Altyn adam. Búl tirkesti adamdynyng adamshylyghy men bolmysyna qatysty emes, kiyimine baylanysty aitugha bolady. Esik qorghanynan tabylghan altyn kiyimdi Saq adam bizding altyn adam degen úghymymyzdy tolyghymen ózgertti. Anyghynda ol ózgertken joq, altyn kórgen song biz ózgerip sala berdik. Esil pendelikti altynnyng buy úrdy. Altyngha qarap auzyn ashyp, jarq-júrq etken janarlargha әlgi altyn kiyimdi kórsettik, maqtandyq. Tәuelsizdigimizding simvolyna ainalghan altyn kiyim rasymen maqtanugha túrarlyq qúndylyq bolatyn. Babang basynan baqayyna deyin, tipti túlparynyng әbzelin altyndaghan degen búltartpas aighaqpen aiqaylamay tynysh jatu mýmkin emes bolatyn. Al sol altyn kiyimning iyesi baba ma, әlde arghy ana ma?

Altynnyng buy tarqay bastaghanda biz osy súraq tónireginde oilanudy úighardyq. Demek, sýiekti zerdeleu kerek. Sýiek qayda? Sýiek joq. Astanany Almatydan kóshirip jýrgen qarbalas tústa sýiek turaly úmytyp ketsek kerek. Biraq qúr maqtan qúnarsyz kóbik eken ghoy. Qazaq o bastan -aq sýiekke erekshe qúrmetpen qaraytyn últ bolghan. Eger ólgenin sonshalyqty qúrmettemeytin bolsa, onda altyn kiygizip túryp jerlemegen bolar edi. Óz zamanynyng qúrmetti adamy bolghan altyn kiyimdi adamnyng sýiegi «sarsangha» týsedi dep kim oilaghan. Barlyghyna altyn kinali. Eger kiyimi altyn bolmaghanda… Joq, barlyghyna altyngha qúmar «esil pendelik» kinәli?

Surette «Altyn adamnyn» sýiegi saqtalghan qorap. (Paradoks: altyn kiyimdi qaghaz qorapqa auystyru)

Saq múralaryna suret hәm mýsin óneri myqty damyghan Batystyng ózi tanyrqay qaraydy. Ne kerek, izdegen sýiek 2013 jyly tabyldy. Biraq bassyz eken? Sonda «Altyn» adamnyng altyn basy qayda? Elding basy bolghan iri qayratkerlerding basyn joghaltyp alu «jaghdayy» bizde birinshi ret oryn alyp otyrghan joq.

Býgingi kýnge deyin syry ashylmaghan 26 tanbaly jazuy bar kýmis tostaghannyng bir ózinde qanshama qúpiya jatyr desenizshi. Altyn adamnyng kýmis tostaghany. Onyng qúpiyasy kýmis bolghanynda ma? Joq, әriyne!

«Kemal Aqyshev tostaghandaghy jazudy týrki jazbalaryna úqsatqan. Orhon –Eniysey jazularynyng týpki negizi boluy mýmkin degen boljam aitqan. Biraq tostaghandaghy jazudyng týrkilerge qatysy bar bolyp shyghuy-Kenes iydeologiyasyna tompaqtau tiyer edi. Sondyqtan búl boljammen kelise ketkendi ol zamannyng ghalymdary «ar sanady». Kóne mysyr, ýndi- sanskrit jazularyna balap zertteu jýrgizgen lingvister de tabyldy. Bizding elde Altay Amanjolov zerttep: «Ýlken bauyrymyz,myna oshaq saghan! Bógdeler sening aldynda tize býksin, halyqtyng azyghy mol bolsyn»,-degen sóilem shygharghan. Týrik ghalymy búl tanbany mýldem basqasha oqydy. Demek, tostaghandaghy qúpiya tanbalar әli óz qúpiyasyn ashqan joq. Sondyqtan Oljas Sýleymenov búl jazugha «Esik jazuy» degen at berdi. Dýnie jýzining ghalymdary búl jazudy solay ataydy. Osyghan úqsas jazular Almaty oblysyndaghy Úighyr audanyndaghy Sarytoghaydan, Ontýstik Qazaqstannan, Pamir taularynan: Aughanystan men Tәjikstannan tabylghan. Biraq ghalymdar arasynda ortaq sheshim payda bolghan joq. Mening de búl tanbalargha qatysty óz kózqarasym bar. Ol jayynda ghylymy manyzy bar enbek dayyndalyp jatyr»,-deydi «Esik» qoryq-muzeyining ghylymy qyzmetkeri Dosym Zikiriya. Ghalym óz úsynysyn Halyqaralyq manyzy bar basylymdargha jariyalar kezde «Alauinform» oqyrmandarymen bólisetinin aitty.

Býgin » «Altyn adamnyn» qúpiyasy» degen atpen búryn eshqayda jaryq kórmegen tyng derekterden qúralghan jinaq shyqty. Sonymen qatar, osy jinaqpen attas kórme úiymdastyryldy. Jinaq әzirge orys tilinde dayyndalghan. Altyn adamgha qatysty zertteuler men derek kiltterin qazaqtildi ghalymdardyng ústaytyn kezeni jetkenin osydan-aq bayqaugha bolady.

Gýlmira Rayylqyzy: «Maqalany dayyndaghan ghalymdardyng kóbi orystildi bolghandyqtan, jinaqty sol tilde shygharugha tura keldi. Tәuelsizdikting 25 jyldyghyna oray «Altyn adamnyn» qúpiyasyn qazaqsha shygharatyn bolamyz»,-dep aityp ótti. Saq múralary órkeniyetting jarqyn kórinisi, adamzat mәdeniyetindegi damudyng ozyq ýlgileri bolyp tabylady. Sondyqtan da Saq ónerining ýlgileri Memlekettik rәmizder qataryna engen. Endigi kezekte ghalymdar qanqa sýiekke zertteu júmystary ayaqtalghan son, Altyn adamnyng jerleu rәsimin jasau kerek degen úsynystaryn da aityp qaldy.

Qosymsha aqparat

 XVII–XVIII ghgh. Sibir men Qazaqstannyng barlyq arheologiyalyq eskertkishteri tolyqtay tonalghany sonday, songhy uaqyttargha deyin derlik birde-bir arheolog tonalmaghan qorghan taba almaghan edi.

S.S. Rudenkonyng ashqan Altaydaghy Pazyryq, Berel jәne Bashadar qorghandary eng qymbat búiymdary tonalghan, biraq, asa bay arheologiyalyq keshender bolyp tabylady. S.S. Chernikov pen Á.Tóleubaevtyng Zaysan kólindegi Shilikti qorghandarynan (b.z.d. VII–VI ghgh.) tapqan oljalary tonaushylardyng suyq qolynan qalghan birneshe bólikteri ghana. Al, asa qúndy artefaktter, sonymen qatar olardaghy ghylymy aqparattar mәngilik joghalghany sebepti, olardyng anaghúrlym naqty ghylymy qayta qalpyna keltiru júmystaryn jýrgizu mýmkin emes. Z.Samashev qazghan Atyrau oblysyndaghy Araltóbe qorghany ejelgi zamanda-aq birneshe ret tonalghandyqtan Araltóbeden tabylghan sarmat kósemining (b.z. I gh.) kiyimin qalpyna keltiruding faktalogiyalyq negizi anaghúrlym әlsizdeu.

Qarghaly ózenindegi ýisin jerleu orny (b.z.b. II-I ghgh) men Jalauly auylyndaghy erte saq dәuirine tәn altyn qazynalar (b.z.b. VII gh.) syndy osy kýnge deyin az zerttelgen, bólshektelgen nәrselerdi tolyqqandy qalpyna keltiru mýmkin emes. Osy túrghydan alghanda «Esik qorghandary» ornynan tabylghan, 1970 jyly qazba júmystary jýrgizilgen, K.Aqyshev birneshe zertteu maqalalaryn jariyalaghan, IV ghasyrdyng sony men III ghasyrdyng basynda ómir sýrgen saq kósemi jerlengen jerleu kesheni Euraziya arheologiyasy ýshin asa manyzdy bolyp tabylady. Tonaushylardyng suyq qoly tiymegen moladaghy búiymdardyng býtin qalpynda tabylghanynyng arqasynda onyng kiyimderining naqty beynesin qayta qalpyna keltiru mýmkindigi tudy.

Nәtiyjesinde әlemdik ghylymy qauymdastyq ony birauyzdan erekshe eskertkish dep moyyndady. Ol Ortalyq Aziyanyng ejelgi kóshpendileri – saqtardyng ghana emes, sonymen qatar tútastay Euraziya kóshpendilerining aldynghy qatarly mәdeniyeti men órkeniyetining jarqyn kórinisi, olardyng adamzat mәdeniyetining damuyna qosqan ýlesi retinde baghalandy. Saq ónerining osynau ýlgilerining Qazaqstan Respublikasy memlekettik rәmizderining qataryna kirgeni tekten tek bolmasa kerek.

Oghan qosa atalmysh qorghannyng materialdary búghan deyin eshqashan tolyqtay jariyalanbaghan bolatyn. Qazirgi uaqytta Esik qorghanynda jerlengen hanzadanyng jerleu keshenining jәdigerleri jan-jaqqa shashyrap ketken. Qorghannan tabylghan altyn búiymdar jәne jerleu búiymdarynyng biraz bóligi Astana qalasyndaghy QR-ng Últtyq muzeyinde saqtauly bolsa, qysh búiymdary men aghashtan jasalghan salttyq ydystar «Esik» qoryq-muzeyinde, qazba júmystarynyng barysy men artefaktterdi zertteu kezenine qatysty qújattyq materialdar QR BGhM «Ghylym ordasy» RMK-i (búrynghy QazKSR vedomstvalyq múraghaty) múraghatynda saqtalghan. Búl óz kezeginde arheologiyalyq keshendi saqtau men nasihattaudyng halyqaralyq tәjiriybesine qayshy keledi. Biraz uaqytqa deyin joghalyp ketti dep eseptelip kelgen «Altyn adamnyn» sýiegi de (bas sýieginen basqasy) «Esik» qoryq-muzeyining qorynda saqtauly túr.

Kórme Esik qorghanynyng materialdary negizinde jasaqtalghan. Atalmysh materialdar búryn jariyalanbaghan jәne Esik qorghanynyng materialdaryn bolashaqta zertteu ýderisine, ekspedisiya júmysynyng auqymyna, qúramyna, bastaluy men ayaqtalu merzimine janasha kózqaraspen qaraugha mýmkindik beredi.

Aynúr Tóleu

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