316-atqyshtar diviziyasy 1941 jyldyng jazynda (mausym aiy) Almaty qalasynda jasaqtaldy. General IY.V.Panfilovty sol kezdegi Qazaqstan Ortalyq Komiytetining birinshi hatshysy Júmabay Shayahmetov Frunze qalasynan (qazirgi Bishkek) shaqyrtyp alyp, (Qyrghyzstanda garnizon komandiyri bolatyn) Almatyda arnayy diviziya jasaqtaugha kenes berdi.

Sonymen qatar, soghys kezinde Qazaqstanda basqa da biraz diviziyalar qúrylghan bolatyn. Almaty týbindegi Talghar audany aumaghynda  diviziya qúramyndaghy әskerler birneshe ay boyy jattyghudan ótip, osy jyldyng 17 qyrkýieginde eshelongha tiyelip maydangha attanyp ketti. Diviziya qúramynyng 70 payyzy qazaqtardan túrdy, qalghandary – orys, qyrghyz, úighyr, dýngen, tatar, taghy basqa últ ókilderinen túrdy.

316-atqyshtar diviziyasy aldymen qorshaudaghy Leningrad týbine týsirilgen edi. Biraq, Iosif Stalin jaghdaydyng qiyndap, jaudyng Mәskeu týbine tayap kelgendigine oray, Qazaqstanda jasaqtalghan diviziyany jedeldetip beri  aldyryp, marshal K.Rokossovskiyding qaramaghyndaghy 16-armiyagha qosty. Múndaghy әsker jaudy say-salamen, sonday-aq ormanmen keletin bolar degen oimen, 16-armiyanyng qúramyna kiretin barlyq diviziyalar, bólimder jәne soghys tehnikalary osy orman men saylargha ornalastyrylghan bolatyn .

Shynynda da, nemister Mәskeuge soghysty osy baghyttan bastaghan edi. Jaudyng oiy Mәskeuge tura aparatyn jazyqta ornalasqan Volokolamsk audany jәne ondaghy Dubosekovo trassasyna kóp kónil audarmaghan edi. Olar, orystar әskerining kóbin sol jazyq dalagha ornalastyrghan bolar degen pikirde bolatyn. Volokolamsk audanyna janadan kelgen almatylyq 316-atqyshtar diviziyasyn marshal Rokossovskiy 44 shaqyrymdyq (kilometr) ashyq dalagha ornalastyrdy. Mәskeuge barugha úmtylghan jau orman, ózen, say-salasy mol baghyttan qatty qarsylyq kórip óte almaghan song (búl aralarda  Rokossovskiyding diviziyalary men soghys tehnikalary ornalasqan edi) fashister Volokolamsk baghytyna barlaushylar jiberip, Mәskeuge tayau ornalasqan audannyng jәne Dubosekovo jolynyng ashyq jatqanyn bildi, sonday-aq jaqynda ghana kelip ornalasyp jatqan bir diviziya ghana baryn anyqtady.

Erte qimyldamay, ózderining aldanyp qalghanyn bilip qatty ókindi. «Áskerdi bayaghydan osy baghytpen jibergende, Mәskeuding tabaldyryghynan ótip ketip, orys kóshelerinde oiran salyp jatar edik-au» dep olar ókindi. Sóitti de, Mәskeudi alugha arnalghan barlyq kýshti jәne tehnikany Volokolamsk baghytyna dereu audardy. Sóitip, jalghyz diviziya ornalasqan aumaqty birneshe saghatta tas-talqanyn shygharyp, tas jolmen tankilerdi Mәskeuge kirgizip jiberuge úmtyldy.

Biraq kóresini osy jalghyz Qazaqstandyq diviziyadan kórdi. Orystardyng Sibirde jasaqtalyp jatqan diviziyalarynan әli habary joq bolatyn. Nemister birden ýsh jayau әsker diviziyasyn, sonymen qatar, bir motorly tehnikalary bar diviziya men 700-ge tarta tankisi bar diviziyany tez arada osy  Volokolamsk audanyna audardy. Basqa diviziyalaryn da osy baghytqa tezdetip jinaqtay bastady. Qazan aiynyng ortasyna taman Mәskeudi alugha arnalghan barlyq kýsh osy aziyalyq jalghyz diviziyany neghúrlym tez taptap óte shyghugha jabyla ketti. 

Keyinnen qolgha týsken jaudyng bir ofiyserining qaltasynan tabylghan hatta,  ýiine bylay dep jazghan eken (aty- jóni Kromer): «2 qazan kýni Mәskeuge kiremiz dep oilap edik, soghan dayyndalyp jýrgenbiz, aldymyzdaghy ónkey aziyalyq elding adamdarynan qúralghan diviziyany qúrtyp jibere almay toqtap qaldyq. Ózderi qyrylyp jatsa da sheginbeytin bireuler eken. Áskerimizding jýregi qaytyp qalghan sekildi. Biraq furerding búiryghyn aldyq. Osy manaydaghy  Mәskeudi alugha jinaqtalghan 28 diviziyanyng barlyghyn osy baghytqa jiberuge búiyrghan eken. Mýmkin, osy kýshpen jarty kýnning ishinde búlardy taptap ótermiz. Kelesi hatty Mәskeude jazarmyn» depti (F.Selivanov «Panfilovsy»). 

Panfilov diviziyasyndaghy әrbir rota men vzvodta tankterge granat laqtyrushylar toby úiymdastyryldy. Búghan jýrekti, kýshti azamattar iriktelip alyndy. Granattar men janghysh zattar solargha berildi. Qiyan-keski soghystar jýrip jatty. Mysaly, agha leytenant Raykinning okoptaryna birden 40 tank lap qoydy. Olargha ilese nemisterding jayau әskerleri keledi. Tankilerding biri soldat Tóleqabylov (Almaty oblysynyng tumasy) jatqan okopqa tayap keldi. Ol úshyp túryp, granata laqtyrdy. Jarylghan granata tankining ishine týsip, gýrs etken dauys estildi. Mine, oghan ekinshi tank tayap kelip qaldy. Tóleqabylov jandyrghysh súiyq zat qúiylghan bótelkeni laqtyrdy, tank órtenip ketti. Erjýrek jauyngerge qaray ýshinshi tank kele jatty, ol taghy da granata laqtyrdy. Ózi de auyr jaralandy. Taghy bir tank qasyna kelip qaldy. Tóleqabylov laqtyrugha shamasy kelmey granatany bauyryna qysyp ústap, tankining shynjyr tabanynyng astyna baryp qúlady.

Diviziyadaghy granat laqtyrushylardyng toby negizinen qazaq jigitterinen qúralghan bolatyn. Olar ózderine berilgen tapsyrmany erlikpen oryndap shyqty. Biraq birde-bireui tiri qalmady. Qayran azamattargha Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyn eshkim úsynghan da, bergen de joq. 

Almatyda jasaqtalghan 316-atqyshtar diviziyasy Mәskeu týbinde Sibirden keletin diviziyalar osy aragha jetkenshe, bir aidan asa uaqyt jaudyng súrapyl kýshin bir ózi ústap túrdy. Keyinnen búl diviziyagha Gvardiya ataghy berilip, Sibirden kelgen әskermen tolyqtyrylsa da, búrynghy diviziyadaghy qazaq jauyngerlerining kópshilik bóligi qaza tapqan edi. Búl kezde orystyng qaharly qysy da kelip jetken bolatyn. German tehnikalary jәne әskerleri qatty ayazdan shabuylgha shygha almay, tehnikasy qatyp, әskerining biraz bóligi ýsip ketken bolatyn. Sonda Mәskeu kimning arqasynda aman qaldy jәne ony  qanyn tógip, kimder qorghap qaldy?! 

Beysenghazy Úlyqbek,

Qazaqstan Jurnalister odaghynyng mýshesi

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