Jeksenbi, 28 Sәuir 2024
Janalyqtar 1558 0 pikir 9 Nauryz, 2021 saghat 22:21

Álemdik bestsellerler audaryluda

"Ruhany janghyru" jobasynyng eng auqymdy әri manyzdy bóligining biri "100 kitap" jobasy ekeni sózsiz. Kitap adamzatty bilimmen susyndatyp, ghylym arqyly kemel keleshekke jol ashatyn birden bir iygilik. Kitap oqu arqyly san týrli ghylymy janalyqtar ashyldy, poeziyalyq tuyndylar jazylyp, dýniyeni dýr silkindirgen romandar ómirge keldi. Kitap adam janyn ruhany baylyqqa keneltip, oilau órisin arttyratyn keremet qúral. 

Ókinishke oray osy uaqytqa deyin qazaq tilindegi әdeby tuyndylar sany kóp bolsa da, әlemdik bestseller sanalatyn filosofiya, psihologiya, menedjment, sayasattanu, әleumettanu jәne basqa gumanitarlyq salalar boyynsha kitaptar sany az boldy. Audarmalar sapasyz әri týsiniksiz edi. «Jana gumanitarlyq bilim. Qazaq tilindegi 100 jana oqulyq» jobasy qolgha alynyp, bizding qogham әlemdik dengeyde moyyndalghan tuyndylardy memlekettik tilde oqy bastady. Búl manyzdy. Onyng ýstine audarma sapasy joghary. Audarmamen arnayy "Últtyq audarma burosy" ainalysty. Audarmashylar retinde týrli tildi mengergen bilikti mamandar qatysty. Joba ayasynda әlemdegi oqulyq shygharugha mamandanghan «Cambridge University Press», «Oxford University Press», «Pearson», «Cengage», «Penguin Random House», «McMillan» jәne basqa da iri halyqaralyq baspa ýilerimen әriptestik qarym-qatynas ornaghan. Sondyqtan da kitaptar sapaly negizde basylyp, týptelude. Barlyq audarylghan kitaptar ghalamtorda ashyq qoldanysta, al baspahanadan shyqqan kitaptar JOO men mektep, kitaphanalargha taratyluda. Jas úrpaq kitapty oqyp, ózining kókjiyek kenistigin keneyte alady.

Gumanitarlyq ghylym óte manyzdy. Sebebi ol adamnyng ishki jan-dýniyesin ózgertuge, kemeldenuge, Abaysha aitqanda tolyq adam bolugha baghdar beredi. Qazirgi qogham armandaytyn tehnokrattyq qoghamdy qúrugha gumanitarlyq ghylymdar kedergi keltirmeydi. Kerisinshe, oghan ýles qosady. Qazaqstan úzaq jyldar boyy Resey imperiyasy men KSRO-nyng otary boldy. Ol sәtte biz ruhany qúndylyqtardan aiyrylyp qaldyq. Yaghny mәdeniyet, til, tarihty damytugha mýmkindik bolmady, tyiym salyndy. Tәuelsizdik qalpyna keltirilgen song biz búl ghylym salalaryn damytugha mýmkindik aldyq. Ruhany janghyru soghan óz ýlesin qosuda. Orasan zor ýlesin.
Ásirese «100 jana kitap» jobasy osy joghalghan tarih pen úmytylghan shejirelerdi qalpyna keltiruge ýlken septigin tiygizude.
Jyl sayyn jana kitaptar tizimi jasalyp, audarylyp keledi. Olar elimizding barlyq JOO men mektepterine taratyluda.

Baghdarlama ayasynda audarylyp jatqan kitaptardyng basym bóligi Oksford, Kembridj, Garvard, Prinston, Yelis uniyversiytetterining oqytu baghdarlamalarynda qoldanylatyn qúndy dýniyeler.

Jaqynda baghdarlama ayasynda Yanson Torening «Til tarihyna kirispe» atty kitaby audaryldy. Yanson Tore zeynetke shyqqangha deyin Getebor uniyversiytetinde shyghys jәne afrikalyq tilder boyynsha professor bolghan túlgha. Oghan deyin ol latyn tili boyynsha sarapshy bolyp qyzmet atqarghan. Birneshe halyqaralyq bestsellerding avtory. «Til tarihyna kirispe» atty kitabynda tilderding kóne zamannan osy uaqytqa deyingi damu tarihyn jazyp, bolashaqta qalay boluy mýmkindigin aitady. Tarihta joghalghan tilderding sebebin keltirip, tildi damytudyng joldaryn kórsetedi. «Tilder qalay payda boldy» degen súraqqa jauap izdep, «nege tilding damuy ghylymnyng damuyna әkeletinin» aita ketedi.

Ol ózining kitabynda qytay, grek, arab, latyn, aghylshyn, ispan, portugal, nemis, slavyan, egiypet jәne kópshilikke tanymal emes afrikalyq taypalardyng tilderi jayly aitady. Olardyng damu tendensiyasyn kórsetedi. Búl kitap qazirgi qazaq qoghamyna óte qajet tuyndy. Sondyqtan da joba ayasynda audarylyp otyr. Qazaqstan memlekettik tildi damytu boyynsha ýlken qiyndyqtardy bastan keshirude. Tipti osydan 40-50 jyl búryn qazaq tili joyylatyn tilderding qataryna da kirgen edi. Sebebi qazaq tilindegi mektepter jabyldy. Al qazir uaqyt basqa. Tildi damytugha mýmkindik bar, memleket ol mýmkindik pen bastamalardy qoldap otyr. Biz osynday tuyndylardy oqu arqyly qazaq tilining qoghamdaghy ýlesin arttyryp, tilimizdi qalay damytamyz degen súraqtyng da jauabyn taba alamyz.

Kelesi audarylghan tuyndy Stiyven Pinkerding «Til týisik retinde» tuyndysy.

Stiyven Pinker — filologiya boyynsha belgili ghalym, Garvard uniyversiytetining professory. Onyng әlemge tanymal «Sóz jәne ereje: tilding qúraushy negizderi» ,«My qalay júmys isteydi?», «Oylau substansiyasy: Til adam tabighatyna aparar tereze» atty tuyndalary bar. Ol bilim salasyna qosqan ýlesi ýshin birneshe mәrte salmaqty marapattargha ie bolghan. Onyng tildi damytugha qatysty maqalalary The New York Times, Time, New Republic syndy sayttar men basylymdarda shyghyp túrady.

«Til týisik retinde» tuyndysy ýshin ol birneshe mәrte marapat aldy. Búl tuyndyda Stiyven Pinker týisikke qatysty jauap izdeydi. Ol adam miy men tilining arasyndaghy baylanys jayly jazady. Bala qalaysha tildi ýirenip, týisigine týietini jayly tolghanady. Oqulyq tek qana studentterge emes, sonymen birge til jayly keninen bilgisi kelgen barlyq túlghagha arnalghan.

«Sapiens: adamzattyng qysqasha tarihy» atty Yu.N. Harariyding tuyndysyn bilmeytin jan joq shyghar. Keremet tuyndy. Tarih jayly jan-dýniyeniz ben oiynyzdy tónkerip tastaytyn enbek. Búl kitap 2011 jyly alghash ret ivrit tilinde jaryq kórip, 2014 jyly aghylshyn tiline audaryldy. Keyinnen kitap әlem elderinde tanymaldyghy artyp, 7 mln danamen basylyp shyghyp, әlemning 45 tiline audaryldy. Sonyng ishinde qazaq tili de bar.

ngvali Noy Harary — tarihshy-mediyevist, IYerusalim qalasyndaghy Europa uniyversiytetining tarih fakulitetining professory. Ol sonymen qatar «Homo Deus: ertengi kýnning qysqasha tarihy» jәne «21 ghasyr ýshin 21 sabaq» enbekterin de jazghan. Ol kitaptary da әlem elderinde tanymaldyqqa ie bolyp, milliondaghan tirajben basylyp shyqty.

«Adamzattyng qysqasha tarihy» kitabynda avtor jer betindegi adamnyng alty týrining biri Homo sapienstyng osydan jýz myng jyl búryn payda bolghandyghy turaly jazady. Avtor jyrtqysh anday ne azu tisi joq, balyqsha jýzudi bilmeytin, qússha úsha almaytyn, terisi de qalyng emes, balasy tamaq tauyp jeuge qabiletti boluy ýshin kemi 15 jyl baghugha mәjbýr bolghan Homo sapienstyng qalaysha tirshilik iyerarhiyasynyng kóshbasshysyna ainalghany turaly tújyrym jasaydy. Ol óz tuyndysynda dindi de, tildi de, tipti mәdeniyet pen aqshany da qozghaydy.

Basqa adam týrleri qayda ketti? Aqsha, din, memleket, sauda týsinikteri qayda jәne qashan payda boldy? Imperiyalar qalay qúrylyp, qalay kýiredi? Nege әielder erlerden tómen túr? degen syndy ózekti әri dauly súraqtar boyynsha erekshe qorytyndylar jasaydy.
Búl tuyndyny әr student pen mektep oqushysy oqugha tiyis. Adamnyng kritikalyq oilauyn dәl osy tuyndyday damytatyn enbek kemde-kem. Tipti әigili B.Geyts «aralda jalghyz qalsam osy kitapty qúshaqtap otyrar edim» dep tegin aitpasa kerek. Tarihymyzdy endi týgendep jatqan biz siyaqty elge tarihty qalay izdeu kerektigin kórsetetin ghajap tuyndy.

«100 jana kitap» jobasynyng qúndylyghy osynda, ol qúndy tuyndylardy tól tilimizge audarudy jalghastyruda.

"100 kitap" jobasynyng nәtiyjesi aldaghy uaqytta kórinedi. Gumanitarlyq salanyng sapasy artyp, dengeyi kóteriledi. Studentter men oqushylar әlemdik dengeydegi kitaptardy oqu arqyly bilimderin terendetedi. Búl óz kezeginde bilikti mamannyng qalyptasuyna yqpal etip, elding damuyna óz ýlesin qosatyn bolady. Sondyqtan búl jobany tek qana bilim salasyna qúiylghan investisiya ghana retinde qarastyrmay, elimizding týrli salasyna qúiylghan investisiya retinde baghalau kerek.

Abai.kz

 

0 pikir