Jogharghy Sot otbasylyq-túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyq salasyndaghy qúqyq búzushylargha jazany kýsheytudi, «qamaqqa alu ýilerin» qúrudy qoldaydy.

Jogharghy Sottyng qylmystyq ister jónindegi sot alqasynyng tóraghasy Ábdirashid Jýkenov otbasylyq-túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyq salasyndaghy qylmystyq ister jәne әkimshilik qúqyq búzushylyq turaly ister boyynsha sot praktikasy mәseleleri boyynsha kenes ótkizdi. Talqylaugha Bas Prokuraturanyn, IIM-ning ókilderi, sudiyalar, ghalymdar men advokattar qatysty.

Kenesti asha otyryp, Á.Jýkenov: «Otbasylyq qarym-qatynastardyng dúrys negizderin qalyptastyru jәne saqtau memleketting basym mәselelerining biri bolyp tabylady. Qazirgi uaqytta qoghamda otbasylyq-túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyq ýshin jauapkershilikti qatandatu boyynsha ghylymy dau jalghasuda, - dep atap ótti.

Onyng aituynsha, Qazaqstanda úryp-soghu jәne densaulyqqa qasaqana jenil ziyan keltiru qúramdary birneshe ret Qylmystyq kodeksten ÁQBtK-ge auystyrylghan, búl әkimshilik jauaptylyq shenberinde qúqyq búzushylyqtardyng osy qúramdaryn anyqtaudyng joghary tiyimdiligin kórsetti. Osy әkimshilik qúqyq búzushylyqtardy qylmystyq sanatqa auystyrugha baylanysty ózgerister, kerisinshe, eldegi túrmystyq qylmystyng jaghdayyna teris әser etti.

Mәselen, eger 2015 jylgha deyin densaulyghyna jenil ziyan keltirgeni ýshin 3,5-4 myngha juyq otbasylyq deboshir әkimshilik jauaptylyqqa tartylsa, onda jana Qylmystyq kodeksting qabyldanuymen ol 6 esege – 700-750-ge deyin azayghan. Keyin, 2017 jyldan bastap, osy qúqyq búzushylyqtardy QK-den ÁQBtK-ge auystyrghannan keyin olardy tirkeu 10 eseden astam ósti.

Á.Jýkenov otbasylyq-túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyq salasyndaghy qúqyq búzushylargha qatysty jazany kýsheytu qajettigin atap ótti. Spiyker әkimshilik ister boyynsha jýieli týrde tartylatyn adamdargha 45 nemese 60 tәulikke deyin qamaqqa alu jazasyn taghayyndaugha jәne eskertu týrindegi jazany alyp tastaugha jәne neghúrlym qatang sanksiyalar kózdeudi oryndy dep sanaydy.

Odan keyin Á. Jýkenov jurnalisterge arnalghan brifingte әkimshilik is sotqa qarau ýshin kelip týsken kezde, sot isterding jartysyn taraptardyng tatulasqandary ýshin toqtatu jiyilep ketkenine alandaushylyq bildirdi. Jәbirlenushining aryzdy keri qaytaryp alu qúqyghy jazanyng búltartpaushylyq qaghidatynyng búzyluyna әkeledi. Spiyker úsaq qylmystyq teris qylyqtar men әkimshilik qúqyq búzushylyqtardy dereu qarau boyynsha halyqaralyq standarttargha ótu mindetin belgiledi. Deboshir sotqa sol kýni, qajet bolsa alghashqy tәulik ishinde kelui kerek. Sonda tatulasu, ayaushylyq mәseleleri joyylady», - dedi A.Jýkenov.

Jogharghy sot qúqyq búzushylardy jauapqa tartu prosesin jenildetu qajettiligine barynsha nazar audaruda. Qylmystyq teris qylyqtar turaly ister boyynsha, onyng ishinde otbasylyq túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyq salasynda polisiya qúqyghy modeli boyynsha jekelegen onaylatylghan is jýrgizu bolugha tiyis. Problema retinde aldymen otbasylyq deboshirler men úsaq qylmyskerlerdi ústaytyn «qamaqqa alu ýileri» dep atalatyn jeke oryndardyng joqtyghyn kórsetedi. Memleket atalghan problemanyng ózektiligin týsine otyryp, qamaqqa alu ýilerin qúru jóninde sharalar qabyldauy tiyis, onda keshendi profilaktikalyq júmystar jýrgiziletin bolady.

Qylmystyq teris qylyqtar turaly kodeks qabyldanyp, teris qylyqtar men keybir aiqyn qylmystardy da Qylmystyq kodeksten auystyru qajet. Ákimshilik qamaqqa alugha, shygharyp jiberuge jәne basqa da jaza týrlerine әkep soghatyn ÁQBtK-den keybir jazalardy da qosu kerek. ÁQBtK-de memlekettik organdar sottyng sheshiminsiz óz betinshe jaza qoldana alatyn әkimshilik qúqyq búzushylyqty ghana saqtau, qoghamdyq júmystar týrindegi jazalar boyynsha oryndau tetigin kózdeu qajet.

Túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyq salasyndaghy ister boyynsha jәbirlenushilerding qúqyqtaryn qamtamasyz etu maqsatynda jeke tәrtip isteri boyynsha is jýrgizudi qysqartu jәne olardy jeke-jariya jәne jariya aiyptau isteri sanatyna auystyru kerek. Ákimshilik qúqyq búzushylyq turaly ister boyynsha QPK-ning (QPK-ning 165-baby) balamasy boyynsha ony negizgi әkimshilik jazamen qatar qoldana otyryp, «jaqyndaugha tyiym salu» týrinde qosymsha mәjbýrleu sharalary kózdelsin.

«Túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyqtyng profilaktikasy turaly» Zangha sәikes túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyqtan zardap shekkenderdi memleket kepildik bergen zang kómegin alugha qúqyghy bar adamdar qataryna qosu qajet.

Múnday isterdi qarau, A.Jýkenovtyng pikirinshe, әkimshilik qúqyq búzushylyq turaly ister boyynsha is jýrgizumen úqsas tez jýrgizilip, bey-bereket bolmauy tiyis.

Búdan basqa, jogharghy sot alqasynyng basshysy qylmystyng damuyna yqpal etetin sebepter men jaghdaylardy joy maqsatynda jas ghalymdardy osy qyzmetke tarta otyryp, qylmysqa baylanysty neghúrlym tereng zertteulerdi jýzege asyru ýshin kriminologiyany ghylym retinde qayta qúrudyng manyzdylyghyn atap ótti.

Bas Prokurordyng orynbasary Áset Shyndaliyev otbasylyq-túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyq boyynsha jazalardy qatandatu shenberinde jýrgizilip jatqan júmystar turaly habardar etti. Mәselen, aghymdaghy jyldyng mamyr aiynan bastap «kinәlige materialdyq nemese ózge de tәueldi adamgha qatysty» jana saralau belgisi engizildi. Mәjilis deputattary QK-ning 106 jәne 107-baptarynan densaulyqqa ortasha jәne auyr ziyan boyynsha «bas bostandyghyn shekteu» týrindegi jazany alyp tastaudy, tek bas bostandyghynan aiyru jazasyn ghana qaldyru boyynsha jana týzetuler engizudi pysyqtauda.

Resmy derekter boyynsha, 2023 jyldyng 10 aiynda qazaqstandyq sottar 62 mynnan astam isti qaraghan, onyng 56%-i (34 myn) taraptardyng tatulasuyna baylanysty toqtatylghan. JS sudiyasy Mәdeniyet Omarbekova polisiya organdary tarapynan profilaktikalyq júmystyng bolmauy da problemalardyng biri ekenin atap ótti. Faktiler anyqtaluda, jazalau sharalary taghayyndaluda, biraq búl deboshirlerding zansyz әreketterdi jalghastyruyn toqtatpaydy.

Múnday isterdi qarau praktikasy turaly aita otyryp, jogharghy sot sudiyasy deboshirlerding derekteri engiziletin baza, sonday-aq olargha jekelegen ortalyqtar qúrudy úsyndy. «Olarda keshendi profilaktikalyq júmystar jýrgiziletin bolady. Eger múnday adam, mysaly, alkogolige tәueldilikten zardap shegetin bolsa, onda oghan narkologtar, psihologtar kómek kórsetedi, ony onaltu turaly mәsele tuyndaydy», – dep sanaydy jogharghy sot sudiyasy.

Advokat Áliya Ilkenova túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyqtan zardap shekken jәbirlenushilerdi memleket kepildik bergen zang kómegin alugha qúqyghy bar adamdardyng qataryna qosudy úsyndy. Onyng aituynsha, búl shara túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyq qúrbandaryna advokattargha tegin zangerlik kómek alu qúqyghyn qamtamasyz etedi.

Adam qúqyqtary jónindegi últtyq ortalyqtyng ókili Bolat Beyisov jalpy kýsh-jigerding nazary túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyqtyng aldyn alugha baghyttaluy tiyis dep sanaydy. Búl bilim dengeyi, qúqyqtyq bilim, genderlik stereotipterdi alyp tastau, salauatty ómir salty men túrmystyq әdetterdi nasihattau bolyp tabylady.

Talqylau qorytyndysy boyynsha problemalyq mindetterdi tiyimdi sheshu ýshin otbasylyq-túrmystyq zorlyq-zombylyq salasyndaghy zandy odan әri reformalau boyynsha birqatar úsynystar qabyldandy.