- Aldymen qazaq pen qytaydyng ejelgi kórshilik tarihy men qarym-qatynasyna toqtala ketseniz...

- Áriyne, Qazaqstan men Qy­tay­dyng býgingi qarym-qatynasy turaly әngime aitu ýshin, eng aldymen eki elding tarih qoyna­uyndaghy baylanysyna nazar audaruymyz kerek. Óitkeni Qytay men kóshpendi týrikter - ejelden kórshi el.

Qytay - birer mynjyldyq­tar búryn Tynyq múhiytqa qúyatyn Yanzy ózenining boyyn­daghy otyryqshy shaghyn halyq­tan ósip-óngen memleket. Hún­dar men qytaylardyng arasyn­daghy qaqtyghys bizding jyl sanauymyzdyng II ghasyrynda shiyelenisti dengeyge jetken. Huang Hy (Sary ózen. - Avt.) Qytaydaghy eng ýlken ózenderding biri. Onyng aghys baghyty «P» әrpine úqsaydy. Qúyary - Tynyq múhiyt. Ejelgi dәuirde osy Huang Hynyng qoynauy bizding arghy ata-babalarymyz - húndar­dyng qystaulyghy bolghan. Óit­keni Huang Hy aumaghynyng qysy jayly: qary baqayshyqtan aspaytyn júqa, ózen many qamysty, nu-qoghaly, malgha ot, malshygha yqtasyn bolypty. Húndardyng qys qyspaghynan qorghanatyn eng negizgi atamekeni osy aimaq bolghany - ghylymda talas tudyrmaytyn aqiqat.

- Aldymen qazaq pen qytaydyng ejelgi kórshilik tarihy men qarym-qatynasyna toqtala ketseniz...

- Áriyne, Qazaqstan men Qy­tay­dyng býgingi qarym-qatynasy turaly әngime aitu ýshin, eng aldymen eki elding tarih qoyna­uyndaghy baylanysyna nazar audaruymyz kerek. Óitkeni Qytay men kóshpendi týrikter - ejelden kórshi el.

Qytay - birer mynjyldyq­tar búryn Tynyq múhiytqa qúyatyn Yanzy ózenining boyyn­daghy otyryqshy shaghyn halyq­tan ósip-óngen memleket. Hún­dar men qytaylardyng arasyn­daghy qaqtyghys bizding jyl sanauymyzdyng II ghasyrynda shiyelenisti dengeyge jetken. Huang Hy (Sary ózen. - Avt.) Qytaydaghy eng ýlken ózenderding biri. Onyng aghys baghyty «P» әrpine úqsaydy. Qúyary - Tynyq múhiyt. Ejelgi dәuirde osy Huang Hynyng qoynauy bizding arghy ata-babalarymyz - húndar­dyng qystaulyghy bolghan. Óit­keni Huang Hy aumaghynyng qysy jayly: qary baqayshyqtan aspaytyn júqa, ózen many qamysty, nu-qoghaly, malgha ot, malshygha yqtasyn bolypty. Húndardyng qys qyspaghynan qorghanatyn eng negizgi atamekeni osy aimaq bolghany - ghylymda talas tudyrmaytyn aqiqat.

Shyghys ontýstikte otyrghan otyryqshy Qytay taypalary­nyng jan sany óse kele, jer kerek bola bastaydy. Sóitip, mysyq tabandap, kóshpendiler­ding jerine syrghy beredi, syrghy beredi. Osy jyldar aralyghyn­da jer ýshin qytaylar men kósh­pendiler ortasynda birneshe ret qaqtyghystar oryn alady. Aqyry, kóshpendilerding qútty qonysy, qystyq mekeni bolghan Huang Hy qoynauy birte-birte jyljyghan Qytay taypalary­nyng qonysyna ainala bastady. Bizding baba-tarihymyzdaghy eng alghashqy qotarylghan kósh II ghasyrda osylay bastau alyp, Atilla húndary V ghasyrda Batys Europagha deyin jetken...

Qytay últynyng kóshpendi kórshilerine qarsy ejelden ústanyp kele jatqan soghys tәsilderi bar: «Alystaghysymen dostasyp, jaqyndaghysyna soqqy beru», «әlsizimen birigip, әldisining kózin qúrtu» t.s.s. әdis-aylany birneshe myng jyldar boyy qoldanyp keledi. Kósh­pendi hún, ýisin, kóktýrik, úi­ghyr, Shynghys qaghan qúrghan tý­rik-monghol memleketi, keyin Qazaq pen Jonghar handyq­ta­ryna da qarsy osynday aila-tәsilder qoldanyp keldi.

Kóshpendiler mal baqqan son, tabighatqa tәueldi bolady. Jút, tabighy apat bolghan jyldary kóshpendilerding keybir taypalary otyryqshy qytaylardy manaylap qonystanatyn da kezderi bolyp túrghan. Olardy qytaylar shen-shekpen, jibek mata, qyz-qyrqyn berip, al­dap-arbau amaldary arqyly ekinshi bir kóshpendi taypalargha qarsy paydalanatyn bolghan. Sóitip, týrikke týrikti qarsy salatyn әskery taktika qoldanu arqyly óz maqsattaryna jetip otyrghan. Nәtiyjesinde býginge deyingi eki myng jyldyng ishinde qazirgi aumaqqa ie bolady. Qytay týrikke týrikti aidap salu әdisin býgin de qoldanyp otyr. Mәselen, Qytaydaghy qa­zaqtar men úighyrlar arasyn­daghy ókpe-renish osynday kәnigi sayasattyng saldarynan tuyndap otyr. Búl - «alystaghy­symen dostasyp, jaqynda­ghysyna soqqy berudin» ejelgi amaly.

- Al endi negizgi taqyrypqa oralsanyz: qazaq jerin Qytaygha jalgha beru qanshalyqty shyndyqqa janasady?

- Qazaq: «Jel soqpasa, shóp basy qimyldamaydy», - dep jatady. Meninshe, búl tegin emes... Qazirgi Qytay - ekonomikasy kóterilgen, halqynyng sany mol, әlemdegi yqpaldy memleketterding biri. Olardyng sayasattaghy qulyqtaryna qúryq boylamaydy.

Mysaly, olar qanshama elde shaghyn Qytay qalashyq­taryn qalyptas­tyr­dy. Endigi kózdegen elderi - Qa­zaq­stan men Resey. Negizinen bizge auyz sala bastaghandaryna biraz jyldyng jýzi boldy. Aldymen múnay, gazymyzdy satyp ala bastap edi, endi jeri­mizge kóz alartyp ýlgerdi. Qy­tay osydan eki jyl búryn Qa­zaqstannan auyl sharuashy­ly­ghyna jaramdy 1 million gektar jerdi 99 jylgha jalgha al­maqshy eken-mis degen әngime shygha bastady. Eseptep qara­nyzshy, 1 million gektar jerdi óndeuge qansha qytay azamaty qajet? Sonday-aq, 99 jyl ishin­de onyng ósimi ne bolmaq? Qy­tay ózi - tabigha­tynan tez ósetin halyq.

Bizding biylik qytaylyqtar jer­di tek jalgha alady jәne jú­mys kýshin ózderi әkeledi, biz - qojayynbyz degendi aitady. Alayda 1988 jyldan bastap qytaylyqtar jappay aghylghan Europany, ózge memleketterdi mysalgha alsaq, sonyng ózi Qytay qaupin anghartpay ma. Mysaly, osydan jiyrma jyl búryn Shyghys Europagha barghan qytay tasqyny qazir sol elderding bas auruyna ainaldy. Qytaylar Europanyng ózinde tez qarqynmen ósip jatyr, al ólim-jitimi turaly mәlimet berilmeydi. Nege? Óitkeni Europany qalay da basyp aluy kerek. Ol ýshin ólgen adamnyng ornyna ekinshi bir qytay keledi. Sóitip, «esh ólimsiz» ósip-ónip jatyr.

Qytayda qazir mektep qa­byr­ghasyndaghy oqushylargha Reseyding Qiyr Shyghysy, yaghny Baykalgha deyingi, Qazaqstannyng Balqashqa deyingi aumaghy týgel­dey «Aspan asty elinin» tarihy aumaghy dep oqytylady. Búl turaly biraz jyldardan beri baspasózde aitylyp, jazylyp jatyr. Úrpaq sanasyna osy aumaqtardy kezinde orystar tartyp alghan degen oidy si­nire­di eken. Al búl jerlerdegi búrynghy húndar men kóktýrik­terding úrpaghy olar ýshin esh- qashan derbes el bolmaghan, «úly Qytaydyn» qúramdas bó­ligi retinde qaralady. Olar, - býgingi Qytay ýshin, - qytay.

- Qytaydyng sayasy qaterin aittynyz, endi ekonomikalyq qaupi turaly ne aitasyz?

- Búlardyng sayasy qulyghy-na - ekonomikasy, ekonomika­lyq ailasyna sayasaty qaby­syp jatady. Biyl Tәjikstan Qy­tay­gha jalgha jer berdi. Eger búl tәjiriybe oidaghyday bolyp jatsa, Qytay bizding elge auyz salmaq. Al biz tәjik siyaqty jer emgen halyq emespiz. Qazaq­stan ýkimeti elde bir million júmys kýshi jetispeydi degen sózdi 2006 jyly aitty.

Qazaqstanda zang boyynsha, 50 myng mýshesi bar sayasy partiyany tirkeuge bolady. Al 1 miyl­lion gektar jerge qansha qytay keledi. Demek, irgege kel­gen Qytay erteng sayasatqa aralasyp, ózimizge biylik jýr­giz­besine kim kepil?

Ekonomikalyq túrghydan alyp qaraghanda, Qytaygha jalgha jer beru sayasatynyng qaupi әli aldymyzda.

Jalpy, Qytaydyng ekono­miy­kalyq sayasaty óte tereng jәne jan-jaqty jasal­ghan. Osy­dan jeti jyl búryn, yaghny 2003 jyly Qytayda ón­diril­gen túr­mystyq elektronika ónimde­rining әlemdegi satylymy 6 payyzdy qúraghan. Al bir jyldan keyin búl kórsetkish 47 payyzgha kóterilipti.

Yaghny dýnie jýzi boyynsha satylghan búnday tauardyng әr ekinshisi Qytayda óndirilgen dengeyge kóterilgen. Búdan Qytaydyng әlem­dik ekonomikada óte tez qar­qynmen әlem naryghyn jaulap bara jatqanyn angharugha bolady.

Onyng ýstine, qazir Qytayda qordalanghan aqsha kóp. Olar ony Kanadadan bastap, Afrika, Aziya elderindegi shiykizat kózderine qúyady. Mysaly, Qa­zaqstannan múnay, gaz satyp alady. Onsyz da olardyng Qa­zaqstan múnayyndaghy ýlesi qazirding ózinde 25 payyzdy qúraydy. Dәl múnday biylikting túsynda Qytay qazaqtyng bar baylyghyn satyp alsa, aqshasy da, ailasy da jetedi.

Janadan salyna bastaghan Batys Europa men Batys Qy­taydy jalghaytyn qúrlyq joly Qytay ekonomikasynyng әlem­dik naryqty jaulaugha shyghatyn taghy bir qomaqty negizi bolmaq. Ol Qytay ekonomikasy ýshin jasalyp jatqan erekshe tiyim­dilik desek, artyq aitqandyq bolmas. Qytaydyng Qazaqstangha ghana emes, dýniyening barlyq eli­ne qauip tóndirip túrghan el eke­nin osynyng ózi de anghartpay ma?

Qytayda Qazaqstandy ghana zertteytin onshaqty institut bar eken, al bizde Qytay ekonomikasyn, sayasatyn, memleket qúrylymyn zertteytin institut emes, birde-bir kafedra joq. Múnymyz - auzyn aida­har­­day ashyp otyrghan alyp elge ýnsiz jútylu degen sóz.

Bizding elde qytaytanushy bilikti mamandar bar, biraq solardy Qytay qaupinen saq­tanugha, jóni týzu diploma­tiyalyq qatynas jýrgizuge paydalanbaymyz. Biz­diki - bir ghana adamnyn, aita­lyq, Nazar­baev­tyng aitqanyna kónip, ai­dagha­nyna ketip bara jatqan tirlik. Basqa my jýgirtip oilanatyn eshqanday qiyn dýnie joq.

- Al endi bir sayasattanushylar Qazaqstannyng Qytaygha ýiirshektigi Reseyding yqpalynan shyghudyng amaly degen pikir aitady...

- Men Qazaqstannyng Resey yqpalynan shyghu ýshin Qytaydy jaghalap, alyp eki elding ortasynan ózindik jol tapqan stra­tegiyalyq sayasatyn kórip otyr­ghan joqpyn. Bayqaytynym, bar­lyghy da - býgingi biylikti bekem etuding ghana qamy. Ol Reseyding qoltyghyna tyghylyp, ózining qara basyn qútqara almasyn biledi.

Óitkeni qazirgi Resey qaltyldaghan shal siyaq­ty. Bar seneri - múnayy men gazy ghana. Al Amerika ony qorghamaydy. Aynalyp kelgende, Nazar­baevtyng senetini - Qytay. Óitkeni Qytay - aida­har. Oghan AQSh-tyng ózi asa saqtyqpen qaraydy.

«Obshestvennaya pozisiya»

(proekt «DAT» № 09 (92) 09 nauryz 2011 jyl

Súhbattasqan Júqamyr ShÓKE