Senbi, 4 Mamyr 2024
Janalyqtar 6177 0 pikir 24 Qarasha, 2009 saghat 11:28

Qobyzshy Jappas Qalambaev

Qazaqtyng kóne tarihymen birge jasasyp kele jatqan qasiyetti qobyz aspabynyng el arasynda keninen taraluyna ólsheusiz ýles qosqan, Qorqyt pen Yqylastyng ónerin ilgeri jal­ghastyrugha býkil sanaly ghúmyryn arnaghan Jappas Qalambaev 1909 jyly nauryz aiynda qazirgi Ontýstik Qazaqstan obly­sy, Sozaq audanynda ómirge keledi. Ta­riyh­ta búl ónir Qoqan handyghyna qaraghan jerlerdi orys patshalyghy ózine baghyn­dy­ryp alghan kezde Syrdariya guberniya­sy­nyng Týrkistan uezine engen bolatyn. Arqa­daghy Shymkent uezine birik­tirilgen starshyny Baspaq Tiyesovting bolys­tyghyna tirkelgen túrghyndardyng tizi­min­de ataqty qobyzshy Yqylas Dýkenovting de barly­ghyn tarihy qújattar dәlel­dey­di. Shu jәne Talas ózenderining tómengi saghasyn mekendegen kóshpeli elding ishin­de Yqylas pen Sýgir kýishi­lerding auyly aralas, qoyy qoralas bolyp jýrgenin kónekóz qarttar da әngimeleydi. Sol úly kýishi­ler­ding ókshesin alyp, dýnie esigin ashqan Jappas Qalambaevtyng da tórt týlik maldy tirshilik kózine ainaldyrghan dala qazaqtarynyng túrmys auanymen Betbaq­dala, Saryarqany en jaylap, Moyyn­qúm, Kóksheqúmdy qystap shygha­tyn qalyng elding arasynda balalyq shaghy ótedi. Jiyrmasynshy ghasyrdyng basynda Sozaq audanynda qúrylghan Týrkistan uezining on eki bolystan túra­tyn elining Ýlken Shu bolysyna Tama­nyng Dәuletkeldi, Qyzyl­qúrt atalary­nyng úrpaqtary engen.

Qazaqtyng kóne tarihymen birge jasasyp kele jatqan qasiyetti qobyz aspabynyng el arasynda keninen taraluyna ólsheusiz ýles qosqan, Qorqyt pen Yqylastyng ónerin ilgeri jal­ghastyrugha býkil sanaly ghúmyryn arnaghan Jappas Qalambaev 1909 jyly nauryz aiynda qazirgi Ontýstik Qazaqstan obly­sy, Sozaq audanynda ómirge keledi. Ta­riyh­ta búl ónir Qoqan handyghyna qaraghan jerlerdi orys patshalyghy ózine baghyn­dy­ryp alghan kezde Syrdariya guberniya­sy­nyng Týrkistan uezine engen bolatyn. Arqa­daghy Shymkent uezine birik­tirilgen starshyny Baspaq Tiyesovting bolys­tyghyna tirkelgen túrghyndardyng tizi­min­de ataqty qobyzshy Yqylas Dýkenovting de barly­ghyn tarihy qújattar dәlel­dey­di. Shu jәne Talas ózenderining tómengi saghasyn mekendegen kóshpeli elding ishin­de Yqylas pen Sýgir kýishi­lerding auyly aralas, qoyy qoralas bolyp jýrgenin kónekóz qarttar da әngimeleydi. Sol úly kýishi­ler­ding ókshesin alyp, dýnie esigin ashqan Jappas Qalambaevtyng da tórt týlik maldy tirshilik kózine ainaldyrghan dala qazaqtarynyng túrmys auanymen Betbaq­dala, Saryarqany en jaylap, Moyyn­qúm, Kóksheqúmdy qystap shygha­tyn qalyng elding arasynda balalyq shaghy ótedi. Jiyrmasynshy ghasyrdyng basynda Sozaq audanynda qúrylghan Týrkistan uezining on eki bolystan túra­tyn elining Ýlken Shu bolysyna Tama­nyng Dәuletkeldi, Qyzyl­qúrt atalary­nyng úrpaqtary engen. Olar - Búzau, Jalpaq, Esenqara, Baraq, Joldybay, Ótemis, Qoylybay, Ernazar, Qoshqarbay, Aydar-Balta, Sartama bolyp keledi. Keshegi shertpe kýiding sheberi Sýgir de, onyng shәkirtteri Jappas ta, Ergentay Borsabaev ta Búzau ata úrpaq­tary bolyp keluining ózi búl әuletke Qy­dyr atanyng qonyr qobyz ben dombyra aspabyn telip ketkendigi turaly anyz әngimening shyndyqqa janasatynyn bayqatady. Sýgirding týsine Qydyr ata enip: "Kógen alasyng ba, dombyra alasyng ba?" dep súraghanda qalaqtay qara domby­rany qalap alghany, bala kezinde Qydyr ata qobyz syilap ketken Yqylas kýishi de sýiek jaghynan búl әuletke úzaq emes.

Jaz jaylaugha, qys qystaugha kóship-qonyp jýrgen elding ishinde qonyrtóbel tirshiligin kýittep jýrgen ýlken atalary Qantarbaydan - Ysqaq, Isa, Qalambay, Jaqyp atty tórt úl dýniyege kelse, Qalam­­baydan da tórt úl - Qasymbek, Appaz, Áubәkir, Ámze tuady. El ishin qyzyl sheshek jaylaghan qiyn kezde Qalambaydyng ózge úl-qyzdary bolghan da shyghar, so­lar­dyng ishinde qatargha ilik­kenderi osy balalar edi. Tuabitti bauy­ryn jerden kótergennen joqshylyq tauqymetin kórip, talpynghan jas bala­lardyng eti tiri bolyp ósedi. Túnghysh úly qashanda ata-anasyna bólekshe ystyq kórinetini belgili. Jap­pastyng tórt-bestegi kezinde әkesi Qa­symbek ýy irgesinde bal­ta­men aghash shauyp jatqanyn bayqap: "Áke, ne istep jatyrsyz?" dep súraydy. Sonda Qasymbek: "Balam saghan layyqtap dombyra shauyp jatyrmyn!" dep jauap beredi. Qasymbek balasynyng әn-kýige әuestigin erte bastan sezse kerek. Shaghyn deneli Jappas ta óte angharympaz, sergek bolyp ósedi. Jappas әueli qolyna dom­by­ra alyp, búl aspapty tez mengerip ketedi. Ákesi ózining qara qobyzyn qolyna siyrek alatyn. Búl qobyz bәlkim ertedegi ata-babalarynan qalghan kóne múra da bolar. Keshkilik as iship, bastary qosylyp otyrghan sәtterinde qara qobyzdyng qylyn shayyrlap, espesin nyqtap, ynyrantyp shalghan kezderi esinen ketpeydi. Qora­syndaghy azyn-aulaq úsaq malynyng jayyn oilap, el qatarly tirshilik keship jýrgen Qasymbekting kýsh-qayraty qaytpaghan kezinde tótennen kesel jabysyp, tósek tartyp jatyp qalady. Áuelgide aurugha des bermey erten, arghy kýni túryp ketetindey kóringenmen keseli qúrghyr qyl búraudy myqtap salsa kerek, kýnnen-kýnge buyn-buyndy alyp, en­sesin kótertpeuge aina­la­dy. Qamshynyng sabynday qysqa ómi­ri­ning tym erte túiyqtalyp, tatar dәm-túzy­nyng tau­sy­lyp kele jatqanyna kózi jetken Qa­sym­bek buyny qatpaghan bala bolsa da kele­sheginen kóp ýmit kýtetin úly Jap­pas­ty shaqyryp alyp, songhy sózin ai­tady:

- Myna qara qobyz atamnan qalghan, kózimning tirisinde shang juytpay saqtap ke­le jatqan asyl múrany ózine amanat etip qaldyrghaly otyrmyn. Qúlynym, ata-babamyzdan qalghan qylqobyzdy kózinning qarashyghynday saqtap jýrgeysin! Búl qara qobyz sening aldaghy ómirine tausyl­mas azyq bolar dep oilaymyn! - deydi qamyghyp.

Qara qobyzdyng matadan tigilgen syrt­qy qabyn sheship, shanaghyn man­dayyna tiygizedi de qayta salyp, bir japyraq bo­lyp múnayyp otyrghan úlyna aqyryn ús­tata bergen. Aqyrettik sózin aityp, agha­yyn-tuyspen ýnsiz jatyp qoshtasyp, tik­tep kelgen ajaldy qasqayyp qarsy alghan edi.

Qarshadayynan jetimdik tauqymetin tartqan Jappas inisi Jarylqasyn ekeui auyl adamdaryna ilesip, 1919 jyly Týrki­standaghy jetim balalar ýiine keledi. Áke­den aiyrylyp, isher asqa, kiyer kiyimge jarymay jýrgen tek búlar ghana emes eken, jetim balalar ýiining ishi-syrty tol­yp jýrgen kógenkóz jetimder. Sonau Qy­zyl­ordadan bergi jerdegi, Týrkis­tan­nyng tóniregindegi auyl-aymaqtan әke-sheshe­leri­nen ashtyqta aiyrylyp qalyp, jama­gha­yyndary tapsyryp ketken jýdep-jada­ghan, qúrsaqtary qabysyp, kózderin kireuke shalghan balalar jeterlik. Ashyl­ghanyna kóp bola qoymaghan jetim balalar ýiinde tósek-oryn, as-auqat da jetise bermeydi eken. Jappas siyaqty eresekteri kishken­tay balalargha oryndaryn berip, jaz mausymynda ýiding irgesine, aulagha tósegin kóterip kelip, jantayyp jata ketetin kezderi de jii kezdesti.

Sabaqtan bosaghanda ermegi auyldan serik etip alyp shyqqan әkesining qara qoby­zyn qolyna alady. Sonynan ózi qa­tar­las jetim balalar shúbyryp erip, qala­nyng ortalyq kóshelerine qaray betteydi. Adam ayaghy ýzilmeytin orta­lyqtaghy bazardyng kireberis qaqpa auzyna jayghasyp otyryp alyp, qara qobyzdy anyratyp shala bastaydy. Qarsy aldyna týgi aladaq bolyp týsken kónetoz ty-maghyn tónkerip qoyady. Qor­qyt pen Yqylastyng kýilerin birinen song birin tolghap tartyp, any­rata jóneledi. Ýlken qaqpanyng auzyn­da yrghay-yrghay kýy tolghap otyr­ghan qar­sha­­day bala әri-beri ótken jan­dardyng yqyla­syn eriksiz ózine audarady. Qobyz ýni boylaryn alyp, qarshaday balanyng qara qobyzdy esiltip tartuy qyzyq kórinedi. Qalta­laryna qol salyp, qoyyn-qonyshynan týiilgen aqshalaryn alyp, shetinen shygha­ryp, tiyn-teben, japyraq-japyraq tengelerdi balanyng aldyndaghy bas kiyimge tastaydy. Aradaghy ilki sәt ýziliste syrt­tay baqylap túrghan balalar Jappastyng qasyna jetip kelip, tymaqtaghy aqshany tónkerip alyp ketedi. Kóne bas kiyimning ishi­ne qansha aqshanyng týskenimen Jap­pastyng sharuasy bol­may­dy. Qolyn suy­typ alyp, taghy da qara qobyzdy shalugha kirisedi. Týsken tabysty alyp ketken balalar qalyng elding arasyna sinip joq bolyp ketip, birazdan song osy tónirekke qaytyp jiy­­na­la­dy. Qol­daryn­da japyraq-japyraq tandyr nan, qa­uyn-qar­byzdyng ti­likterin ezu­leri­nen suyn sor­gha­lata aghyz­­­ghan, tauyq­­tyng etin siy­ra­ghynan ús­tap, ash­qa­raq­tana júl­ma­laghanyn syrttay bay­qap qalatyn. Qúrsaghy to­yyp as iship, әrip tanyp kózi ashylyp qalghanda Týr­kis­tandaghy je­tim balalar ýii jabylyp qaldy. "Endi qayttik? Er­tengi kýnimiz ne bolmaq?" dep an­ta­ryl­ghan jetim ba­la­lar kóshege shú­byryp ke­te­di. Kýzge sa­lym bazar, shayhana, te­mir jol be­ke­tining tó­ni­regin ja­gha­lap, qara qo­byzyn úzaq shalyp otyr­ghanmen mar­dymsyz tiyn-te­ben tý­setin bol­dy. Ózge ashózek jetim ba­la­largha talghajau tauyp bermek týgi­li ózi de býiiri tom­payyp as ishpeytin jagh­­daygha jetedi. Kýnkóris qiyn­dap ketken song bilim­ning sonyna týssem degen ýmiti kómeskilengen Jappas qaytadan elge ora­la­dy. Búl kezde Jappas qara qobyzyn janynan bir eli tastamay jýrip, dom­by­ragha qoly bi­raz suyp ta qal­ghan edi. Auyl ai­maqqa syily Sýgir kýi­shining ýi­ge so­ghyp, yqy­las bil­dir­geni Jap­­pas­tyng kó­nilin ósirip ji­berdi. Kýishi jas ba­lanyng bo­yyn­­da­ghy úsh­qyndy kópten sezip jýr­gen edi. Auyldaghy jiyn-toy­­da estiyar jandarmen birge jýretin Sýgir kýishining manayyn jii tóni­rek­teytin boldy.

- Myna Týrkistannan kelgen, qala kórgen balagha dombyra tartqyzsaq qalay bolar eken? - dep kópshilikke kóz qiy­ghyn tastap qoyatyny bar.

- Jappas dombyra tartushy ma edi?

- Onyng qolynan qobyzy týspeushi edi ghoy! - degen sózder estilip qalady.

- Dombyrany tartsa qobyz shala­tyndar tartsyn! - dep Sýgir Jappasty qayray týsedi.

Jiylghyn el tanyrqasyp, tym-tyrys bolyp qalghanda Jappas ta qolyna dombyra alyp, Sýgir kýishining sazy kónilinde jattalghan kýiin shertedi.

Elding bedeldi azamattarynyng mal-mýlkin tәrkilip, it arqasy qiyangha jer au­daru, salyq týrlerin kóptep salyp, nara­zy­lyq bildirgenderdi Sozaqtaghy abaqtygha jauyp tastau siyaqty sholaq belsen­di­lerding zalymdyq is-әreketteri shegine je­tip, halyq eriksiz qolyna qaru alyp, әdiletsizdik pen zorlyq-zombylyqqa qar­sy shyghady. 1930 jylghy aqpan aiynyng basynda búrq ete qalghan tarihta "Sozaq kóterilisi" degen at­pen belgili bolghan býlin­shilikting basshy­larynyng kópshiligi de Sýgir kýishi men Jappastyng auyldas tuysqandary, Tama ru­larynyng beldi aza­mat­tary - az kýnder han bolyp saylanghan Shalaqúly Súltanbek pen bas sardary bol­ghan, ataqty mergen Aral­bayúly Salyqbay bolatyn. Halyqtyng búl bas kóterui bodandyqqa, jana jýiening qandy shengeline qarsy shyghyp, bos­tan­dyqqa úmtylghan janayqayy edi. Keudelerin kek kernep, ashu-yzadan bulyqqan elding azamattary aldyn-ala kelisilgen uaqytta - aqpannyng 7 júldyzynda tang ata bas qosyp, audan ortalyghy Sozaq qystaghyna basyp kirip, "Shash al dese, bas alatyn" sholaq belsendi­lerdi qolgha týsirip, jappay sabau, kek qaytarugha qyzu kirisip ketedi. Bas kóteru­shiler qolyna ne týsse sonymen - shiyti myltyq, tayaq, oraq, balta, aiyrmen qaru­lanyp, kenselerdi, kooperativterdi, qamba men dýkenderdi tonaydy. Abaqtynyng esigin búzyp, qamauda jatqan adamdardy bosatyp alady. Kóshege shyqqan kóteri­lisshiler mandaylaryn aq súryppen baylap, aq tu kóterip, kenes oryndaryna basyp kirip, shash qoyghan qyzmetkerlerdi úryp-soghyp, kóshege alyp shyghyp, ayausyz jaza­laydy. Artynsha Sozaqqa qaray qaptaghan baqay­shy­ghyna deyin qarulanghan qyzyl әsker kóterilisshilerdi ayausyz qyrghyngha úshyra­tady. Búdan keyingi sahara elining ómiri ayanyshty edi. Búryn-sondy múnday qiya­met-qayymdy kórmegen halyq tóbesinen jay týskendey ata júrtyn tastap top-top bolyp, jayau-jalpyly kýngeydi betke alyp, "Kishi Oktyabridin" zardabynan toz-tozy shyqqan el Ózbekstan men Tәjikstangha, Týrkimen­stangha qaray ýdere qashady.

Sozaq kóterilisi bastalghanda onyng basshylary shyqqan jәne kindigi bolghan №12 auylda Sýgir kýishi men Jappas Qalambaevtar túryp, ómir sýrgenimen olar kóteriliske qatyspay tysqary qalady. Sol jyly Sýgir kýishining jasy 52-lerde, al Jappas bolsa 21-degi tepse temir ýzetin, boyynda kýsh-qayraty tasqyndaghan qylshyldaghan jigit kezi bolatyn. Kóterilis turaly qaghaz betine týsken tarihy derek­terden, sol qandy oqighanyng basy-qasyn­da bolghan kóptegen kónekóz qarttaryng aitqan әngimelerinen qos óner iyesining kóteriliske qatysqany turaly eshbir derekti keziktire almadyq. Jappas Qalam­baev ózining auyl­dasy әri tuysqany, bәri­nen de ruhany jaqyn ústazy Sýgirding qas-qabaghyna kóbirek qaraghan bolsa kerek.

1934 jyly Al­ma­tyda ótetin ha­lyq ta­lant­­tarynyng býkil­qazaq­standyq sle­tine qatysugha ontýstikting shal­ghayyn­daghy Sozaq audanynan da ónerli jan­dar izdestirile bas­taydy. Auyl-auyl­daghy ónerli jandar­dyng búl tizimine alghash­qy­lar­dyng qa­ta­ryn­da Sýgir men Jappastyng da esimderi ili­n­­gen bo­la­tyn. Sýgir kýi­­shi Al­ma­tygha baryp, óner kór­setuge qúmbyl bol­mady. "Bir auyldan ekeu­mizding birdey bar­ghany­myz jaraspas, sening jasyng kishi ghoy, ózing ba­ryp baghyndy synap qayt!" deydi Jap­pas­qa. Búl onyng ózining ókshesin alyp, boyyn­daghy ónerin úshtap kele jatqan jasqa jolyn bergeni, tilektestik bildirgeni bolsa, ekinshi jaghy­nan keshegi Sozaq kóterilisinde tónire­gin­degi ja­qyn jandardy qynaday qyryp sal­ghan kenesting solaqay sayasatyna әbden zәrә­zәp bolyp qarayghan kónilining qara búl­ty әli ydyray qoymaghan edi.

Býkilqazaqstandyq halyq talant­tary­nyng túnghysh ótetin sletine jer-jerden ónsheng ónerpazdar bas qosady. Áueli qúday, ata-babalarynyng ruhy qoldap, boyyn­daghy ónerin irikpesten ýlken sah­nada kópshilikting talqysyna salugha jol ashylady. Sol jyldary jaryq kórgen gazet-jornaldar astanadaghy Býkilqazaq­standyq halyq talanttarynyng túnghysh sleti kýnderinen janalyq habarlardy jamyray jazady.

"Ásirese, Ontýstik oblysy Sozaq au­da­­ny­nan kelgen bir jas jigitting qobyz tart­­qany júrtty óte yntyqtyrdy. Búl Qa­lam­bayúly degen joldas. Qobyzben "Jez kiyik", "Aqqudyng atyluy", әsirese "Qas­­­qyrdyng úlyghany" degen kýilerdi tart­qanda tang qalmaghan adam bolmady. Jap­pas kórke­mónershi qobyzymen "Óz kýiim" degen kýidi tartty. Búl "Óz kýii" ózining qo­byz­shylyq tәjiriybesine qarap tapqan tabysy bolsa kerek, sondyqtan ózi de atyn "Óz kýiim" dep tartyp otyrghany sol kórinedi" dep ja­zady "Sosialistik Qa­­zaq­­stan" gazeti 1934 jyly 16 mausym kýni.

Jiyrma bestegi jalyndaghan jas jigit Jap­pas Qalambaev ýl­ken sahnagha tek qo­byz­da kýy tolghaymyn degen oimen shy­ghyp, elding qoshamet-iltipatyna kónili shal­qyghan song ózi jaqsy kóretin "Jal­ghan-ay" әnin de shyrqap jiberse kerek. Qobyz ýnin bayaulatyp, dausyn qattyraq shy­gharyp shyrqaghan әn әuezi jýrekten terbep, qúiqyljy estiledi. Ári qobyzgha qosylyp, әn shyrqaghany tosyn kórinip, kópshilik el riza bolyp, duyldata qol soghady. Kon­sert­ten song auyldan kelgen talantty jasty qauma­lap, jón-josyq súras­qan jandar da kóp boldy. Últtyq ónerding bilgiri, oqymysty-ghalym Ahmet Júbanov­pen de osy saparynda jýzdesip, tildesuining sәti týsken. Osy Al­matygha joly týsken óner saparynda Qazaq­stan­nyng týkpir-týkpirinen óner jolyn quyp kelgen siyrek daryn iyeleri Dina Núr­peyisovany, Oqap Qabighojindi, Lúq­pan Múhitovty, Qaly Jantileuovti, Dәulet Myqtybaevty, Ábi­ken Qasenovti, Ghariy­folla Qúrmanghaliyevti alghash kórip, til­desu­­d­ing sәti týsedi. El arasyndaghy talant iyelerin tauyp, olardyng ónerin úshtay týsu, qoldau kórsetu maq­satynda úiymdas­ty­rylghan slette erekshe kózge týsken jas óner iyelerin Almatygha alyp qalyp, ja­na­dan shanyraq kóterip jatqan óner újym­daryna orna­lastyru da qolgha alyn­ghan bolatyn. Ahmet Júbanov­tyng tikeley jetekshiligimen úiym­das­ty­rylghan Qúr­manghazy atyndaghy últ aspaptar or­kestri­ne qobyzshy bolyp júmysqa qabyl­­da­nady. "Adamdy orta biyleydi" degen tap ras eken. Alghashqy óner­paz­dardan birik­tirilgen últ aspaptar orkes­trinde qyz­metke kiriskende halyq talant­tarynyng qayta dayyndaudan ótuine tura keldi. Kóp as­pap­tyng basyn qosyp, bir ýn­men tolghau ýshin muzykalyq sauattylyghy ala-qúla jandardy oqytyp, baghyt-baghdar berude akademik Ahmet Júbanov bastaghan bilikti maman­dardyng kóp ter tóguine tura keldi. Ahannyng basshylyghymen orkestrde qyl­qobyz toby ashylyp, oghan Jappastyng ózi jetekshilik etedi. Qobyzdyng orkestrge layyq­talghan ýlgilerin jasau sheberler Romanenko men Qambar Qasymovqa jýk­teledi. Ónerpaz­dardyng kópshiligi or­kestr­de júmys istey jýrip, ara-arasynda kon­ser­­va­toriyada muzy­kalyq sauat ashugha den qoyady.

1936 jyly mamyr aiynda Mәskeu qa­lasynda ótken Qazaq óneri men әdebiye­tining kýnderine Qúrmanghazy atyndaghy últ aspaptar orkestrining qúramynda orkestr­ding jeke oryndaushysy jәne әrtisi re­tin­de qatysqan qobyzshy Jappas Qalam­baevtyng ómirindegi eleuli kezenderding biri boldy. Akademik Ahmet Júbanovtyng basqaruy­men últ aspaptar orkestri Qúr­man­ghazynyng "Saryarqa", "Aday", "Serper", "Kóbik shashqan", "Qosalqa" kýi­lerin asqan sheber­­likpen oryndaydy. Sol kezdegi Odaqtan shyghatyn gazetter: "Konsertte orkestr men әn­shiler ghana emes, eki tize­sining arasyna qoyyp ysqy­men oinaytyn qobyzdar da әn saldy" dep jazghan edi.

1941 jyly tynysh jat­qan elge fashiys­tik Ger­maniya tútqiyldan shabuyl jasa­ghanda Otan qorghaugha últ aspaptar or­kestrining qúramyndaghy biraz ónerpaz - er azamattar da maydangha attanady. Óner újymynyng qataryn tolyqtyru maq­satynda Qaly Jantileuov pen Lúq­pan Múhitovtarmen birge Jappas Qalambaev ta el ara­laugha shyghyp, ta­lantty jas­tardy izdestire­di. Olar res­pub­lika oblys­tary men au­dandarynan biraz jas­tardy alyp kelip, ónerge bauliy­dy. Jappas Qalambaev Almaty qalasyn­daghy mektep oqushy­laryn aralap, №38 orta mektepting kór­kem­óner­paz­dar ýiirmesi mýshelerining ónerin bay­qap jýrip, talant­ty oqushy jas Fatima Balghaevany kezik­tire­di. Jappas Qalam­baev­tyng aqyl qo­syp, baghyt-baghdar berui­men Fatima mek­tep bitirgen song Qúr­man­ghazy atyndaghy últ aspaptar orkestri­ne kelip, enbek etedi. Kiyeli qobyz ónerine den qoy­ghan talantty jas orkestrde úzaq jyldar je­misti enbek etip, keyin Qazaq­stan­nyng ha­lyq әrtisi, professor ataghyn alady. Ózi de kóptegen ta­lantty jastardy tәrbiye­leuge ýles qosady.

1944 jyly Tashkent qalasynda ótken Orta Aziya jәne Qazaqstan óner sheber­lerining onkýndiginde Jappas Qalambaev bastap barghan shәkirtteri de Qúrmanghazy atyndaghy últ aspaptar orkestrining qúra­mynda óner kórsetip, kórermenin riza etedi. Sol joly orkestr ózge respu­bliy­ka­dan kelgen óner újymdary arasynda jýldeli birinshi oryngha ie bolady. Úly Otan soghysy jyldarynda tyldaghy qa­jyr­ly enbegi jәne Qúrman­ghazy atyn­daghy últ aspaptar orkestrining qúrylghanyna on jyl tolu qúr­metine bir top óner sheber­leri­men birge Jappas Qalam­baev­ ta Qazaq KSR-ining enbek si­nir­­gen óner qayratkeri qúr­metti ata­ghyna ie bolady.

Akedemik Ahmet Júbanov ózining "Gha­syr­lar pernesi" at­ty ki­ta­byn­da qyl­qo­byzdyng she­beri Jappas Qalam­baev turaly jyly pikir bildiredi. Ataq­ty Yqylas qobyzshynyng ómiri men shy­ghar­mashylyq qyzmeti turaly mol maghlúmatty osy Jappas Qalambaevtan alghanyn da jazady.

Belgili qylqobyz sheberi Qazaq KSR-ining enbek sinirgen óner qayratkeri Jappas Qalambaevtyng 60 jasqa jәne shygharma­shylyq qyzmetine 40 jyl tolghan mereytoyy Almatydaghy Jambyl atyndaghy memlekettik filarmoniyanyng keng zalynda atalyp ótiledi. Jappas Qalambaevtyng qyl­qobyzda oryndaghan "Jezkiyik", "Qasqyr", "Múnlyq-Zarlyq", dombyrada oryndaghan "Toghyz tarau", "Júman", "Aqqu" kýileri men ózining "Marsh" kýii, "Keng ólke" әni, "Kýy tolghau" romansy qazaq muzykasynyng altyn qoryna qo­syl­ghan aituly shygharmalar bolyp esepteledi. Jappas Qalambaevtyng qazaqtyng muzyka ónerine sinirgen enbegining negizi Qorqyt pen Yqylas, Sýgir kýilerin qobyz sha­naghy­na týsirip, qayta janghyrtyp jetkize biluinde jatyr. Qylqobyzdyng siqyrly ýnin ghasyrlar sarynymen úshtastyryp, keyingi úrpaqtyng qúlaghyna qúya bilude Jappas Qalambaevtyng enbegi erekshe bol­gha­nyn onyng sonynan qalghan óner múrasy dәleldese kerek. Jappas Qalam­baev­tyng 60 jasqa tolghan mereytoyy shyn mәninde qazaqtyng últtyq ónerining mere­kesi retinde atalyp ótiledi.

Qazaq halqynyng qaytalanbas qyl­qo­byz sheberi Jappas Qalambaev 1969 jyly 2 jeltoqsanda ómirden ótedi. Ózi 35 jyl boyy ýzdiksiz halqyna boyyndaghy talan­ty­men qyzmet etken Almaty qalasynyng halqy arulap, songhy sapargha shygharyp salady. Qazaqtyng qasiyetti qobyz ónerin halqyna qaytaruda ólsheusiz enbek sinir­gen siyrek daryn iyesining óner dep soqqan jýregi osylaysha toqtaydy.

Jappas Qalambaev ómirinde eki ret ýilenip, olardan toghyz perzent sýiedi. Alghashqy әieli Kýlәshtan Júman atty úl, Dina, Janyl, Tәjikýl atty qyzdar kóredi. Túnghysh balasy Júmandy jaqsy kór­gendikten ol jastay qaytys bolghanda úlymen attas kýy de shygharady. Ekinshi әieli Gýljәmiladan Shәmshinúr, Quanysh, Sәule, Qúndyz, Mәlik, Baqyt atty úl-qyz sýiedi. Úl-qyzdarynyng kópshiligi ónerge beyim bolyp ósedi. Osy úl-qyzdarynyng ishinen ortanshy qyzy Qúndyz Qalambaeva әke jolyn quyp, óner jolyna týsedi.

Jappas Qalambaev sol 1969 jyly qyzy Qúndyzdy A.Júbanov atyndaghy muzyka mektebining birinshi synybyna әkeledi. "Qyzym seni arnayy muzyka mektebine berip otyrmyn. Búl mektepti bitirgen song kon­servatoriyagha týsesin. Onyng aspiran­turasyn bitirgen song úzaq jyldar óner salasynda enbek etetin bolasyn! Keleshekte men siyaqty ónerge enbegi singen әrtis atana­syn!" degen sózdi qúlaghyna qúiyp ketedi. Jeti jasar Qúndyz әkesining osy sózin qúlaghyna myqtap toqyp alady. Áke sózi onyng býkil ómirine temirqazyq bolyp qalady. Jappas Qalambaev 37 jasynda Qazaq KSR-ning ónerine enbegi singen әrtis ataghyna ie bolsa Qúndyz da 37 jasynda osynday lauazymgha ie bolady.

Jappas Qalambaevtyng qyzy Janyl­dyng ómirlik qosaghy bolghan Sozaqtyng tumasy General Asqarov ta respublikagha keninen tanylghan kýishi әri sazger edi.  Mektep bitirip, Almatygha oqu­gha týsuge kelip, Qazaqstangha bel­gili óner iyesi, jerles aghasy Jap­pas Qalambaevpen tanysyp jýrip, qobyzshynyng qyzy Janylmen kónilderi jarasady. General Asqarovty Jappas Qalam­­baev­pen de, onyng qyzy Janyl­men de tabys­tyr­ghan әueli qúday, odan song ónerding kiyeli joly edi.

KSRO jәne Qazaqstannyng halyq әrtisi, professor Shamghon Qajyghaliyev: "Jappekeng bolmy­synan kishipeyil, az sóileytin, adam­dar­men tez til tabysa­tyn aqjarqyn jan bol­dy. Jappeken­men orkestrde 30 jyl birge qyzmettes bol­ghan­da bar­maghan, kór­megen jerimiz joq. Aldy­men ózimizding Qazaq­stannyng 19 ob­lys, 280 audan orta­lyghyn, 300 kolhoz-sovhozdy aralap, óner kórsettik. Barlyq 15 odaq­tas res­pu­blika orta­ly­ghy, Mәskeu, Leniyn­grad, Kiyev, Minsk, Sverd­lov, Novosibir, ózge de qalalargha, kóptegen shetelderge gastrolidik sapar­men bar­dyq. 1949 jyly Kremlide Sta­liyn, 1958 jyly Hru­shev,1967 jyly Brej­nev bastaghan sayasy buro mýshe­leri­nin, 1957 jyly Qytay­dyng astanasy Pe­kiyn­de Mao Sze Dun bastaghan el basshylarynyng aldynda kon­sert ber­dik. Osylardyng bәrinde Jappekeng dom­byra men qobyzda kóp­tegen kýiler tartty, әn de aitty.

Jappas Qalambaev halyq arasynan shyqqan óte siyrek talant iyesi, HH ghasyr­­dyng ýzdik muzykanty. Sheber oryn­daushy әri diriyjer, kóp qyrly, bir syrly talant iyesi bola bildi" dese, KSRO jәne Qazaq­stannyng halyq әrtisi Erkeghaly Rahmadiyev: "1967 jyly Jam­byl atyn­daghy memle­ket­tik konserva­toriya­gha rektor bolyp kelgende biylik­tegi­ler qylqobyzdy orkestrden shy­gharyp tastaghanda Jap­pe­ken­di osy oqu ornynan qylqobyz klasyn ashyp, je­tek­­shilik etuge shaqyrdym. Qazirgi qobyzshy bolyp jýrgen Bazarhan Qos­basarovtar ol kisining alghashqy shә­kirt­­terining biri edi. Jappas aghanyng jasy egde tartyp qalghan kezi bolatyn. Ol uaqytta barlyghy Mәs­keuge baghynatyn zaman, Jap­pekendi agha oqytushy qyz­metine qabyl­dadym. Kon­ser­­va­toriyadaghy búryn­nan 15-20 jyl oqytushy bolyp istep jýrgen keybir jan­dar "Rektor Rahmadiyev muzyka­lyq sauaty joq shaldy alyp kelip, agha oqytushy­nyng jalaqysyn tólep otyr" dep ýstimnen domalaq aryz da jazdy. Ol kezde domalaq aryzdy Ortalyq komiy­tet­ten de kelip tekseretin. Al, shyn­dy­ghynda kýidi qúla­ghy­men estip, notagha týsiretin Jappe­kendey tuma talant qos birdey muzy­kalyq joghary oqu ornyn bi­­tir­gen­der­ding arasy­nan da kezikpeytin. Jappe­ken­ning jara­tylysy óte talantty adam bolatyn. Qylqobyzdy da, dom­byrany da sheber tartady. Dombyragha arnap shygharghan ýzdik kýileri de bolatyn. Osyn­day qiyn-qys­tau kezding ózinde bar kýshimdi salyp jý­rip, Jap­pekendi saqtap qal­dym. Biraq bir jyldan keyin Jappekeng qaytys bolyp ketti", al Qazaq­stannyng ha­lyq әrtisi, professor Alda­bergen Myr­za­­bekov: "Jap­pas Qalam­baevtyng boyyn­daghy taghy bir ereksheligi tek qylqobyz tartumen birge últ aspaptar orkestrinde diriy­jer­lik jasa­ghan kezi de boldy. Arnayy maman­­dyq týrin iyger­mes­ten ýlken or­kestrge diriy­jerlik jasau ekining birining qolynan kele bermeytin sharua. Osy­laysha qazaq­tyng qylqobyz ónerining ja­ryq júldyzy Jappas Qalam­baev turaly qobyzshymen kezinde óner soqpaghynda qyzmettes, dәmdes-túzdas, jaqyn qa­rym-qatynasta bolghan, búl kýnde jas sha­ma­­lary 75-85-derdegi jan­dar­dyng asqan daryndy jan turaly pikiri men kóz­qarasy, oy topshy­­lauy bir arna­dan toghy­­syp jatady. KSRO jәne Qazaq­stannyng halyq әrtisi Biybigýl Tóle­ge­novanyng ol kisini "Jibek ata" dep tekten-tekke atamaghanyna kózimiz jet­ken­­dey boldy. Kózi tirisinde ol kisini kórme­gen, biraq aty-jónin qyl­qoby­­zy­nyng ýni­men birge estip, jadynda qattalyp qalghan 50-60-tardaghy azamat­tardyng da Jappas Qalam­baev turaly jaqsy pikirde ekenin angharamyz. "Jappas Qalambaev qazaq ónerining kó­gin­de janghan jaryq júldyz­dardyng biri ghoy!" degen jyly sózderin de estidik. Al odan jas mólsheri tómendegen sayyn 20-30-dardaghy jastar­dyng qobyz­shy Jappas Qalambaev turaly týsinik-úghym­dary ala-qúla bolyp keledi. Últtyq nasiy­hat­tyng kemshiliginen bolar jalghyz Jap­pas Qalam­baev emes qazaq mәdeniyeti tariy­­hyn­daghy nebir jaqsylarymyz ben jay­sandarymyzdyng esimderin keyingi jas úrpaq jetik bile bermeydi. Qazaqstannyng halyq әrtisi Qarshygha Ahmediyarov agha­myz aitqanday, dýnie salghanyna 40 jyl ótken qylqobyz sheberi Jappas Qalam­baevtyng ziratynyng әli kýnge eskerusiz, eleusiz jatqany kóp jayttan habar berse kerek. Tipti, qylqobyz sheberi Jappas Qalam­baevtyng tughanyna bir ghasyr tolghan mereytoyy halqynyng arasynda kónil tolarlyq dәrejede atalyp ótilmeui, biylik oryndary tarapynan eshbir ynta-yqy­lastyng bayqalmauy kónilge qayau týsiredi. Jappas Qalambaevtyng tuyp-ósken On­týs­­tik Qazaqstan oblysy, Sozaq audany­nyng shalghayyndaghy Shu auylynda keshegi kenestik kezende esimi berilgen kóne orta mektep bar. Jyl sayyn eski jaydy ja­map-jasqaumen auyl balalary bilim alyp keledi. Kóne mektepti jaz aiynda kýrdeli jóndeuden ótkizuge, qajetti qúral-jab­dyq­tarmen qamtuda auyldan týlep úshqan Jap­pekenning tuysy, kәsip­kerlikpen aina­­­­lysyp jýrgen Alma­tydaghy "GeoStroy­Serviys" birlestigining bas diyrektory Syzdyq Borsabaev kóp enbek sinirdi. Syzdyqtyng úly kýishi Sýgir Áliúlynyng tughanyna 125 jyl jәne onyng shәkirti Ergentay Borsabaevtyng tughanyna 80 jyl tolghan 2007 jyly Sozaq audany­nyng orta­lyghynda úlan-asyr as berip, kýy ónerin nasihattaudan respublikalyq bayqau ótkizgenin júrt jaqsy biledi.

Adam balasy ertengi kýnge ýmit ar­tuyn toqtatpaydy. Múndayda: "Uaqyt bәrine tóreshi. Eshkimning enbegi úmy­tyl­maydy, uaqyt bәrin oryn-ornyna qoyady" degen qaghidany kóni­limizge qan­sha toq sanayyq desek te sol siyrek ta­lant iye­leri­ning qadir-qasiyetin shyn sezi­nip ósken, halqyna sinirgen enbegining baghasyn jetik biletin kózkórgen, jaqyn aralasqan jandar birtindep ómirden ótip bara jat­qa­­nyn kórip-bilip oty­ryp, olardyng kele­­shekte shynynda da layyqty ornyn alatynyna kýdikpen qaraytyn kezing bolady eken. Talant iyesining naghyz bagha­syn berip, ónerdegi ornyn aiqyn­dap ketetin onyng qatar ómir sýrgen zamandas­tary, halyqtyq dәstýrli ónerding qadir-qasiyetin shyn sezinip ósken jandar emes pe degen oigha toqtaymyz. Áuen men sarynnyng týsin ajyratyp, dәmin tatqan Jappastanu óneri men ilimi telegey teniz túnghiyq әlem ispettes.

Avtory: Ótesh QYRGhYZBAEV, Qazaqstan Jazushylar odaghynyng mýshesi, QR mәdeniyet qayratkeri.  «Egemen Qazaqstan», 386-388 (25785) 24 QARAShA SEYSENBI 2009 JYL

 

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