdi baghyttaghan Allagha madaqtau sózderin aitamyz, eger Alla taghala bizge jol kórsetpese, haq jolgha týspes edik, jәne de súltan Hulakumen shayqasyp ony jengenimdi bilsin, ol Hulaku mening qanymnan jәne sýiegimnen, yaghny jaqyn tuysym, biraq jalghyz Allanyng sózin kókke kótere madaqtau ýshin, tuysym bolsa da oghan qarsy soghysqa shyqtym, sebebi Islamgha senbegen Hulaku әdiletsiz qantógis jasaghan, al kóterilis jasaghan adam Allagha jәne onyng elshisine senbeydi.
Ayta ketetin bir jayt, aqiqatynda Baghdad әuletinen bolghan eng songhy Abbasiyd halifyn әli Mustasimdi 1258j. taqtan taydyryp óltirgen Hulaku bolatyn, demek Berke men Hulakudyng arasyndaghy soghystardyng negizgi sebebin diny faktilerden kóruge bolady.
XXV. Bәdruddin әli Ayniy
Arab tilindegi jazular.
Berkehannyng músylman dinin qabyldau sebebi osy: sol uaqytta sheyh Nadjmeddin Ál-Kubranyn danqy asyp, ol turaly aqparat taraghan; ózining izbasarlaryn ýlken qalalargha músylman dәstýrin ornatu ýshin jibergen, mysaly Saadaddin Ál-Hamaandy Horasangha, Kәmaliddin Ásh-Shariyakti Týrkistangha, Nizamiddin Ál-Jundiydi Qypshaqqa jәne Sayfuddin Ál-Baherziydi Búharagha jiberdi. Búharada ornalasqan Ál-Baherzy ózining bilimdi oqushylarynyng birin Berkehangha jiberedi. Ol onymen kórisip, Berkeni oqytyp Islamgha degen mahabbatyn tudyryp, oghan bolashaq jolyn aityp bergen. Sonyng sebebimen Berke Islamdy qabyldady, músylmandyqqa ózining kóptegen qol astyndaghylaryn ótkizdi. Sheyhqa ózine degen jasaghan iygi isi ýshin syi-syyapat, qúrmet kórsetuge bel baylady. Sóitip Berke Ál-Baherzy túrghan elge payzeni әzirleudi búiyrdy, payze kedeyler men taqualardyng paydasyna jәne ózine aqsha salyghyn jinaugha rúqsat etetin qúral yaghny qújat bolatyn. Berke payzeni Ál-Baherziyge jiberdi; payzeni alghan Ál-Baherzy Berkehan jibergen kisiden «búl ne?» dep súrady, «búl sheyhty jәne sheyhtyn qolynda qalaghan kisini saqtau ýshin qyzmet etedi, kimde bolsa, sony saqtaydy». Sonda Ál-Baherzy bylay degen eken: «payzeni esekke baylap qoyyndar, sodan song esekti dalagha jiberinder, eger payze esekti ólimnen, qasqyrlardan saqtasa, onda qabyl alamyn, al eger saqtamasa, onyng keregi de joq» dep syilyqty aludan bas tartqan. Elshi oralghan son, Berkege sheyhtyng aitqan sózin qaytalap berdi. Sonda Berkening aitqany: «onda men sheyhqa ózim baramyn» depti. Ol Búharagha at basyn tirep, sheyh qaqpasynyng aldynda ýsh kýn túrady, sebebi sheyh ózining izbasarlarynyng bireui ózimen sóilemegenshe Berkege kiruge rúqsat etpegen. Arada ýsh kýn ótken song izbasarlarynyng bireui sheyhqa bylay depti: «Berke úly patsha, ol alys elden sheyhtyng batasyn alugha jәne әngimelesuge kelip otyr, oghan mindetti týrde rúqsat beru kerek». Sodan song kiruge rúqsat etti. Berke sheyhqa baryp, amandasty. Sheyh jamylghyshty jamylyp, Berkening aldynda betin ashpady. Berke onyng qolyna tamaq berdi, sheyh onyng bir bóligin jep aldy. Berke sheyhting aldynda Islam dininin sharttaryn qaytalap, óz eline oraldy
668 jyly (1269 jylghy 31 tamyz – 1270 jylghy 19 tamyz) Soltýstik elderdegi Tatar patshasy, Toghannyng úly Mengutemir men Konstantinopoli taqsyry Laskaristing arasynda óshpendilik payda boldy. Mengutemir Konstantinopolige Tatarlardan túratyn әskerdi jiberdi, olar sonda Konstantinopolige at basyn tirep, Laskaristing jerinde emin-erkin biylik jýrgizdi, jәne Rum jerlerining súltany, Keyhosroydyng úly, Izzeddin Keykaus tútqynda otyrghan bekinisting janynan ótti. Ol, biz jogharyda aitqanday, onda 662 jyly qamalghan (1263 jylghy 4 qarasha – 1264 jylghy 23 qazan) edi. Tatarlar ony kisilerimen jәne әielderimen birge tútqynnan bosatyp, Mengutemir hangha alyp ketti. Mengutemir ony qúrmetpenen qarsy alyp, syi-syyapat kórsetip, Qyrymda ornalastyryp, Berke ýiining ishinen, Urbayhatun atty ózining ataqty qyzdarynyng birine ýilendirdi.
669 jyly (1270 jylghy 20 tamyz – 1271 jylghy 8 tamyz) Siriyagha Mengutemir han ekinshi El-han Hulaku hannyng balasy Abaganyng әskerin tas-talqanyn shyghardy degen quanyshty habar keldi, oghan súltan Ruknuddin Beybars qatty quandy.
Ózbek, hatundardyng ýlken bәibishesi, әkesi Togruldjiyding әieli Bayalunnan kómek súrady. Bayalun oghan kómektesti, jәrdem etti jәne ony taqqa otyrghyzdy. Eger de Ózbek taqqa otyrsa, Islamdy qabyldaydy degen uәde aldy. Taqqa otyrghan son, Ózbekhan shynymen de Islamdy qabyldady, Allagha iman keltirdi jәne ózine meshit salyp, kýnine belgilengen uaqytta bes ret namazyn oqyp otyrdy, Islam dinin óz memleketinde memlekettik din dәrejesine jetkizdi.
Asylynda,Juzjani, Hamdallah Kazvini, Zәin-ud-diyn, Ruknuddin Beybars, Bәdruddin әli Ayniy enbekterinen, birinshiden altyn orda memleketi halqy men Bereke hannyn, Islam dinining qúndylyqtaryn, sopylyq qubroviya tarihatynyng irge tasyn qalaghan 1221j. qaytys bolghan Nadjmeddin Ál-Kubranyn, shәkirtterinen ýirengenin, hanafy mәzhabynda bolghandyghyn, ekinshiden aqida qaghidalary arqyly zerdeleytin bolsaq Bereke hangha sabaq bergen sheyhtardyng aqidasy dúrys yaghny Islam talaptaryna say ekendigin, ýshinshiden Bereke on ýshinshi ghasyrdaghy әlemdegi geosayasatqa yqpal etken eng ýlken tarihy әleumettik sayasy subiektining hany bola túryp diny ústazgha degen keremet qúrmet ýlgisining kórinisin, tórtinshiden Mengutemir han kezinde altyn orda memleketining Konstantinopoli jerine jýrgizgen tegeurindi sayasatyn,qazirgi týrikterding ertede ótken qogham qayratkerlerining biri Keyhosroydyng úly, Izzeddin Keykausty ezgiden bosatqanyn,Jәnibek hannyn Shyghys Azerbaydjan yaghny Iran, Irak ólkelerindegi músylmandardy qatigez Malik Ashrafting jauyzdyqtarynan bosatqandyghyn, besinshiden Ózbek hannyn bir Allagha iman keltirip,meshit salyp, bes uaqyt namazyn oqyp,Islam dinin óz memleketinde memlekettik din dәrejesine jetkizgendigin, altynshydan handardyn, memleket qayratkerlerinin, din jәne últ birligining bolmau kesirinen bir birine tuys, bauyr, qandas bola túryp Bereke men Hulaku, Mengutemir men Abaga handar arasynda bolghan diny sayasy soghystardy bayqaymyz.
Jogharyda bayandalghan tarihy kezennen tuyndaytyn talgham últ, memleket, qogham bolashaghy ýshin eng qauipti faktor diny alauyzdyq bolyp tabylatyndyghy taygha tanba basqanday belgili, rasynda kóregen halqymyzdyng danalyghy-ay shirkin «altau ala bolsa auyzdaghy ketedi, tórteu týgel bolsa tóbedegi keledi»...
Zatynda Resey memleketindegi soltýstik Kavkazdaghy jihadshylar men shahidshylardyng negizgi iydeology bolghan Said Buryatskiydin aqida súraqtaryndaghy kózqarasy (
Eskerte ketetin bir jәit, dәstýrli Islam seniminde tek Alla S.A.T. transsendenttik kategoriyagha jatady, yaghniy Alla kenistikten, uaqyttan, zamannan pәk, mýshelerden qúralmaghan, fizikalyq dene emes. Alla kez-kelgen jaratylghan maqúlyqtargha mýlde (absoluttik týrde) úqsamaydy. Alla ózi ghana jaratqan býkil jaratylystardan (әlem, galaktika, aspan, planeta t.b.) bólek, derbes, eshnәrsege eshbir múqtajsyz, bastausyz, ayaqtausyz mәngi ómir sýrushi.
Alayda, jogharyda atalghan aghymdar, olardyng elge tanymal, biylikte jýrgen ókilderi qazaqtyng ghúlamalaryn naqty jogharydaghy shumaqtar ýshin adasty dep, jalghan qaueset taratuda. Olardyng shatasqan kózqarastary boyynsha Alla mýshelerden qúralghan fizikalyq dene gharshyda otyr, demek kimde-kim Alla qayda degen súraqqa sausaghyn shoshaytyp joghary kórsetpese, ol adasqan bolyp shygha keledi. Astaghfirullah. Biraq aqylgha salsaq, jogharyda aitylghan býkil Islam әlemining senimin jýieli týrde músylmandargha týsindirgen úly imamdar, Abay, Mәshhýrler kim? Iritki salushy «bilgishsymaqtar» kim?
Destruktivtik aghymdar qúrylymyna kiretin «Qayyrymdylyq qor» degen atty jamylyp, halyqqa diny dәris beretin pәterlerden ashylghan ortalyqtar memleketimizding kóptegen oblys ortalyqtarynda búghanasy bekimegen jas qyzdarymyz ben úldarymyzdy jinap alyp, Islam tarihynda kóptegen qandy qyrghyndargha úshyratqan Múhammad ibn Abd-әl-Uahhab degen kisinin, onyng diny ústazy ibn Tәimiyyanyng (ad Darimi,ibn Qaim t.b.) jәne de qazirgi zamandaghy adasqan ghalymsymaqtardyn (ibn Useymiyn, Fauzan, ibn Baz, Albany t.b.) aqidada shatasqan iydeologiyasyn nasihattap, olargha dәris berip, dәstýrli din jolyn ústaytyn halyq ókilderine qarsy qoyyp, iritki saluda.
Búghan aighaq: keybir jastarymyz osynday ortalyqtardan dәris alghannan keyin tughan ata-anasyna qarsy shyghyp, olardy kәpirge sanap, qazirgi zamanauy bilimdi mansúqtap, jalpy qazaqy bolmystan alystap, Elbasymyzgha, memlekettik zandargha, qúrylymdargha qarsy qarakóz bauyrlarymyzdy ýgittep, qayrap, tipti, keybireuleri jihadqa shaqyryp, «sheyit» boludy armandap jýr.
Jogharyda aitylghan tújyrymdar qúrghaq sóz bolyp qalmauy ýshin naqty dәlelder keltirudi jón kórdik. Búl aghymdardyng býlikshil iydeologiyasynyng qaynar kózi myna kitaptar bolyp sanalady:
1. Kuliyev E.
-Osnovy very v svete Korana y Sunny. – Moskva: «Umman», 2008
- Na puty Korana. – Almaty:«Álbarakat» baspasy, 2008
2. Múhammad ibn Abd-әl-Uahhab (audarmashy - Bishimov A.)
-Tauhid kitaby. – Almaty: «Núrly әlem» baspasy, 2006
3. Muhammad ibn Jamili Zinu. Stolpy Islama y very. – «Sharja»
4. Muhammab at-Tamimy (Múhammad ibn Abd-әl-Uahhab).
-Try prinsipa y ih dokazatelistva. – «Sharja» t.b.
Bir ghana mysal: Kuliyev E. ózining «Osnovy very v svete Korana y Sunny.» kitabynyng 83 betinde «Ta-ha» sýresining 5-shi ayatyndaghy «istәuә» sózin «kóterildi, ornyqty» dep ayattyng syrtqy úghymymen týsinu kerek, eger kimde-kim ayattyng syrtqy úghymymen emes «mengerdi» dep týsinetin bolsa onda ol adam «eretiyk» (adasushy) dep, qoryqpay kesimdi uәj aitady.
Sonda, Islam әlemining senimin jýieli týrde músylmandargha týsindirgen, birtuartuyndylar qaltyrghan Islam әleminin úly imamdary mysaly: tәfsirshiler ibn Kasiyr, ar-Razi, at-Tabari, an-Nasafi, Abay, Mәshhýr, H.Altaylar t.b. «eretiyk» (adasushy) bolghany ma? Býkil músylman әlemine aty әigili 13-i ghasyrdaghy qasiyetti Qúran ekzegeti (tәfsirshisi) ibn Kasir «Ta-ha» sýresining 5-shi «Aghraf» sýresinin 54-shi ayattaryndaghy «istәuә» sózin «kóterildi, ornyqty» dep ayattyng syrtqy úghymymen týsinuge mýldem bolmaytynyn naqty kesimdi týrde bayandaydy.
Sózimiz túshymdy bolu ýshin, ibn Kasirding tәfsirinen osy «istәuә» mәselesine qatysty ýzindiler keltirudi jón kórip otyrmyz:
تفيسر ابن كثير: ﴿ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ﴾الأعراف:54،
وأما قوله تعالى: { ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ } فللناس في هذا المقام مقالات كثيرة جدا، ليس هذا موضع بسطها، وإنما يُسلك في هذا المقام مذهب السلف الصالح: مالك، والأوزاعي، والثوري،والليث بن سعد، والشافعي، وأحمد بن حنبل، وإسحاق بن راهويه وغيرهم، من أئمة المسلمين قديما وحديثا، وهو إمرارها كما جاءت من غير تكييف ولا تشبيه ولا تعطيل. والظاهر المتبادر إلى
أذهان المشبهين منفي عن الله، فإن الله لا يشبهه شيء من خلقه، و { لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ } [ الشورى:11 ]
Ibn Kasir (Allah ony rahymyna bólesin). Imam «Ta-ha» sýresining besinshi ayatynda búl mәseleni Aghraf sýresinde tolyq aityp ketkenmin, búl jerde ony qaytalaudyng keregi joq dep eskertedi.
Aghraf sýresi, 54-ayat, «Rahman arshygha istaua» degen Allah Taghalanyng sózinde adamdar (ghalymdar) arasynda kóptegen әngime bar. Búl bir jay nәrse emes, búl mәselede sәlәf ghalymdarnyng joly negizge alynady. Mәliyk, Auzaghiy, Sauriy, Lays, Shәfighy Ahmad bin Hanbal, Ishaq bin Rahuiya siyaqty jәne basqada músylmandardyng aldynghy, keyingi imamdary. Ol ústanym esh keyiptemesten, úqsatpastan, joqqa shygharmastan qalay kelse solay ótkizip jiberu, al Allahty úqsatushylardyng oilaryna kelgen ayattyng syrtqy úghymy Allah Taghaladan qaytarylghan. Allah Taghala jaratqan nәrselerining eshqaysysyna úqsamaydy. Shura sýresi, 11-ayat, «Ol siyaqty esh nәrse joq. Ol tolyq estushi әri kórushi».
Elbasymyzdyng ózi óte joghary bagha bergen H.Altay atamyz ózi audarghan Qúran Kәrimde «Ta-ha» sýresining 5-shi ayatyndaghy «istәuә» sózin «mengerdi» dep týsindiredi. Sonda búl «sheyhsmaqtardyn» diny bilimderi marqúm H.Altay atamyzdan «artyq» bolghany ma?.
Eng ókinishtisi, Elimir Kuliyev Elbasymyz N.Nazarbaevtyng atyn jamylyp shygharghan Qúran kitabynyng audarmasynda, «istәuә» sózin «kóterildi, ornyqty» dep týsindirip, kóptegen músylman bauyrlarymyz ben qarakóz qaryndastarymyzdy adastyruda.
Al endi «eretiyk» degen sózding maghynasyna keler bolsaq: V Islame lubaya religioznaya eresi («bida») strogo osujdaetsya. Pry etom eresiu schitaetsya luboe novovvedenie v religii. K storonnikam eresy priymenyaiytsya terminy «mubtadiy» (eretiyk), «zindiyk» (eretiyk), a takje neredko «kafiyr» (nemusulimaniyn) ily «munafiyk» (taynyy nemusulimaniyn).Tradisionno eretikamy nazyvaly drug druga sunnity y shiity (Vikiypediya — ensiklopediya ).Osynday iritki salatyn, býlikke әkeletin kitaptardy oqyghan jastarymyz óz tughan ata-analaryn kәpirge shygharyp jatsa onda biz nege tang qalamyz?!
Demek, jogharydaghy atap ótilgen ortalyqtardy, aghymdardy, taratylyp jatqan halyqty adastyratyn kitaptardy shúghyl týrde toqtatpasa búnyng arty qanday tauqymetke әkeleri «taygha tanba basqanday» ekeni barshamyzgha ayan.
Ókinishke oray, ortalyqtar men aghymdar qazaq últyna qiyanat әkeletin óz súrqiya júmystaryn jalghastyruda, kitaptary kez-kelgen dýkenderde tyiym salynbay, ashyq týrde satyluda jәne de qajylyqqa barghan qandas bauyrlarymyzgha tegin taratyluda.
Aqiqatynda, Alash balasynyng san ghasyrlyq senim-nanymy men salt-dәstýrin teriske shygharushy búl qaradýrsin qozghalys ә degennen-aq últ janashyrlarynyng qatang synyna úshyrady. Qazaq halqynyng «at basyna kýn tusa auyzdyqpen su ishetin, el basyna kýn tusa etigimen su keshetin» kózi ashyq kókiregi oyau últjandy azamattarynyng biri, elge tanymal zanger, әri dintanushy bauyrymyz M.Isahannyng aituyna qaraghanda, elimizdegi uahhabshyldyq ilimning tehnologtary qiynnan jol tabugha kiristi. Olar Qazaq qoghamyna syiymdy boluy ýshin әzirge oraq tisterin kórsetpey, shynayy qúbyjyq beynesin qashan asyl múrattaryna iyek artqangha deyin jasyra túrudy jón sanady. Sóitip, uahhabshyldar «qalypty salafitter» degen ghylymy negizsiz, jalang tújyrymmen júmys jasaugha kóshti. Uahhabshylardyng búl әdis-aylasy teologiya ghylymynda «taqiya» (jasyrynu) dep atalady. Yaghni, olardyng búl әnji әdisinen elimizde uahhabshyldyqtyng «taqiyashylar» atty tarmaghy ortagha shyqty. Ishki qalauy aiparaday aiqyn kórinbegenimen, osy taqiyashylar uahhabshyldyq qozghalystyng ishindegi eng qauipti tarmaghy sanalady. Óitkeni, taqiyashylar qalyng búqaranyng qamyn jegen bolyp, dәstýrge-dәrmen, pәktikke-pәrmen bergensip, kópshiliking senimine kirip, sәti soqqanda, óz iydeologiyalaryn tyqpalaugha tyrysyp baqty. Ókinishke qaray, Qazaq qoghamy uahhabshyldyq ilimdi birshama teristegenmen, onyng kólenkesi taqiyashyldyqqa qarsy túratyn immuniytet qalyptastyra almady. Osynyng әserinen onyng uyty tútas qoghamdy sharpy bastady.
Jalpy, «taqiyashylardyn» tehnologtary búqaralyq sipatqa ie bolu ýshin Qazaq qoghamynyng barlyq ókilderine tiyimdi sharttardyng negizinde óz iydeologiyasyn nasihattaudy oilastyra bildi. Nәtiyjesinde ainaldyrghan bes-on jyldyng ishinde aghym mýshelerining sany kýrt artyp, qaulap ósken ottay kóbeygen ýstine kóbeye týsti. Dәl qazir uahhabshyldyq qozghalystyng ókilderi qoghamnyng barlyq salasynda kezdesedi desek asyra aitqandyq emes. Ásirese, qara halyqqa ekpindi yqpal ete alatyn kóptegen óner iyelerin, sportshylardy, jurnalisterdi, aqyn-jazushylardy, iri kәsipkerlerdi, keybir moldalardy da osy aghymnyng sapynan kóruge bolady. Tipti, uahhabshyldyq qozghalystyng qormaly bolyp jýrgen bәzbir memlekettik qyzmetkerler men sayasatkerlerimiz de barshylyq. Taqiyashylar sany men sapasyn odan ary qaray arttyra týsu ýshin kýndik, ailyq, toqsandyq, jyldyq josparmen, bir sózben aitqanda aldyn-ala jan-jaqty saralanghan keshendi mehanizmmen qyzu әreket etude. Osy ekpinmen qarasyn qalyndata týsse, aldaghy on-jiyrma jyldyqtaghy Alash balasynyng denin osy taqiyashylar tarmaghy qúraytyny aitpasa da týsinikti jayt. Al, búl bizge ne beredi? Kósegemizdi kógerte me, joq әlde zauzatymyz týp-túqiyanymen ózgerip, «Músylman Qazaq elimiz» degen qúr atymyz ghana qala ma?
Bizden búryn búl indet taralghan postkenestik memleketterding tәjiriybesine kóz jýgirtsek, uahhabshyldyq qozghalys Soltýstik Kavkazdaghy Sheshenstan men Daghystandy meldeginen qangha bóktirdi. Tәjikstan men Tatarstan tәrizdi elderding tynyshyn alyp, túnyghyn laylady. Búl elder әli kýnge deyin es jiya almay, qazirgi shaqta sonyng saldarymen kýresip, sarsangha týsude. Ózbekstan biyligi dýmpulerdi tasqúrsau tәrtipting arqasynda kýshpen basyp, uahhabshyldyqty der kezinde auyzdyqtay aldy. Uahhabshy sodyrlar qonsy Qyrghyzstannyng ontýstiginde oqtyn-oqtyn qaruly qaqtyghys jasady. Ótken jyldary Tatarstanda ózderine qarsy kelgen talay jannyng ghúmyryn qidy. Uaghynda uahhabshyldyqtyng kanondaryn ústanbaq bolghan «talibandar» Aughan mәdeniyetinin kýlin kókke úshyra jazdady. Al, uahhabshyldyq ilimimen ulanghan «Ál-Kayda» úiymy әlemde terakt jasaudan ózge eshkimge jýlde bergen emes. Endeshe, jahanda býlik úiymdastyrudan aldyna qara saldyrmaghan uahhabshyldyq qozghalys Qazaqiyany qaytip jarylqamaq?
Eger, Qazaq qoghamynda uahhabshyldyq qozghalys ýstemdikke ie bola qalsa (Qúdayym onyng betin ary qylsyn), halqymyzdyng myng jyldan beri ústanyp kele jatqan dәstýrli sýnnittik baghyttaghy Hanafy mәzhabynyng kanondyq qaghidalary kýireuge úshyrap, Hanafiy-Matrudy senim-nanym negizderi kýpirlikke balanady. Alash qauymynyng san ghasyrlyq mәdeniyeti, tarihy, memleket jәne qogham qayratkerleri mansúqtalyp, últymyzdyng salt-dәstýri men әdet-ghúrpy «shirkke» tenestiriledi. Tek ilahy absoluttik ýkimder (naql) basshylyqqa alynyp, zamanauy qúndylyqtardy qorghaugha baghyttalghan memlekettik nizam jýiesine moyynsúnu kýpirlik sanalady. Diny bostandyqty pash etushi memleketting zayyrlyq túrpaty teristelip, onyng ornyna jalang teokratiyalyq sipattaghy tirandyq biylik ornaydy. Demokratiya, jariyalylyq, adam qúqyghy t.b. qúndylyqtar ayaq-asty etilip, Qazaqiyanyng boz betege, súr soqpaghy qangha bóktiriledi. Eng bastysy últ jәne memleket retinde ishki mәninen aiyrylghan araby sipattaghy әiteuir bir qauym bolyp kýn keshuimiz ghajap emes. Endeshe, Alash balasyn aldaghy uaqytta zor qasiretke úshyratar uahhabshyldyq ilim bizge sonshalyqty nesimen qúndy bolyp otyr? Nege pyshaq kesti tyiym salmaymyz? Nelikten teris aghymdargha «tosqauyl» qoyamyz degen sandyraqty jeleu etip keybir sarapshysymaqtar uahhabshyldyq ilimining kanondyq ústanymdaryn qazaq qoghamyna resmiylendiru sayasatyn jalghastyruda? Búl sarapshysymaqtar kimning diyirmenine su qúiy da?
Memleketimizding diny alauyzdyqqa qarsy qabyldaghan zannamalary jalpy dúrys, degenmen meshit imamdaryna «mýshriksin», «adasqansyn» dep jala jabatyn uahhabiy-salafiyler ókilderine aduyndy týrde tosqauyl qoiy ýshin býkil uahhabiylerge onyng ishindegi tarmaghy «qalypty salafitterge» qarsy obiektivti saraptamalar jasauy kerek.
Býgingi tandaelimizde qaptap jýrgen әrtýrli mýddedegi missionerler (uahhabiy-salafiyler) el-júrtty búra tartyp, týlki búlan, aila-sharghygha salyp, óz senimderin tyqpalauyn toqtatar emes. Eng soraqysy – eshbir diny bilimi joq,arabsha hat tanymaytyn keybir diny sarapshysymaqtar «qalypty» uahhabiy-salafiyler qazaq halqynyng dini, sayasi, últtyq, birtútastyghyna esh qauipti emes degen sandyraqtaryn qogham ókilderine ashyq jariyalauda.
Diny aqparattardy eksheu isinde keybir zandy túlghalardyn sylbyr qimyldary sebebimen, diny ekstremistik mazmúndaghy ghalamtor sayttary kýni býginge deyin kereginshe qúlashyn jayyp, keng arnada júmys jasap keledi. Ghalamtordy paydalanushylardyng deni negizinen on-solyn tanymaghan jasóspirimder bolghandyqtan, diny azghyndyqqa bastaytyn aqparattardyng aq-qarasyn aiyra almay, ekstremistik oilardyng jeteginde ketip jatyr. Odan qala berdi Qazaqstandaghy jastar sanasyn ulap, salafy baghyttaghy uaghyzdar taratyp jýrgen ghalymsymaq-dýmshelerding uaghyz-diskileri halyqqa shýlen tarqatylghanday tegin taratyldy. Diny aqparattardy sýzgiden ótkizetin arnayy tetik bolmaghandyqtan, eldigimizge núqsan keltiretin shalaghay әdebiyetter elge tarap ketip jatyr. Árkim ózining oqyghanyn, tyndaghanyn, estigenin jón sanaytyndyqtan, kez-kelgen ortada halyq bir-birimen aitysyp-tartysatyn jaghdaygha jetti. «Kelinning betin kim ashsa, sol ystyq kórinedi» demekshi, әlgi ghalymsymaqtardyn dauysy elge kóbirek jetkendikten, jas buyn solardy pir tútyp, dәstýrli diny tanymymyzgha múrynyn shýiirip qaraytyn jaghdaygha tap boldyq.
Aghymdaghy jyldyng sәuir-mamyr ailarynda Jezqazghan men Sәtbaev qalalarynda ótken «Diny ekstremizm men terrorizmge qarsy túru» kezdesulerinde keybir sarapshysymaqtardyng «qalypty» uahhabiy-salafiylerding diny ústanymdary qazaq halqynyng dini, sayasi, últtyq, birtútastyghyna esh qauipti emes degen sandyraqtaryn estigen jergilikti uahhabiy-salafiyler osy sarapshysymaqtarynyn tújyrymdarynan keyin jana bir kýsh alyp, meshit imamdaryna, dәstýrli din ókilderine qarsy shyghyp, ónirdegi ushyghyp túrghan diny arazdyqty odan beter ushyqtyruda.
Qazirgi tanda ózderin «qalypty» salafiylermiz deytin aghym liyderleri Qaraghandy, Sәtbaev, Jezqazghan qalalarynda auyzashar jiyndarynda jastardy jinap, teris uaghyz-nasihatpen sanalaryn ulauda. Negizgi maqsattary «uahhabiylik-sәlәfiylik» aghymynyng negizin qalaghan HVIII ghasyrda Hidjaz ólkesin qangha bóktirgen Múhammed bin Abduluahhabtyn «Usulus-sәlәsa» (Ýsh negiz) degen kitabynyn shenberinde Ibn Taymiyanyn senim mәselelerindegi adasqan konsepsiyalaryn algha tarta otyryp nasihattau,ýgitteu nәtiyjesinde jamaghat, әsirese jastar sanasyna Islam senimine teris qaghidalar qalyptastyru.
Elimizding bilimdi imamdaryn onyng ishinde Sansyzbay, Raqymjan, Rizabek, Ersin, Erkinbek, Qabylbek syndy bauyrlarymyzdyn meshit jamaghatyna, onyng ishinde jastargha aitylghan uaghyzdar men dәristerin teriske shygharyp, búlar «Habashiyler», ókimet adamdary, olardy tyndamandar dep qaralap, ónirdegi ushyghyp túrghan jamaghat arasyndaghy diny arazdyqty odan beter ushyqtyryp, jamaghatty ókimet organdaryna qarsy qoyuda, nәtiyjesinde kýnnen kýnge az da bolsa birte-birte kóbeyip kele jatqan «uahhabiylik-sәlәfiylik» aghymyndaghy jastardyng sanyn arttyruda.
Ózderin «qalypty» salafiylermiz deytin aghym liyderleri uaghyzdarynyng sebebimen, senim mәselelerinde adasyp, atalmysh aghymnyng jeteginde ketken jastarymyz, ózderining oqyghanyn, tyndaghanyn, estigenin jón sanaytyndyqtan, kez-kelgen ortada QMDB imamdaryna, dәstýrli Islamdy ústanatyn býkil qazaq halqynyng senimine qarsy shyghyp, qogham túraqtylyghyna, memleket tәuelsizdigine óte qauipti diny arazdylyqty tudyruda.
Osynyng nәtiyjesinde ónir ziyalylary qazirgi jiyrma men otyz jasqa deyingi aralyqtaghy teris aghymdardyng arbauyna týsken jastardyng qarasyn «joghalghan úrpaqqa» balap otyr.
Býgingi tanda keybir sarapshysymaqtar, «qalypty» «uahhabiy-salafiylerdi» qazaq qoghamynda resmiylendirudi kózdep, yaghny ózderining últ bolashaghyna asa qauipti maqsattaryna jetu ýshin, qyzmetterin útymdy paydalana otyryp, aghym liyderlerine janjaqty әkimshilik kómek berip, «tәkfirshilerge» qarsy kýresti jeleu etip, jamaghat arasynda «sheyh» retinde jarnamalap,Hanafy mәzhabynyng senim qaghidalaryna ýzildi kesildi qarsy Múhammed bin Abduluahhab pen Ibn Taymiyanyn senim mәselelerindegi adasqan konsepsiyalaryn jamaghatqa uaghyzdap, әrdayym Elbasymyz janayqaymen aitatyn diny birizdilikke orasan zor ziyan tiygizude.
Eskerte ketetin bir jayt, atalmysh sarapshysymaqtarymyz óz sózderinde, Elbasymyzdyng ústanymy men últtyng diny auyzbirligin kózdep, Hanafy mәzhabynyng senim prinsipterin halyqqa ghylymy túrghyda nasihattap jýrgen QMDB-nyng ókilderin, atap aitsaq Sansyzbay, Raqymjan, Rizabek, Ersin, Erkinbek, Qabylbek syndy bauyrlarymyzdy «Habashiyler» dep esh negizsiz, dәlelsiz jalghan aiyptap, búlar qoghamgha qauipti degen qauesetti halyq arasynda, onyng ishinde búqaralyq aqparat qúraldarynda ashyq taratuda.
Eng soraqysy, jogharyda aitylghan ózderinshe diny bilgishsymaq bolyp jýrgender Múhammed bin Abduluahhab pen Ibn Taimiyaanyn senim mәselelerindegi adasqan konsepsiyalaryn teologiyalyq túrghydan qabyldaugha bolatyndyghyn ashyq jariyalap, býkil әlem músylmandary, qazaq halqy, QMDB ústanatyn Islam dinining teologiyalyq prinsipterine janalyq engizude.
Elbasynyng bastamasymen, din salasynda qyzmet etip jýrgen kózi ashyq, kókiregi oyau últjandy otandastarymyz, iyisi músylman, biraq, bir Islam dinining ishinde jik-jikke, tarmaq-tarmaqqa bólinip alghan qazaq halqyn QMDB- nyng ayasyna, yaghny bir jamaghatqa jinay almay otyrghanda, keybir bilgishsymaq-sarapshysymaqtar búqaralyq aqparat qúraldarynyng jan-jaqty mýmkinshilikterin paydalanyp, kimning «diyirmenine su qúiyp» otyrghandary týsiniksiz bolyp otyr.
Asylynda, atalmysh sarapshysymaqtardyng jýrgizip otyrghan baghyttary, Elbasy ústanghan últ birtútastyghy sayasatyna yaghny qazaq halqynyng mýddesine qarama qayshy ekendigi sanasy synyq,talghamy tayaz emes kez kelgen pendege «taygha tanba basqanday» anyq dep esepteymiz.
Búnyng sony nege aparyp sogharyn oilasaq, ókinishke oray tәuelsiz tarihymyzda oryn alghan Aqtóbe, Atyrau, Almaty, Taraz, Balhash qalalaryndaghy dýmpuler kóz aldymyzgha elesteydi.
Týptep kelgende aitpaghymyz, últymyzdyng janazasyn shygharyp, memlekettiligimizdi jargha jyghatyn uahhabshyldyq qozghalysqa memlekettik túrghyda qatang tyiym jasaluy tiyis. Uahhabshyldyqtyng radikaldy tarmaqtaryna ghana emes, sayasiy-әleumettik mehanizmi jetilgen «taqiyashylar» tarmaghyna da qatang toqtam jasaluy shart. Eger, kózge týsken tentegi men tebizin ghana tyiyp, momaqan, juas bolyp kórinip, tasada túryp tas atatyn «taqiyashylaryn» auyzdyqtay almasaq, últtyq mýddemizge tóngen qauipti bәribir birjolata seyilte almaymyz. Sondyqtan, diny ústanymy boyynsha metodologiyalyq әr-aluandyqqa boyalghan uahhabshyldyq ilimmen tәjiriybelik túrghyda jan-jaqty kýresetin memlekettik keshendi baghdarlama qabyldauymyz qajet. Búl, Alash balasyn qaraqúiyn pәleketten aman alyp qaludyng jalghyz ghana joly...
Sóz sonynda qazaqtyng birtuar túlghalarynyng biri M.Dulatúly men Abaydyng shumaqtaryn keltirudi jón kórdik.
....Zamangha qaray sheyhtar nadanyraq,
Kóbi qara qazaqtan jamanyraq.
Biler-bilmes oqumen sheyh bolyp,
Orynsyz sózge úmtylyp kóbi úrynshaq.
Bilmeymin dep sirә bir moynyna almas,
Halin bilmeydi kóbisi beyshararaq.
Nadan sheyh din búzady degen qazaq
Tap ALLA búdan ózing saqtaghay aq.......
(Mirjaqyp Dulatúly)
... Birlik joq, bereke joq, shyn peyil joq.
Sapyryldy baylyghyn, baqqan jylqyn.
Basta mi, qolda malgha talas qylghan
Kýsh synasqan kýndestik búzdy-au shyrqyn.
Bas-basyna biy bolghan ónkey qiqym
Mineki, búzghan joq pa elding siqyn.
(Hakim Abay Qúnanbayúly)
Abai.kz
