Memleket basshysy Qasym-Jomart Toqaev ózining «Tәuelsizdik bәrinen qymbat» atty maqalasynda qazaq halqynyng 70 payyzyn jalmaghan asharshylyqqa qatysty memleket tarapynan bagha beriletin uaqyt jetkenin qadap aitty.

Qazaq halqynyng milliondaghan adamyn qyryp, qalghan bóligin bas saughalap, bosyp ketuge mәjbýr etken alapat asharshylyq taqyryby әli kýnge jan-jaqty zerttelmey kele jatqanyn, tipti osy taqyrypty zertteushi ghalymdar arasynda pikir әraluandylyghy men asharshylyq qúrbandarynyng sanyna qatysty naqtyly payym joqtyghyn aitqan Memleket basshysy tarihy qújatar men mәlimetter asa múqiyat zerttelui kerektigin tapsyrghan edi.

«Bilikti mamandar jýieli zertteumen ainalysyp, soghan sәikes asharshylyq mәselesine memleket tarapynan bagha berilgeni jón. Biz búl kýrdeli mәselege ústamdylyqpen jәne jauapkershilikpen qarauymyz qajet», - degen bolatyn Preziydent Toqaev.

HH ghasyr basyndaghy eki birdey alapat ashtyq – halqymyzdyng últtyq qasireti. Biyl 1921-22 jyldary bolghan zúlmatqa 100 jyl, 1931-33 jyldardaghy nәubetke 90 jyl tolyp otyr. Asharshylyqtyng úrpaqtar sanasyndaghy tereng saldarynan әli aiygha almay kelemiz. Últ sanasyn asharshylyq zardabynan sauyqtyru uaqyttyng enshisinde desek te, Tәuelsizdikpen birge asharshylyq taqyrybyn da ashyq aityp, talqylaugha, zertteuge jol ashyldy.

Agha buyn úrpaq biletindey, Tәuelsizdik alghan alghashqy jyldary-aq asharshylyq qoghamdyq-sayasy mәselelerding biri retinde kýn tәrtibine shyqty. 1991 jyly Jogharghy Kenes asharshylyqqa qatysty arnayy komissiya qúryp, ol 1992 jylgha deyin júmys istedi. Búl – asharshylyq taqyrybynyng ashylu, zerttelu isining memleket ýshin qanday manyzgha ie ekenining bir dәleli. Yaghny Tәuelsizdikpen birge asharshylyqty tanu isi de qatar jýrip keledi.

Memleket Tәuelsizdigining 30 jylynda últtyq qasiret úmyt qalghan joq. Osy uaqyt ishinde birqatar tarihy zertteuler, kórkem shygharmalar jaryq kórip, filimder týsirildi. Asharshylyq AQSh, Europa ghalymdarynyng zertteu nysanasyna ainaldy. Almaty jәne Núr-Súltan qalalarynda asharshylyq qúrbandaryna arnalghan eskertkish qoyyldy. Sonday-aq 31-mamyr – sayasy qughyn-sýrgin jәne asharshylyq qúrbandaryn eske alatyn kýn retinde resmy belgilendi. Ýsh auyz sózge syiyp túrghanmen últtyq tamyrymyzgha balta shauyp, últ sanasyn oirandap ketken orny tolmas apatty tolyq tanugha, tarihy shyndyqty týgel ashyp, zerttep, zerdeleude atalghan ister azdyq etetini aitpasa da týsinikti. Últ qasiretin tanu – ýzilmeytin is. Sondyqtan da asharshylyq zardabyn ashuda әr buyn úrpaq óz qadary halinshe qyzmet etu tiyis.

Qansha auyr әri qasiretti bolsa da asharshylyq – tariyh. Al tariyhqa sәuegeylik boljam, túspal dolbar jýrmeytini belgili. Tarihy – derekke qana taban tireydi. Derektanu – tarihtyng tútqasy. Asharshylyqty zertteu isi de osy búljymas qaghidatqa arqa sýieydi. Áriyne, osyghan deyin jýrgizilgen zertteuler asharshylyq shyndyghyn tolyqtay ashqan joq. Zúlmattyng tereng zyndany jasyrghan qúpiya әli de kóp. Zerttelmegen dýniye, zerdelenbegen qújat, ashylmaghan derek jeterlik. Al nәubetting talay syryn býgip, qúpiyasyn qoynyna alyp jatqan derek, qújat ashylyp, zerttelip, baghasy berilip, tarihy ainalymgha týspeyinshe qasiretting aqiqatyna kóz jetkize almasymyz anyq. Asharshylyqtyng 90 jәne 100 jyldyghy orayyn qúrylghan memlekettik komissiyasynyng aldyna qoyghan eng basty tapsyrmasy – asharshylyqty zertteu isine aiyryqsha kónil bólu jәne zertteuge qúramdas isterge auqym beru. Sol arqyly asharshylyqty tanuda taghy bir ýlken qadam jasau. Komissiya qúramy – qoghamgha jariya. Komissiyagha mýshe tarihshy ghalymdarymyz zertteu isin janasha qarqynmen jýrgizip jatyr. Búl iske memlekettik organdar da tartylyp, júmys jýielendi. Komissiya isi asharshylyqty zerttep, qoghamgha tyng derek úsynyp, ol asharshylyqty tanuymyzgha óz septigin tiygizeri sózsiz.

Komissiya júmysy qoghamnyng nazaryn audaryp otyrghany mәlim. Óitkeni tarihtyng aqtandaq betterining aqiqatyn әrbir azamat bilgisi keledi. Deytúrghanmen, osynday sәtte asyra silteushilikke boy úryp, arandatugha aparatyn әreketter boy kórsetude. Mәselen, keybir jas buynnyng ókilderi komissiyanyng júmysyna qoghamdyq qysym keltirgeli otyr. Olardyng maqsaty - 30-40 jyldary bolishevikter biyligine qyzmet etip, Alash qayratkerlerining sayasy repressiyagha úshyrauyna sebeptes bolghan azamattardyng tizimin arhivten shygharyp, jariya etip, lustrasiya aktin shygharu. Áriyne, olardyng әreketin aqtaudan aulaqpyz, biraq, búnyng arty qazaq qoghamyng ekige bólip, últ ishinde arazdyq tudyrady. Múnday ulitra-últshyldardyng artynda bir sayasy kýshter túruy әbden yqtimal. Onday sayasy kýshterding maqsaty – qoghamdy bólshekteu. Ony tarihty sotqa tartyp, ýkim shygharugha qúlshynyp jýrgen ulitra-últshyl keybir jastardyng qolymen jasamaq jymysqy niyeti boluy da mýmkin. El ishining bólinui, bólshektenui, azamattardyng bir-birimen jaulastyghyna alyp keletin múnday joldyng qasiretke aparatynyna tarihymyzda sabaq óte kóp.

Múny – bilmestik deuge bolmaydy. «Sekseuildi sekseuilge úryp syndyru» sayasatynan qazaq halqynyng kóp azap shekkeni tarihtan belgili. Keybir jas buyn ókilderining tarihtyng qaraly betterin qayta ashu azamattardy bir-birine aidap salyp, joq jerden jaulasugha úlastyratyn uly zardaptargha әkelerin bek bilui tiyis. Qazaqta «Ýy ózimdiki demeniz, ýy syrtynda kisi bar» degen ataly sóz bar. Syrtqy kýshter de búl jaghdaydy paydalanyp, ózderining destruktivti josparlaryn iske asyra bastasa qaytemiz? Búndaygha jol bermeuimiz qajet. Tarihty jeleu etip aghayyn arazdyghyn qozdyru – qogham tynyshtyghyn búzady. Onyng auyr saldargha sogharyn sanaly jastar tereng týsinui tiyis.

Tәuelsizdik alghan alghashqy jyldardan bastap, asharshylyq taqybyry baspasózde ýzdiksiz jazylyp keledi. Búl – quanarlyq әri qúptalyq is. Jәne asharshylyq taqyrybyna qyzyghushylardyng da qarasy kóbeydi. Osy tústa asharshylyq tóniregindegi dauly keybir mәselelerge de toqtala ketsem.

Birinshiden, asharshylyqtan qyrylghan adam sany. Jogharyda aitylghan, Jogharghy Kenes komissiyasynyng 1992 jylghy resmy shygharghan sheshiminde asharshylyqtan qazaq halqynyng 49% qyryldy delingen. Al qazaq jәne shetel ghalymdarynyng zertteulerinde ashtyqtan opat bolghandar, bosyp, jan saughalap alys-jaqyn shet memleketterge shekara asyp ketkender turaly derek әli aluan týrli. Demek asharshylyqtan qyrylghan adam sany әli tereng әri irgeli zertteulerdi qajet etedi. Qazirgi memlekettik komissiya júmysynyng da basty nazaryndaghy mәselening biri de – osy.

Ekinshiden, qos birdey asharshylyq bolghan jyldary Stalindik jýiede әrtýrli qyzmet istegen tarihy túlghalarymyzdy, jergilikti atqarushy oryndar da júmys istegen adamdardy zúlmatqa kinәliler qataryna qosyp, tariyhqa ýkim shygharu әreketteri bayqalatyny bar. Tariyhqa – ýkim jýrmeydi. Stalinizm dәuirining zor qylmysyn tarihy túlghalargha tanugha jәne últtyq qasiretti qaralaudyng qúralyna ainaldyrugha әste bolmaydy. Ótkir tarihy mәselege kelgende, memleket pen qogham tútastyghy әr azamatty oilandyruy tiyis. Últtyq qasiretti ósh aludyn, kek qaytarudyng jәne qalay da kinәlilerdi tauyp әshkereleuge ainaldyrudyng sony orny tolmas ókinishke alyp keledi. Asharshylyqty tanu, zertteu, zerdeleu isinde osynday aghattyq jibermeu – barshamyzgha ortaq mindet.

Ýshinshiden, asharshylyqqa sayasy bagha beru men ony sayasy qúralgha ainaldyryp, sayasilandyru eki týrli nәrse. Asharshylyqqa qatysty memleket tarapynan qolgha alynyp, jasalghan jәne jasalyp jatqan ister – asharshylyqtyng qoghamdyq-sayasy manyzy bar ekenin kórsetedi. Al últtyq qasiretti sayasilandyru qoghamdy biriktiru men úiystyrugha emes, jikteu men bólshekteuge alyp keledi.

Tórtinshiden, asharshylyqty indete zertteu arqyly shyndyghyn ashu asyghystyqty kótermeytin is. Biylghy 90 jәne 100 jyldyq shenberinde asharshylyqtyng bar aqiqatyn ashyp, zúlmatqa tittey de qatysy boldy-au degenning bәrining atyn atap, týsin týstep tarih sotyna salugha úmtylys ta últ basynan ótken úly nәubetti tolyq tanugha aparatyn jol emes! Aysberg sekildi alyp qúpiyany jasyryp jatqan asharshylyqty tanudyn, týsinuding jalghyz joly – derekke negizdelgen shynayy tarihy irgeli zertteuler. Al búl taraptaghy júmys memlekettik komissiya júmysynyng ayasynda jana kezenge ayaq basty.

Asharshylyq – qogham ósip, damyghan sayyn janasha sipatta tanylyp, tyng derektermen tolyghatyny sózsiz. Ár buyn jas úrpaq últtyq qasiretti óz sana biyiginen saraptap, óz baghasyn beredi. Jәne de úly nәubetti zertteu men zerdeleu isin ilgerletip, úrpaq sanasynda últtyq qasiretting tanymyn kýsheytu jolyndaghy júmystar memlekettik tarihi-iydeologiyanyng basym baghytynyng biri bolyp qala bermek.

Núra Matay

Abai.kz