Halqymyzdyng tarihyndaghy qara tanbalardyng biri – ótken ghasyrdyng 30-50 jyldar aralyghynda jýrgizilgen qanqúily sayasat – jappay sayasy qughyn-sýrginning zardaptary jayynda keyingi jyldary jýieli jazylyp keledi. Sandaghan jyldar boyy múraghat sórelerinde sarghayghan qújattar mýmkindiginshe jaryqqa shyghyp jatyr. Sonyng arqasynda 1927-1953 jj. deyin sayasy qughyn-sýrgin qúrbany bolghan adamdardyng qaraly tizimi jariya boldy. Úzaq jyldardan keyin ghana kóptegen alashtyng ardaqty azamattarynyng esimderi halqymyzgha qayta oraldy.

Osy qanqúily jyldardyng oqighasyn, onyng jazyqsyz qúrbany bolghan adamdardyng esimderin mәngi úmytpay, olardy әrqashan este saqtau, ótkenge salauat etip, aqtandaqtar aqiqatyna terenirek mәn berip, úghynu – býgingi úrpaq paryzy.

Sol maqsatta, osy taqyrypty qauzap jýrgenimizge de birshama uaqyt boldy. Jaqynda Tallin qalasynda (Estoniya) júmys jasap otyryp, mening qolyma zertteushi  Hildo Sabbonyng jinaghan enbegindegi sol kezdegi Ishki Ister Halyq Komissary N.Ejovtyng (surette) repressiya nauqanyna qatysty shygharghan bir búiryghy týsti. Sol súrapyl kýnderding naqtyly bir kórinisi retinde búiryqty yqshamdap audaryp, kópshilik nazaryna úsynghandy jón kórdim.

KSR Odaghy Ishki Ister Halyq Komissarynyn

JEDEL BÚIRYGhY

 

№00447

 

Búrynghy kulaktardy, qylmyskerlerdi jәne basqa da keneske qarsy elementterdi repressiyalau jónindegi operasiya turaly 

 

30 shilde, 1937 j.                                                                            Moskva q.

 

Keneske qarsy qúrylymdar jónindegi tergeu isterining materialdary boyynsha derevnyalarda búrynyraqta repressiyalanghan, repressiyadan jasyrynyp jýrgen, lagerilerden, aidaudan jәne enbek poselkelerinen qashyp ketken búrynghy kulaktardyng boy tasalap jýrgeni anyqtalyp otyr.  Búryn repressiyagha úshyraghan shirkeu qyzmetshileri men sektanttar, keneske qarsy qaruly qaqtyghystargha belsendi qatysushylar da kóptep kezdesedi. Derevnyadaghy keneske qarsy sayasy partiyalardyng qomaqty kadrlar shoghyry (eserler, gruzmekter, dashnaktar, mussavatister, ittihadister jәne t.b.), sonday-aq búrynghy bandalyq bas kóterulerding belsendi qatysushylary, aqtar, jazalaushylar, repatrianttar, t.s.s. týgelge juyq jazasyz jýr.

Jogharyda atalghan elementterding bir bóligi derevnyadan qalagha kelip, ónerkәsip, kólik jәne qúrylys kәsiporyndaryna kirip alghan.

Sonymen qatar, derevnyalar men qalalarda kýni býginge deyin qylmyskerlerding basym bóligi – jazasyn ótep jýrip, qamau oryndarynan qashqan, repressiyadan jasyrynyp jýrgen mal úrlaushylar, qaytalap qylmys jasaushylar, tonaushylar t.b. tyghylyp jýr. Atalghan qylmyskerler kontingentimen kýresting bolymsyzdyghy olar ýshin qaytadan qylmys jasaugha qolayly jaghday tughyzyp otyr.

Tergeuler barysynda anyqtalghanday, osy barlyq keneske qarsy elementter kolhozdar men sovhozdarda, kólikterde jәne ónerkәsipting birqatar salalarynda týrli keneske qarsy jәne diyversiyalyq qylmystardyng órshuine sebep bolyp tabylady.

Memlekettik qauipsizdik organdarynyng aldynda ýlken mindet túr – osy barlyq keneske qarsy elementterding bandalaryn ayausyz basyp-janshu kerek, kenes halqy enbekshilerin revolusiyagha qarsy bas kóterulerden qorghau qajet, sóitip, olardyng kenes memleketining negizderine qarsy jýrgizip otyrghan jylmysqy is-әreketterining birjola kózin qúrtu kerek.

Osyghan sәikes BÚIRYQ ETEMIN – 1937 JYLDYNG 5 TAMYZYNAN BASTAP BARLYQ RESPUBLIKALARDA, ÓLKELER MEN OBLYSTARDA BÚRYNGhY KULAKTARDY, BELSENDI KENESKE QARSY ELEMENTTER MEN QYLMYSKERLERDI REPRESSIYaLAU BOYYNShA OPERASIYaLAR BASTALSYN.

ÓZBEK, TÝRKIMEN, TÁJIK JÁNE QYRGhYZ RESPUBLIKALARYNDA OPERASIYa OSY JYLDYNG 10 TAMYZYNAN, AL QIYR ShYGhYS PEN KRASNOYaR ÓLKESINDE JÁNE ShYGhYS SIBIR OBLYSTARYNDA OSY JYLDYNG 15 TAMYZYNAN BASTALSYN.

Operasiyalardy úiymdastyru men ótkizude tómendegi qaghidalar basshylyqqa alynsyn:

 

I Repressiyagha jatatyn kontingent

 

1. Jazasyn ótep kelgen song da halyq arasynda belsendi týrde keneske qarsy baghyttalghan iritki salu әreketterin jalghastyryp jýrgen búrynghy kulaktar.

2. Lagerilerden nemese enbek poselkesinen qashqan búrynghy kulaktar, sonday-aq, kulaktyqtan aryltudan boy tasalap jýrgen, keneske qarsy is-әrekettermen shúghyldanyp jýrgen kulaktar.

3. Kóterilisshilik, fashistik, lankestik jәne bandittik qúrylymdarda birikken búrynghy kulaktar jәne әleumettik qauipti elementter.

4. Antiykenestik partiyalar mýsheleri (eserler, gruzmekter, mussavatister, ittihadister jәne danshaktar), repressiyadan boy jasyryp jýrgen, qamau oryndarynan qashyp shyghyp, antiykenestik is-әreketterin jalghastyryp jýrgen búrynghy aqtar, jandarmdar, sheneunikter, jazalaushylar, banditter, bandalargha yqpal etushiler, reemigranttar t.b.

5. Tergeu jәne naqtyly agenturalyq materialdarmen әshkerelengen barynsha dúshpandyq pighyldaghy jәne belsendi әreket etip jýrgen kazachestvo, aq gvardiyashylardyng kóterilisteri men fashistik, lankestik jәne shpiondyq, diyversiyalyq qúrylymdaryna qatysushylar.

6. Qazirde týrmede otyrghan, enbek poselkeleri men koloniyalarynda jazasyn ótep jýrgen, sonda da bolsa antiykenestik iritki salu әreketterin jalghastyryp jatqan búrynghy kulaktar, jazalaushylar, banditter, aqtar, sektanttar, shirkeu qyzmetshileri t.s.s. qataryndaghy belsendi antiykenestik elementter.

7.  Qylmystyq ortamen baylanysy bar, qylmystyq is-әreketterin jalghastyryp jýrgen qylmyskerler (banditter, tonaushylar, úrylar, kәsipqoy kontrabanditter, aferist-residivister, mal úrlaushylar).

8. Lageriler men enbek poselkelerinde jazasyn ótep jatqan, sonda da bolsa qylmystyq is-әreketterin jalghastyryp jýrgen qylmystyq elementter.

9. Qazirgi tanda derevnyalarda – kolhozdarda, sovhozdarda, auyl sharuashylyghy kәsiporyndarynda jәne qalalarda – ónerkәsip jәne sauda kәsiporyndarynda, kólik salasynda, kenes mekemelerinde, qúrylysta enbek etip jatqan, jogharyda atalghan barlyq kontingent repressiyagha jatady.

II Repressiyalanghandardy jazalau sharalary jәne repressiyagha jatatyndardyng sany turaly

1. Barlyq repressiyalanatyn kulaktar, qylmyskerler jәne basqa antiykenestik elementter eki kategoriyagha bólinedi:

a) birinshi kategoriyagha jogharyda atalghan elementterding qatarynan barynsha dúshpandyq pighyldaghy barlyq qylmyskerler jatady. Olar jedel tútqyngha alynugha, isterin ýshtikte qarap bolghannan song ATU JAZASYNA kesiluge tiyis.

b) ekinshi kategoriyagha belsendi emes, sonda da bolsa dúshpandyq kózqarastaghy barlyq basqa elementter jatady. Olar tútqyngha alynyp, 8-10 jyl aralyghyndaghy merzimge lagerilerge qamalugha tiyis, al olardyng arasyndaghy barynsha qastyq niyettegi jәne әleumettik qauipti qylmyskerler ýshtikting sheshimimen týrmelerge jabyluy kerek.

2. Respublikalyq ishki ister halyq komissariattarynyng (NKVD) halyq komissarlary jәne ólkelik jәne oblystyq NKVD basqarmalarynyng bastyqtary úsynghan eseptik mәlimetterge sәikes repressiyagha jatatyndardyng úzyn sany mynaday:

 

                                               1-kategoriya       2-kategoriya       Barlyghy

 

Ázirbayjan KSR-i                          1500           3750                    5250

Armyan KSR-i                                   500             1000                    1500

Belorusi KSR-i                              2000           10000                 12000

Gruzin KSR-i                                  2000           3000                    5000

Qyrghyz KSR-i                                 250             500                      750

Tәjik KSR-i                                    500             1300                    1800

Týrkimen KSR-i                              500             1500                    2000

Ózbek KSR-i                                    750             4000                    4750

Bashqúrt AKSR-i                             500             1500                    2000

Buryat-Monghol AKSR-i                    350             1500                    1850

Daghystan AKSR-i                           500             2500                    3000

Kareli AKSR-i                               300             700                      1000

Kabardiyn-Balkar AKSR-i               300             700                      1000

Qyrym AKSR-i                               300             1200                    1500

Qalmaq AKSR-i                               100             300                      400

Komy AKS-i                                    100             300                      400

Mariy AKSR-i                                300             1500                    1800

Mordva AKSR-i                              300             1500                    1800

Volga boyy nemisteri AKSR-i          200             700                      900

Soltýstik Osetin AKSR-i                200             500                      700

Tatar AKSR-i                                 500             1500                    2000

Udmurt AKSR-i                               200             500                      700

Cheshen-Ingush AKSR-i                    500             1500                    2000

Azov-Qara teniz ólkesi                 5000           8000                    13000

Qiyr Shyghys ólkesi                     2000           4000                    6000

Batys Sibir ólkesi                         5000           12000                            17000

Krasnoyar ólkesi                             750             2500                    3250

Ordjanikidze ólkesi                    1000           4000                    5000

Shyghys Sibir ólkesi                       1000           4000                    5000

Voronej oblysy                           1000           3500                    4500

Gorikiy oblysy                           1000           3500                    4500

Batys oblysy                               1000           5000                    6000

Ivanovo oblysy                         750             2000                    2750

Kalinin oblysy                         1000           3000                    4000

Kursk oblysy                                1000           3000                    4000

Kuybyshev oblysy                         1000           3000                    4000

Kirov oblysy                                500             1500                    2000

Leningrad oblysy                         4000           10000                 14000

Moskva oblysy                              5000           30000                  35000

Omby oblysy                                 1000           25000                 3500

Orynbor oblysy                          1500           3000                    4500

Saratov oblysy                            1000           2000                    3000

Stalingrad oblysy                       1000           3000                    4000

Sverdlov oblysy                           4000           6000                    10000

Soltýstik oblysy                          750             2000                    2750

Chelyabinsk oblysy                         1500           4500                    6000

Yaroslavli oblysy                         750             1250                    2000

 

Ukrain KSR-i

Harikov oblysy                          1500           4500                    6000

Kiyev oblysy                              2000           3500                    5500

Vinnisa oblysy                        1000           3000                    4000

Donesk oblysy                          1000           3000                    4000

Odessa oblysy                           1000           3500                    4500

Dnepropetrovsk oblysy            1000           2000                    3000

Chernigov oblysy                     300             1300                    1600

Moldova AKSR-i                          200             500                      700                             

Qazaq KSR-i

1. Soltýstik Qazaqstan oblysy      650            300                      950

2. Ontýstik Qazaqstan oblysy       350             600                      950

3. Batys Qazaqstan oblysy           100             200                      300

4. Qostanay oblysy                      150             450                      600

5. Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy        300             1050                    1350

6. Aqtóbe oblysy                        350             1000                    1350

7. Qaraghandy oblysy                    400             600                      1000

8. Almaty oblysy                         200             800                      1000

 

NKVD lagerileri                  10000                                              10000

 

3. Bekitilgen sifrlar baghdarlyq-jobalyq bolyp tabylady. Degenmen respublikalyq NKVD halkomdary men ólkelik jәne oblystyq NKVD basqarmasynyng bastyqtary ony óz betterinshe ósiruge qúqyly emes. Kez kelgen múnday әreketterge jol berilmeydi.

Bekitilgen sifrlardyng sanyn arttyru qajet bolghan jaghdaylarda respublikalyq NKVD halkomdary men ólkelik jәne oblystyq NKVD basqarmasynyng bastyqtary maghan jan-jaqty negizdelgen tiyisti kepilhattaryn úsynugha mindetti.

Sifrlardy azaytugha jәne repressiyagha jatatyn túlghalardy bir kategoriyadan bir kategoriyagha auystyrugha rúqsat etiledi.

4. Birinshi jәne ekinshi kategoriya boyynsha sottalghandardyng otbasylary repressiyalaugha jatpaydy.

Tek mynalargha repressiya taratylady:

a) mýsheleri belsendi antiykenestik is-әreketterge beyim otbasylar. Múnday otbasylardyng mýsheleri ýshtikting erekshe sheshimi boyynsha lageriler men enbek poselkelerine qamalugha jatady.

b) birinshi kategoriya boyynsha repressiyalanghan, shekara sheginde jatqan otbasylardyng mýsheleri respublika, ólke jәne oblystardyng ishki shekara shegine qonys audarugha jatady.

v) birinshi kategoriya boyynsha repressiyalanghan, Moskva, Leningrad, Kiyev, Tbilisi, Baku, Dondaghy Rostov, Taganrog qalalarynda jәne Sochi, Gagra, Suhumy audandarynda túratyn otbasylar búl punktterden basqa jerlerge, olardyng óz qalaulary boyynsha, tek shekaralyq audandargha emes, qonys audarugha jatady.

5. Birinshi jәne ekinshi kategoriya boyynsha repressiyalanghan túlghalardyng otbasylary esepke alynyp, olargha jýieli týrde baqylau jýrgizilsin.

 

III Operasiyany jýrgizu tәrtibi

 

1. Operasiya 1937 jyldyng 5 tamyzynan bastalyp, tórt ay merzim ishinde ayaqtalsyn.

Týrkimen, Tәjik, Ózbek, jәne Qyrghyz KSR-inde operasiya 10 tamyzdan, Shyghys Sibir oblysynda, Qrasnoyarsk jәne Qiyr shyghys ólkesinde 15 tamyzdan bastalsyn.

2. Birinshi kategoriyagha jatqyzylghan kontingent birinshi kezekte repressiyagha tartylady.

Ekinshi kategoriyagha jatqyzylghan kontingentter osyghan qatysty erekshe ókim shyqqansha repressiyagha tartylmaydy.

Eger respublikalyq NKVD halkomy, NKVD-ning basqarma nemese oblystyq bólimining bastyghy birinshi kategoriyanyng kontingenti boyynsha operasiyany ayaqtap, ekinshi kategoriyagha jatatyn kontingentke qatysty operasiyany bastau mýmkin dep sheshken jaghdayda, ol atalmysh operasiyagha kirispes búryn mening sanksiyamdy súraugha tiyis, sony alghan song ghana operasiyany bastay alady.

Lagerilerge nemese týrmelerge, týrli merzimge sottalghandargha qatysty, ýkimderding shyghu retine qaray, qansha adam, qanday týrmeler men lagerilerge, qanday merzimge sottalghany jóninde maghan tikeley habarlanyp otyrsyn. Osy mәlimetterdi alghan song men sottalghandardy qanday tәrtippen, qanday lagerilerge jiberu turaly núsqau beremin. 

3. Jergilikti jaghdaylargha baylanysty respublika, ólke jәne oblystardyng aumaqtary oralymdy sektorlargha bólinedi.

Operasiyany úiymdastyru jәne ótkizu ýshin әrbir sektor boyynsha jedel top qúrylady, oghan respublika NKVD-sinin, NKVD oblystyq nemese ólkelik basqarmasynyng osy kýrdeli mindetti oidaghyday orynday alady degen jauapty qyzmetkeri basshylyq jasaydy.

Keybir jaghdaylarda jedel toptardyng bastyghy bolyp audandyq jәne qalalyq bólimshelerding tәjiriybeli jәne qabiletti bastyqtary taghayyndaluy mýmkin.

4. Jedel toptar qajetti qyzmetshiler qúramymen tolyqtyrylyp, kólik jәne baylanys qúraldarymen jabdyqtalsyn. Oralymdy jaghdaylardyng talaptaryna sәikes toptargha әskery nemese milisiyalyq bólimsheler mәrtebesi berilsin.

5. Jedel toptardyng bastyqtaryna repressiyagha jatqyzylghandardyng esebin jýrgizu, tergeu júmystaryna basshylyq jasau, aiyptau qorytyndylaryn bekitu jәne ýshtikting ýkimderin oryndaudy jýzege asyru jýktelsin. Jedel toptyng bastyghy óz sektorynda operasiyany úiymdastyrugha jәne jýrgizuge jauap beredi.

6. Árbir repressiyagha úshyraghan adamgha qatysty jan-jaqty, naqtyly mәlimetter jinaqtalugha tiyis. Olardyng negizinde tútqyngha alynugha tiyistilerding tizimi jasalady, oghan jedel toptyng bastyghy qol qoyady, eki dana bolyp dayyndalyp, ishki ister halyq komissarynyng qarauy men bekituine jiberiledi.

Ishki ister halkomy, NKVD basqarmasynyng bastyghy tizimdi qarap, olardy keltirilgen adamdardy tútqyndaugha sanksiya beredi.

7. Bekitilgen tizim negizinde jedel toptyng bastyghy tútqyngha aludy jýzege asyrady. Árbir tútqyngha alu ordermen rәsimdeledi. Tútqyngha alu kezinde tynghylyqty tintu jýrgiziledi. Mindetti týrde alynatyn zattar: qaru, oq-dәriler, әskery qúrylghylar, jarylghysh zattar, ulandyrghysh jәne uly zattar, revolusiyagha qarsy әdebiyetter, moneta, qúima jәne búiym týrindegi qymbat metalldar, shetel valutasy, kóbeytetin apparattar jәne hat-habarlar. Barlyq alynghan zattar tintu hattamasyna tirkeledi.

8. Tútqyngha alynghandar ishki ister halyq komissary, NKVD-ning basqarma bastyqtarynyng búiryqtary boyynsha arnayy punktterde ústalady. Tútqyndardy ústau punktterinde tútqyndardy ornalastyrugha jaraytyn ghimarattar boluy kerek.

9. Tútqyngha alynghandar qatang týrde kýzetiledi. Qashyp ketuding nemese basqa da ekssessterding aldyn alatyn barlyq is-sharalar úiymdastyrylady.

 

IV. Tergeu jýrgizu tәrtibi

 

1. Árbir tútqyngha nemese tútqyngha alynghan topqa tergeu isi ashylady. Tergeu jyldam jәne onaylatylghan tәrtippen jýrgiziledi. Tergeu barysynda tútqynnyng barlyq qylmystyq baylanystary anyqtalugha tiyis.

2. Tergeu ayaqtalghan song is ýshtikting qarauyna jiberiledi.

Iske tirkeledi: tútqyngha alu orderi, tintu hattamasy, tintu kezinde alynghan materialdar, jeke qújattary, tútqynnyng anketasy, agentura-eseptik materialdar, jauap alu hattamasy jәne qysqasha aiyptau qorytyndysy.

 

V Ýshtikting júmysyn úiymdastyru jәne jýrgizu

 

1. Ýshtikterding tómendegidey respublikalyq, ólkelik jәne oblystyq qúramyn bekitemin:

 

Ázirbayjan KSR-i – tóraghasy – Sumbatov, mýsheleri – Teymurkuliyev, Jәngir Ahund Zade

Armyan KSR-i – tóraghasy – Mugdusi, mýsheleri – Mikvelyan, Ternakalov

Belorusi KSR-i – tóraghasy – Berman, mýsheleri – Seliyverstov, Potapenko

Gruzin KSR-i – tóraghasy – Ranava, mýsheleri – Talahadze, Sereteliy

Qyrghyz KSR-i – tóraghasy – Chetvertakov, mýsheleri – Jiyenbaev, Gusuev

Tәjik KSR-i – tóraghasy – Tarasuk, mýsheleri – Ashurov, Baykov

Týrkimen KSR-i – tóraghasy – Nodev, mýsheleri – Anna Múhamedov, Tashly Anna Muradov

Ózbek KSR-i – tóraghasy – Zagvozdiyn, mýsheleri – Ikramov, Baltabaev

Bashqúrt AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Bak, mýsheleri – Isanchuriyn, Sypnyatov

Buryat-Monghol AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Babkevich, mýsheleri – Dorjiyev, Gross

Daghystan AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Lomonosov, mýsheleri – Samurskiy, Shiyperov

Kareli AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Tenson, mýsheleri – Mihaylovich, Nikoliskiy

Kabardiyn-Balkar AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Antonov, mýsheleri – Kalmykov, Hagurov

Qyrym AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Pavlov, mýsheleri – Trunchu, Monakov

Komy AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Kovalev, mýsheleri – Semichev, Litiyn

Qalmaq AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Ozerkiyn, mýsheleri – Honhoshev, Kilganov

Mariy AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Karacharov, mýsheleri – Vrubeliskiy, Bystryakov

Mordva AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Veyzager, mýsheleri – Mihaylov, Polyakov

Volga boyy nemisterining AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Dalinger, mýsheleri – Luft, Anisimov

Soltýstik Osetin AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Ivanov, mýsheleri – Togoev, Kokov

Tatar AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Alimasov, mýsheleri – Lepa, Muhamedzyanov

Udmurt AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Shlenov, mýsheleri – Baryshnikov, Shevelikov

Cheshen-Ingush AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Dementiev, mýsheleri – Egorov, Vahaev

Chuvash AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Rozanov, mýsheleri – Petrov, Elifanov

Azov-Qara teniz ólkesi – tóraghasy – Kagan, mýsheleri – Evdokimov, Ivanov

Qiyr Shyghys ólkesi – tóraghasy – Lushkov, mýsheleri – Ptuha, Fediyn

Batys Sibir ólkesi – tóraghasy – Mironov, mýsheleri – Eyhe, Barkov

Krasnoyar ólkesi – tóraghasy – Leonuk, mýsheleri – Gorchaev, Rabinovich

Ordjanikidze ólkesi – tóraghasy – Bulah, mýsheleri  Sergeev, Roziyt

Shyghys Sibir oblysy – tóraghasy – Lunekiyn, mýsheleri – Yusup Hasimov, Gryaznov

Voronej oblysy – tóraghasy – Korkiyn, mýsheleri – Anfamov, Yarygiyn

Gorikiy oblysy – tóraghasy – Lavrushiyn, mýsheleri – Ogursov, Ustujaninov

Batys oblysy – tóraghasy – Karuskiy, mýsheleri – Bilinskiy, Korotchenko

Ivanovo oblysy – tóraghasy – Radzivilovskiy, mýsheleri – Nosov, Karasiyk

Kalinin oblysy – tóaraghasy – Dombrovskiy, mýsheleri – Rabov, Bobkov

Kursk oblysy – tóraghasy – Simanovskiy, mýsheleri – Piskarev, Nikitiyn

Kuybyshev oblysy – tóraghasy – Popashenko, mýsheleri – Nelike, Kluev

Kirov oblysy – tóraghasy – Gazov, mýsheleri – Muhiyn, Naumov

Leningrad oblysy – tóraghasy – Zakovskiy, mýsheleri – Smorodiyn, Pozern

Moskva oblysy – tóraghasy – Redens, mýsheleri – Redens, Volkov

Omby oblysy – tóraghasy – Gorbach, mýsheleri – Bulatov, Evstigneev

Orynbor oblysy – tóraghasy – Uspenskiy, mýsheleri –Narbug, Mitrofanov

Saratov oblysy – tóraghasy – Stromiyn, mýsheleri – Andreev, Kalachev

Stalingrad oblysy – tóraghasy – Raev, mýsheleri – Semenov, Rumyansev

Sverdlov oblysy – tóraghasy – Dmitriyev, mýsheleri – Abalaev, Grachev

Sibir oblysy – tóraghasy – Bak, mýsheleri – Korjiyn, Ryabov

Chelyabinsk oblysy – tóraghasy – Chistov, mýsheleri – Ryndiyn, Malyshev

Yaroslavli oblysy – tóraghasy – Ershov, mýsheleri – Polumordvinov, Yurchuk

 

Ukrain KSR-i

Harikov oblysy – tóraghasy – Shumskiy, mýsheleri – Gikalo, Leonov

Kiyev oblysy – tóraghasy – Sharov, mýsheleri – Kudryavsev, Ginzburg

Vinnisa oblysy – tóraghasy – Grishiyn, mýsheleri – Chernyavskiy, Yaroshevskiy

Donesk oblysy – tóraghasy – Sokolinskiy, mýsheleri – Pramnek, Rudenko

Odessa oblysy – tóraghasy – Fedorov, mýshesi – Evtushenko

Dnepropetrovsk oblysy – tóraghasy – Kriyves, mýsheleri – Margoliyn, Sviyk

Chernigov oblysy – tóraghasy – Kornev, mýsheleri – Markitan, Sklyarskiy

Moldova AKSR-i – tóraghasy – Rogali, mýsheleri – Todres, Kolodiy

 

Qazaq KSR-i

Soltýstik Qazaqstan oblysy – tóraghasy – Panov, mýsheleri – Stepanov, Segizbaev

Ontýstik Qazaqstan oblysy – tóraghasy – Pinteli, mýsheleri – Dosov, Sluchak

Batys Qazaqstan oblysy – tóraghasy – Romeyko, mýsheleri – Satarbekov, Spirov

Qostanay oblysy          – tóraghasy – Pavlov, mýsheleri –Kuznesov, Baydakov

Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy – tóraghasy – Chirkov, mýsheleri – Sverdlov, Yusupov

Aqtóbe oblysy – tóraghasy – Demidov, mýsheleri – Musiyn, Stesura

Qaraghandy oblysy – tóraghasy – Adamovich, mýsheleri – Duhovich, Pinhasiyk

Almaty oblysy – tóraghasy – Shabanbekov, mýsheleri – Sәduaqasov, Qujanov

 

2. Ýshtikting otyrystaryna respublikalyq ólkelik nemese oblystyq prokuror (eger ol ýshtikting qúramyna enbeytin bolsa) qatysa alady.

3. Ýshtik óz júmysyn NKVD ghimarattarynda nemese jedel sektorlar ornalasqan beketterde otyryp jýrgizedi.

4. Ýshtik ózderine úsynylghan әrbir tútqyngha nemese tútqyndar tobyna qatysty, sonday-aq әrbir jer audarugha jatatyn otbasygha qatysty materialdardy jeke qaraydy.

Ýshtikter, materialdardyng sipatyna jәne tútqynnyng әleumettik qauiptiligine qaray, ekinshi kategoriya boyynsha repressiyagha tartylghan adamdy birinshi kategoriyagha, birinshi kategoriya boyynsha repressiyagha tartylghan adamdy ekinshi kategoriyagha jatqyza alady.

5. Ýshtik óz otyrystarynyng hattamasyn jýrgizedi, hattamalargha әrbir sottalushygha qatysty shygharylghan ýkim jazylady.

Ýshtik otyrysynyng hattamasy jedel toptyng bastyghyna, ýkimdi oryndaudy jýzege asyru ýshin jiberiledi. Tergeu isterine әrbir sottalushygha qatysty hattamanyng kóshirmesi qosa tirkeledi.

 

VI Ýkimderdi oryndaudy jýzege asyru tәrtibi

 

1. Ýkimderdi oryndau ýshtik tóraghasynyn, yaghny respublikalyq NKVD halkomynyn, NKVD basqarmasy nemese oblystyq bólimderi bastyqtarynyng búiryghy boyynsha jýzege asyrylady. Ýkimderdi oryndaudy jýzege asyrugha negiz bolyp tabylatyn qújattar – ýshtikting otyrysy hattamasynyng rastalghan kóshirmesi, әrbir sottalushygha qatysty ýkim, ýshtik tóraghasynyng qoly qoyylghan arnauly kepilhat, ol ýkim shygharylyp otyrghan adamgha beriledi.

2. Birinshi kategoriya boyynsha ýkim ishki ister halyq komissarlary, NKVD basqarmasy jәne oblystyq bólimderining bastyqtary belgilegen oryndarda jәne tәrtippen jýzege asyrylady. Búl rette ýkimdi oryndau orny men merzimi qatang týrde qúpiya saqtalugha tiyis.

Ýkimning oryndalghany jónindegi qújattar jeke konvertte әrbir sottalushygha qatysty iske tirkeledi.

3. Ekinshi kategoriya boyynsha sottalghan adamdardy lagerilerge jiberu SSSR NKVD-sining GULAG basqarmalarynyng ókimhaty boyynsha jýzege asyrylady.

 

VII Operasiya basshylyghyn úiymdastyru jәne eseptilik

 

1. Operasiyagha jalpy basshylyq jasaudy ózimning orynbasarym – Memlekettik qauipsizdik bas basqarmasynyng bastyghy – Frinkovskiy joldasqa jýkteymin.

Operasiyagha basshylyq jasaumen baylanysty júmystardy jýrgizu ýshin onyng janynan arnauly top qúrylsyn.

2. Ýshtikting ýkimderding oryndalysy jónindegi hattamalary KSRO NKVD GUGB 8-bólimining bastyghyna, №1 ýlgi boyynsha esep kartochkalary qosa tirkele otyryp, jedel joldansyn.

Birinshi kategoriya boyynsha sottalghandargha qatysty hattama jәne esep kartochkalarymen qosa, tergeu isteri de qosa jiberilsin.

3. Operasiya barysy jәne nәtiyjeleri turaly әrbir aidyng 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 jәne 25 kýnderine qaray, bes kýndik mәlimettermen telegraf arqyly jәne naqtyly poshta arqyly habarlanyp otyrsyn.

4. Operasiyany jýrgizu barysynda әshkerelengen revolusiyagha qarsy qúrylymdar, ekssessterding payda boluy, shetelge qashu, bandittik jәne tonaushy toptardyng qúryluy jәne basqa da tótenshe jaghdaylar turaly telegraf arqyly jedel týrde habarlanyp otyrsyn.

Operasiyany úiymdastyru jәne jýrgizu kezinde mynaday kelensizdikterge jol berilmes ýshin jan-jaqty sharalar qoldanylsyn: repressiyagha tartylghan túlghanyng boy jasyruy, túrghyn jayynan, onyng ishinde shetelge qashyp ketui, bandittik jәne tonaushy toptardyng qúryluy, qanday da bir ekssessting payda boluy.

Qanday da bolmasyn revolusiyagha qarsy belsendi is-әreketter uaqtyly anyqtalyp, jedel aldyn alu sharalary jýrgizilsin.

SSSR Ishki ister halyq komissary

Memlekettik Qauipsizdik Bas Komissary - 

N.Ejov

Rastaymyn:

M.Frinskiy

KSR Odaghy Ishki Ister Halyq Komissarynyn

JEDEL BÚIRYGhY

 

15 tamyz, 1937 j.                                                            Moskva q.

 

№00486

Osy búiryqty alghan song otanyn satqandardyng әielderin, әskery alqalar jәne әskery tribunaldarmen 1936 jyldyng 1 tamyzynan bastap birinshi jәne ekinshi kategoriya boyynsha sottalghan shpiondyq-diyversiyalyq onshyl-troskistik úiymdardyng mýshelerin repressiyalaugha kirisinizder.

Búl operasiyany oryndau kezinde mynalardy basshylyqqa alynyzdar:

 

Operasiyany dayyndau:

 

1) Repressiyagha jatqyzylghan әrbir otbasygha qatysty tynghylyqty tekseris jýrgiziledi, qosymsha núsqaushy mәlimetter jәne әshkereleytin materialdar jinaqtalady.

Jinalghan mәlimetterding negizinde:

a) otbasygha jan-jaqty anyqtama jasalady, onda: sottalghan otbasy basshysynyng aty-jóni, tegi, qanday qylmysy ýshin, qashan, kimmen jәne qanday jazagha tartyldy; otbasy qúramynyng atauly tizimi (búghan sottalushynyng kýtimindegi jәne birge túratyn adamdar da kiredi), otbasynyng әrbir mýshesine qatysty naqtyly mәlimetter: sottalushynyng әielin әshkereleytin materialdar; 15-ten jasy asqan balalardyng әleumettik qauipsizdigining dәrejesine qatysty sipattamalar; otbasyndaghy jasy kelgen jәne kýtimge zәru ata-analar turaly, auyr nemese júqpaly aurumen auyratyn syrqattar, dene túrqy boyynsha kýtimdi qajet etetin balalar turaly mәlimetter kórsetiledi.

b) 15-ten jasy asqan, әleumettik qauipti jәne antiykenestik is-әreketterge beyim balalargha jeke qysqasha anyqtama toltyrylady.

v) 15-ke jasy tolmaghan, mektep jәne mektepke deyingi jastaghy balalardyng atauly tizimi.

2) Anyqtamalardy tiyisinshe respublika ishki ister halyq komissarlary jәne ólkeler men oblystardyng NKVD basqarmasy bastyqtary qaraydy.

Songhylary:

a) otanyn satqandardyng әielderin tútqyngha alugha jәne tintuge sanksiya beredi;

b) tútqyngha alynghandaryng balalaryna qatysty is-sharalar belgileydi;

v) sottalghandardyng asyrauyndaghy jәne onymen birge túratyn ata-analar jәne basqa tuysqandargha qatysty is-sharalardy kórsetedi.

 

Tútqyngha alu jәne tintudi jýrgizu

 

3) Repressiyagha jatqyzylghandar tútqyngha alynady. Tútqyngha alu ordermen rәsimdeledi.

4) Sottalushymen ony tútqyndaghan sәtte zandy nemese naqtyly nekede túratyn әiel tútqyngha alugha jatady.

Tútqyngha alugha sonday-aq, sottalushymen búryn nekede túrghan, ony qamaghan sәtte airylysyp jýrgen әiel de, eger ol:

a) sottalushynyng revolusiyagha qarsy is-әreketterine qatysy bolsa;

b) sottalushyny jasyrghan bolsa;

v) sottalushynyng revolusiyagha qarsy is-әreketteri jóninde bilgen, biraq ol turaly tiyisti organdargha habarlamaghan bolsa, jatady.

5) Tútqyngha alugha jatpaydy:

a) ayaghy auyr әielder; emshek emetin jas balalary barlar; auyr nemese júqpaly aurular; kýtimdi qajet etetin auru balalary barlar; jasy úlghayghan adamdar.

Múnday adamdargha qatysty otbasyna tynghylyqty baqylau ornatyp, uaqytsha eshqayda ketpeu turaly qolhat alumen shektelu kerek.

b) óz kýieulerin әshkerelegen jәne ol jóninde ókimet organdaryna kýieulerin tútqyngha alugha negiz bolghan mәlimetter bergen әielder.

6) Tútqyngha alumen bir mezgilde tynghylyqty tintu jýrgiziledi. Tintu kezinde alynady: qaru, patrondar, jarylghysh jәne himiyalyq zattar, әskery qúral-jabdyqtar,  kóshiru, kóbeytu aspaptary (tanirograftar, steklograftar, jazba mashinalar jәne t.s.s.), revolusiyagha qarsy әdebiyetter, hat-habarlar, shetel valutasy, qúima, moneta týrindegi qymbat metalldar, jeke basynyng qújattary jәne aqsha qújattary.

7) Tútqynnyng barlyq mýlikteri (tútqyn ózimen birge alatyn qajetti kiyim-keshekter, syrt jәne ish kiyimder, ayaq kiyim jәne tósek jaymalarynan basqa) – tәrkilenedi. Tútqynnyng pәteri mórlep jabylady.

Tútqyngha alynushymen birge onyng kәmeletke jasy tolghan balalary, ata-analary jәne basqa tuysqandary túratyn jaghdayda, olardyng paydalanuyna jeke mýlikterimen qosa: túrghyn jay, jihaz jәne as ýy qúraldary qaldyrylady.

8) Tútqyngha alu jәne tintu jýrgizilgen song tútqyn әiel týrmege jiberiledi. Sonymen bir mezgilde, tómende keltirilgen tәrtippen, balalar da ornalastyrylady.

 

Isterdi rәsimdeu tәrtibi

9) Árbir tútqyngha jәne jasy 15-ten asqan әrbir әleumettik qauipti balagha tergeu isi ashylady, oghan belgilengen qújattarmen birge anyqtamalar (qaranyz: 1-baptyng «a» jәne «b» tt.) jәne qysqasha aiyptau qorytyndysy qosa tirkeledi.

10) Tergeu isteri KSRO NKVD-sining Erekshe Jinalysynyng qarauyna joldanady. Qiyr Shyghys jәne Krasnoyar ólkesi, Shyghys Sibir oblysynyng NKVD basqarmasynyng bastyqtaryna – tútqyngha alynghandardyng tergeu isterin Erekshe Jinalysqa jibermesin. Onyng ornyna, telegraf arqyly sottalghandardyng otbasylary jayyndaghy jalpy anyqtamany (1-b. «a» tarmaghy) habarlasyn, olardy Erekshe Jinalys qaraytyn bolady. Songhysy óz sheshimin qamau ornyn (lageridi) kórsete otyryp, jogharyda atalghan NKVD bastyqtaryna, telegraf arqyly habarlaydy.

 

Isterdi jәne jazalau sharalaryn qarau

 

11) Erekshe Jinalys otanyn satqandardyng әielderi jәne olardyng jasy 15-ten asqan, әleumettik qauipti jәne antiykenestik is-әreketter jasaugha beyim balalaryna qatysty isterdi qaraydy.

12) Sottalghandar men otanyn satqandardyng әieli әleumettik qauiptiligi dengeyine qaray, 5-8 jyldan kem emes merzimge, lagerilerge qamaugha alugha jatady.

13) Sottalghandardyng әleumettik qauipti balalary, olardyng jas shamasy, әleumettik qauiptiligi jәne týzelu mýmkindigine qaray, lagerilerge nemese NKVD-ning enbekpen týzeu koloniyalaryna qamaugha alugha nemese respublikanyng oqu-aghartu halyq komissariatynyng erekshe rejimdegi balalar ýiine jiberuge jatady.

14) Erekshe Jinalystyng ýkimderi olardy jýzege asyru ýshin respublikalyq NKVD halkomdaryna jәne ólkeler men oblystardyng NKVD basqarmasynyng bastyqtaryna telegraf arqyly habarlanady.

15) Tergeu isteri KSRO NKVD-ning múraghatyna tapsyrylady.

 

Ýkimderdi oryndaudy jýzege asyru tәrtibi

 

16) Erekshe Jinalystyng sheshimimen sottalghan otanyn satqandardyng әielderi jazalaryn óteu ýshin Temnikovsk enbekpen týzeu lagerilerine, KSRO NKVD GULAG-tyng jekelegen naryadtaryna jiberilsin.

17) Sottalghan otanyn satqandardyng әielderi, eger syrqat nemese qolynda auru balasy bolsa, tútqyngha alynbaydy, aurudan aiyqqan song ghana tútqyndalyp, lagerilerge jiberiledi. Emshek emetin balalary bar otanyn satqandardyng әielderi, ýkim shyqqan song birden tútqyngha alynady da, týrmege jabylmay-aq, tikeley lagerige jiberiledi. Jasy úlghayghan sottalghan әielderge osynday jaza qoldanylsyn.

18) Sottalghan әleumettik qauipti balalar lagerilerge, NKDV-ning enbekpen týzeu koloniyalaryna nemese NKVD GULAG-tyng jekelegen naryadtary boyynsha respublikalardyng oqu-aghartu halkomdaryna qarasty erekshe rejimdegi balalar ýiine jiberiledi.

 

Sottalghandardyng balalaryn ornalastyru

 

19) Sottalghannan keyin qalghan barlyq balalar – jetimder:

a) 1-1,5 jas aralyghyndaghy jәne jasy tolyq 3-ke tolghan balalar sottalghandardyng túrghyn jay beketteri janyndaghy respublikalyq oqu-aghartu halkomynyng balalar ýii men bóbekjaylaryna ornalastyrylsyn;

b) 3 jastan asqan, 15 jasqa deyingi balalar – basqar respublikalardyn, ólkeler men oblystardyng (belgilengen dislokasiyagha sәikes) oqu-aghartu halkomdarynyng balalar ýiine jәne Moskva, Leningrad, Kiyev, Tbilisi, Minsk, teniz jaghalauyndaghy jәne shekara boyyndaghy qalalardan tys jerlerge ornalastyrylsyn.

20) Jasy 15-ten asqan balalargha qatysty mәsele jeke qarau arqyly sheshilsin. Jasyna, taban aqy, manday terimen, ózi betinshe ómir sýru mýmkindigine nemese  tuysqandarynyng qarauynda ómir sýru mýmkindigine qaray, múnday balalar:

a) 19-baptyng «b» tarmaghyna sәikes respublikalardyng oqu-aghartu halkomdarynyng balalar ýiine;

b) basqa respublikalar, ólkeler men oblystargha (jogharyda atalghan qalalardan basqa) enbekpen qamtylugha nemese oqugha tartylugha jiberilui mýmkin.

21) Emshek emetin balalar sottalghan analarymen birge lagerilerge jiberiledi, jasy 1-1,5-gha tolghan song respublikalardyng densaulyq halkomdarynyng balalar ýii men bóbekjaylaryna auystyrylady.

22) 3-15 jas aralyghyndaghy balalar memlekettik qamtamasyz etuge qabyldanady.

23) Eger jetim qalghan balalardy basqa tuysqandary (repressiyagha úshyramaghan) ózining tolyq qarauyna alghysy kelgen jaghdayda – qarsylyq jasalmasyn.

 

Balalardy qabyldaugha jәne bóluge dayyndau

 

24) Operasiya jýrgiziletin әrbir qalada  arnayy jabdyqtalady:

a) qabyldau-bólu punktteri, oghan balalar analary tútqyngha alynysymen jetkiziledi de, sodan song balalar osy jerden ýilerine jiberiledi.

b) NKVD Erekshe Jinalysynyng sheshimine deyin әleumettik qauipti balalar ústalatyn, arnayy jabdyqtalghan ghimarattar úiymdastyrylady.

Jogharyda atalghan balalar ýshin  NKVD enbek koloniyalarynyng qabyldau bólimderi paydalanylady.

25)  NKVD organdarynyng bastyqtary oqu-aghartu halkomynyng balalardy qabyldau ýshin dayyndalghan balalar ýiine, olardyng qyzmetshiler qúramyna, oblystyq bilim beru bólimining mengerushileri nemese ókilderimen birlese otyryp, tekseris jýrgizedi – sayasy senimsiz, keneske qarsy pighyldaghy jәne azyp-tozghan adamdar júmystan bosatylady. Júmystan bosatylghan ýy qyzmetshilerining ornyna sayasy senimdi, tekserilgen, óz qarauyna kelgen balalarmen oqu-tәrbie júmystaryn jýrgize alatyn adamdar alynady.

26) NKVD organdarynyng bastyqtary 3 jasqa deyingi balalardy densaulyq halkomynyng qanday balalar ýilerinde jәne bóbekjaylarynda ornalastyru mýmkin ekendigin anyqtaydy jәne búl balalardyng kedergisiz, jyldam qabyldanuyn qamtamasyz etedi.

27) Respublika ishki ister halkomdary jәne ólkeler men oblystardyng NKVD basqarmasynyng bastyqtary telegraf arqyly KSRO NKVD AHU bastyghynyng orynbasary Shneerson joldasqa analary tútqyngha alynugha tiyis balalardyng atauly tizimin habarlaydy. Tizimderde mynalar kórsetilui tiyis: aty-jóni, balanyng tughan jyly, qay synypta oqityny.  Tizimde balalar toptar boyynsha, ózara tuystyq nemese tanystyq baylanysy bar balalar bir ýige birge týspesin degen eseppen jasaqtalady.

28) Balalardy balalar ýiine bóludi KSRO NKVD AHU bastyghynyng orynbasary jýrgizedi.  Ol telegraf arqyly respublika NKVD halkomdaryna jәne ólkeler men oblystardyng NKVD basqarmasy bastyqtaryna balalardy qanday balalar ýiine jiberu jóninde habar beredi. Jedelhattyng kóshirmesin tiyisti balalar ýiining bastyghyna joldaydy.  Songhy ýshin atalmysh jedelhat balalardy qabyldaugha negiz bolyp tabylady.

29) Sottalushynyng әielderin tútqyngha alu kezinde olardyng balalary analarynan ajyratylyp alynady da, jeke basyn kuәlandyratyn qújattarmen (tuu turaly kuәlik, oqushy qújattary), tútqyndaudy jýrgizetin toptyng qúramyna kiretin NKVD qyzmetshisining alyp jýruimen:

a) 3 jasqa deyingi balalar – densaulyq halkomynyng balalar ýileri men bóbekjaylaryna;

b) 3-15 jas aralyghyndaghy balalar qabyldau-bólu punktterine;

v) jasy 15-ten asqan әleumettik qauipti balalar olargha arnayy dayyndalghan ghimarattargha jiberiledi.

 

Balalardy balalar ýiine jiberu tәrtibi

 

30) Balalardy qabyldau-bólu punktinde  punkt mengerushisi nemese NKVD OTK-synyng balalardy qabyldau bólimining bastyghy jәne UGB-nyng arnayy bólingen jedelqyzmetshisi qabyldaydy.

Árbir qabyldanghan bala arnauly kitapqa jazylady, al onyng qújattary jeke konvertke jabylady.

Sodan song balalar bólingen oryndary boyynsha toptastyrylady da, arnayy tandap alynghan qyzmetshilerding aidauymen oqu-aghartu halkomynyng balalar ýilerine jiberiledi, onda olar balalar ýilerining mengerushilerine, barlyq qújattarymen qosa, qolhat ala otyrylyp, tapsyrylady.

31) 3 jasqa deyingi balalar densaulyq halkomynyng balalar ýileri men bóbekjaylary mengerushilerine, olardan arnayy qolhat ala otyryp, tapsyrylady. Balamen birge onyng tuu turaly kuәligi de tapsyrylady.

 

Sottalghandardyng balalarynyng esebin jýrgizu

 

32) Sottalushylardyng oqu-aghartu jәne densaulyq halkomynyng balalar ýileri men bóbekjaylaryna ornalastyrylghan balalary KSRO NKVD AHU-da esepke alynady.

Jasy 15-ten asqan balalar jәne sottalghan әleumettik qauipti balalar KSRO NKVD GUGB 8-bóliminde esepte túrady.

 

Sottalghandardyng balalaryn qadaghalau

 

33) Sottalushylardyng balalarynyng sayasy kónil-kýiin, olardyng oquyn jәne tәrbiye-tәrtibin qadaghalaudy respublika Ishki ister halkomdaryna, ólke jәne oblys NKVD basqarmalarynyng bastyqtaryna jýkteymin.

 

Eseptilik

 

34) Operasiyanyng barysy turaly ýsh kýndik mәlimetter boyynsha telegraf arqyly maghan habarlanyp túrsyn. Barlyq ekssesster men tótenshe jaghdaylar turaly – jedel týrde.

35) Búryn sotttalghan otanyn satqandargha qatysty operasiya osy jyldyng 25 qazanyna deyin ayaqtalsyn.

36) Aldaghy uaqytta әshkerelengen otanyn satqandardyn, onshyl troskistik shpiondardyng әielderi, osy búiryqpen belgilengen tәrtip boyynsha, kýieulerimen birge tútqyndalsyn.

 

           KSR Odaghy Ishki Ister Halyq Komissary

           Memlekettik Qauipsizdik Bas Komissary

                                                                             Ejov

Kórip otyrghanymyzday, talay-talay túghyrly túlghalardy qyrshynynan qighan repressiya nauqany jymysqy sayasatpen, solaqay eseppen, óte bir jaqty úiymdastyrylghan jәne jýrgizilgen. Tek ayausyz basyp-janshu, ýrkitu-qorqytu basshylyqqa alynghan. Repressiyagha úshyraugha tiyis adamdardy sandyq túrghyda josparlauy, tipti, jan týrshiktergendey. Pәlenshe degen oblystan týgenshe jýz adam repressiyalanuy tiyis degendey. Jalpy, osy tarihy qújatqa kóz jýgirtip ótkenning ózinde birqatar mәselelerge kóz jetkizuge bolady dep bilemiz. Biraz kýnderden song elimiz qughyn  - sýrginge úshyraghandardy eske alu kýnin atap ótedi. Osy qújat arqyly qazirgi úrpaq sol nәubetting «kólemin» bile bersin deymiz biz.

 Núrlan DULATBEKOV,

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