Dýisenbi, 29 Sәuir 2024
Janalyqtar 2721 0 pikir 6 Shilde, 2011 saghat 19:23

Erkebúlan Álimhanúly. AQSh jәne Barak Obama

Biylghy eleuli tarihy oqighalardyng arasynda AQSh-tyng jauy, әlemdegi №1 terrorist dep qabyldanghan Usama Ben Ladenning óltirilui, aldaghy ailardan bastap AQSh әskerining Aughanstannan shygharylatyndyghy boldy. Kenes әskeri Aughanstangha kirgennen keyin sonau 80-shy jyldary payda bolghan Ben Laden esimi, 2001 jylghy 11-qyrkýiek teraktisinen keyin kýlli әlem tanydy. Tipti jahandaghy eng tanymal túlghalardyng arasynan oiyp túryp oryn aldy. Osy teraktiden keyin Ben Ladenning qyr sonyna týsken AQSh, Aughanstan men Irakqa basyp kirgennen keyin arada tura on jyl ótkende ghana terroristing kózin joya aldy. On jyl boyy taptyrmaghan Ben Ladenning izi Pәkistannan shyqty.

AQSh ýkimetine qyryn sarapshylardyng kópshiligi Ben Ladendi kezinde Aughanstangha kirgen KSRO-gha qarsy qoldanghan AQSh-tyng jansyzy dep qabyldady jәne onyng Ortalyq Barlau Basqarmasyna júmys jasaghanyn aitady. Olar, AQSh Aughanstan men Irakqa basyp kiru ýshin Ben Laden degen jau oilap tapqanyn jazady (keybiri búl adamnyng әldeqashan kóz júmghanyna senedi). Sondyqtan búl sarapshylar Ben Ladenning kózin jong operasiyasy AQSh-tyng kezekti oiyny dep biledi. Olay bolsa quyrshaq Ben Ladenning kózin qúrtu nege qazir kerek boldy?

Biylghy eleuli tarihy oqighalardyng arasynda AQSh-tyng jauy, әlemdegi №1 terrorist dep qabyldanghan Usama Ben Ladenning óltirilui, aldaghy ailardan bastap AQSh әskerining Aughanstannan shygharylatyndyghy boldy. Kenes әskeri Aughanstangha kirgennen keyin sonau 80-shy jyldary payda bolghan Ben Laden esimi, 2001 jylghy 11-qyrkýiek teraktisinen keyin kýlli әlem tanydy. Tipti jahandaghy eng tanymal túlghalardyng arasynan oiyp túryp oryn aldy. Osy teraktiden keyin Ben Ladenning qyr sonyna týsken AQSh, Aughanstan men Irakqa basyp kirgennen keyin arada tura on jyl ótkende ghana terroristing kózin joya aldy. On jyl boyy taptyrmaghan Ben Ladenning izi Pәkistannan shyqty.

AQSh ýkimetine qyryn sarapshylardyng kópshiligi Ben Ladendi kezinde Aughanstangha kirgen KSRO-gha qarsy qoldanghan AQSh-tyng jansyzy dep qabyldady jәne onyng Ortalyq Barlau Basqarmasyna júmys jasaghanyn aitady. Olar, AQSh Aughanstan men Irakqa basyp kiru ýshin Ben Laden degen jau oilap tapqanyn jazady (keybiri búl adamnyng әldeqashan kóz júmghanyna senedi). Sondyqtan búl sarapshylar Ben Ladenning kózin jong operasiyasy AQSh-tyng kezekti oiyny dep biledi. Olay bolsa quyrshaq Ben Ladenning kózin qúrtu nege qazir kerek boldy?

2001 jylgha teraktiden keyin Aughanstan men Irakqa basyp kiru AQSh-tyng imidjiyne ýlken núqsan keltirdi. Osyghan deyin demokratiya men adam qúqyqtarynyng oshaghy dep sanalyp kelgen el endigi jerde agressor, imperealist degen atqa ie boldy. Múnday ataqtan qútylyp qaytadan demokratiya ortalyghyna ainalu ýshin AQSh-qa tarihta bolmaghan ýlken bir ózgeris qajet edi. Alyp elding sayasy sarapshylary men jasyryn elitasy tyng ózgeris engizuge bel sheshe kiristi. Ózine jýktelgen funksiyany «abyroymen» atqaryp shyqqan Kishi Bushtyng preziydenttik merzimi bituge tayaghan bolatyn. Endeshe jaghymsyz Bushtyng ornyna AQSh-tyng jana preziydenti gumanist, әri demokratiyashyl boluy tiyis dep sheshti. Eger ol qoghamdaghy azshylyqtar toptardan shyqqan bolsa tipten jaqsy. Osylaysha tandau Barak Obama men Hillary Klintongha týsti. Qay-qaysysy preziydent bolsa da el tarihyna jana lep әkeledi, әlemge ózderinde nәsilshildik, genderlik sayasat tb problemalardyng joq ekenin kórsetedi. Alayda búl ekeuining arasynan Obamanyng kandidaturasy tiyimdirek bolatyn. Óitkeni Klinton hanym preziydent bolyp saylanghanmen, ol eshqashan «Temir ledi» Margaret Tetcherding ataghynan asyp týse almaydy, olay bolsa AQSh-tiki tek qana qaytalau ghana bolady da, әlemdegi imidjine ong әseri azyraq bolady. Demek Barak Obamany preziydent etip saylau kerek, osylaysha әlemge ózderinde nәsilshildik, azshylyqty alalau, qanday da bir últtyq, diny tb erekshelikterge baylanysty bóluding joq ekenin kórsetedi, әri basqa elderden de osynday alalaulargha jol bermeudi talap ete alady, әlemdegi intelliygentterding aldynda da bedeli ósedi.

Alayda sayasy elitanyng búl sheshimine AQSh qoghamy dayyn bolmay shyqty. Sondyqtan Klinton men Obama ekeuin Demokratiyalyq partiyanyng atynan saylaugha týsirip, Respublikalyq partiyanyng atynan Vietnam soghysynyng ardageri dep Djon Makkeyndi shyghardy. Osy arqyly halyqtyng jasy úlghayghan Makkeyndi emes Obamany saylauyna jol ashudy kózdedi. Biraq kәriligine qaramastan nәsilshil halyqtyng Makkeyndi tandap ketui mýmkin ekenin eskerip, viyse preziydenttikke sayasatkerge qaraghanda modelidik beynesi basym, qoghamda kóptegen әjualargha negiz bolghan Sara Peylindi úsyndy. Onyng ýstine kóptegen úiymdar arqyly Obamany nasihattau keng jýrgizildi, ony daghdarysqa úrynghan AQSh ekonomikasyn qútqarushy retinde sipattady. Osylaysha Obamany preziydent etip «saylatqan» sayasy elita AQSh tarihynda eleuli ózgeris jasady.

Ýgit-nasihat barysynda Obama Irak pen Aughanstandaghy soghys ayaqtalghanyn, AQSh-tyng búl elderden әskerin alyp ketetinin aitqan bolatyn. Saylauda jengennen keyin әskerdi shygharu mәselesi kýn tәrtibinen keyin shegerile berdi, ekonomikada ayaqqa túryp kete salmady, oghan Liviyadaghy soghys kelip qosyldy. Nәtiyjesinde Obamanyng halyq arasyndaghy bedeli de tómendey berdi. Kongress deputattarynyng bir bóligining (negizinen Respublikashyldar) Obamadan Liviyadaghy operasiyany toqtatudy talap etui de onyng bedeline núqsan keltirdi. 2012 jylghy saylau da tayap qaldy, eger manyzdy sharalardy qolgha almasa Obamanyng kezekti merzimge saylana almaytynyn úqqan sarapshylar AQSh halqy kópten kýtken jaghymdy janalyqty, yaghny Aughanstannan әsker shygharudy bastaudy jón kórdi, al saylau aldy baghdarlamasynda ol әsker shygharudy Iraktan bastaytynyn aitqan bolatyn (Barak Obamanyng saylau aldy baghdarlamasy men jýrgizip otyrghan sayasaty arasynda qayshylyqtar bar[1]). Biraq әsker shygharu ýshin jeniske jetkenderin, óz missiyalarynyng ayaqtalghanyn kórsetu kerek. Al Aughanstanda missiya ayaqtaldy dep aitatyn bolsa jii jarylyp otyrghan teraktilerge qarap eshkim nanbaydy, endeshe quyrshaq Usama Ben Ladenning kózin joyyp jauymyzdy óltirdik missiyamyz ayaqtaldy dep shyghyp ketken jón. Onyng ýstine «Ben Laden oiyny» tym úzaqqa sozylyp ketti, onyng tek viydeodan kórinip basqa jerden izi shyqpaghanyna qarap, múnday adamnyng joq ekenine halyqtyng kópshiligi de ilana bastaghan bolatyn.

Shyndyghynda AQSh-ty Aughanstannan shyghugha tek qana 2012 jylghy saylau ghana iytermelep otyrghan joq. El ekonomikasy daghdarysty ensere almay otyr. Al Aughanstanda әsker ústau kóp shyghyn talap etude, AQSh bolsa qorghanysqa bólinetin qarjyny aldaghy jyldary birtindep 400 miliard dollargha qysqartudy josparlap otyr[2]. AQSh-tyng Aughanstandaghy jalpy әsker sany 98 000, onyng 10 000 biyl, aldaghy jyly qyrkýiekke deyin jalpy 33 000 әsker shygharyluy tiyis. Búl keler jyly budjetti 17 miliard dollargha ýnemdeuge mýmkindik beredi.[3] Al budjet tapshylyghy rekordtyq kórsetkish 1,5 trillion dollargha[4] jetken el ýshin búl ýlken ýnem. Aughanstanda әsker ústaugha 2010 jyly 100 miliard dollar shyghyn ketken, oghan Irak ýshin ketip otyrghan 62 miliardty qosynyz.[5] Lividaghy әue soqqylaryna alghashqy aida 750 million dollargha taghy shyghyndaldy, sóitip onyng shyghyny da alghash jobalanghan somadan asyp týsti.[6] AQSh halyqaralyq arenada ózin derjava retinde kórsete bastaghan 1898 jylghy Kuba soghysynan bastap sanaghanda 25 intervensiya jasapty.[7] Biraq songhy ýsh soghys AQSh budjetine auyr soqqy bolyp tiydi, óitkeni daghdarystaghy ekonomikanyng soghys shyghyndaryn kótererlik hali joq. Ekonomika resessiyagha úrynbasy ýshin amalsyz budjet qarjysyn ýnemdeuge tura keledi. Áriyne ýnemge eng kóp qarjy bólinetin qorghanys salasy birinshi úshyraydy. Obama әkimshiligining 2023 jylgha deyin budjet qarjysyn 400 miliardqa qysqartu jospary da amalsyz jasalyp otyrghan qadam. Áriyne búl jospardy qorghanys óndirisining oligarhtary men agressor realister dep atalatyn sarapshylar jyly qarsy alghan joq. Qorghanys ministri Robert Geyts bolsa búl sayasatqa narazylyq retinde otstavkagha ketude.

AQSh-tyng múnday halin kórgen ekonomika sarapshylary Qytaydyng kýtken uaqyttan әldeqayda erterek birinshi ekonomikagha ainalugha mýmkindigi bar ekenin aituda. Bedeli zor úiymgha jatatyn, әlem elderining ekonomikasyn taldap saralap otyratyn, osylaysha bolashaqqa gipotezalar jasaytyn Halyqaralyq Valuta Qory bolsa 2016 jyly Qytaydyng AQSh-ty basyp ozuy mýmkin ekenin algha tartady.[8]

Robert Geytsting jәne AQSh-tyng qorghanys budjetin qysqartugha narazy sarapshylardyng kýiinetindey jóni de bar. Ókshelep kele jatqan Qytay әskery salada AQSh-tan әldeqayda artta qalghanyn, sondyqtan búl salanyng budjetin úlghaytudy jalghastyratynyn aityp otyr. 2011 jyly 5-mausymda Singapurde ótken konferensiyada Qytay qorghans ministri Liang Guanly «AQSh-tan әskery salada 20 jylgha artta qalyp kele jatqandyqtaryn, ózderining әli kóbine 2 -kezeng qarularyn qoldanyp jýrgenderin, al basqa elderding әldeqashan 3-qarulargha ótkenin, búl olqylyqtyng ornyn toltyrugha tyrysatyndyqtaryn»[9] aityp ótti.

Múnday kórsetkishter men boljamdardyng barlyghy Obamanyng bedeline soqqy bolyp tiide. Obama әkimshiligining shyghyndardy qysqartyp budjet tapshylyghyn azaytugha tyrysqan sayasaty da kóp syngha úshyrauda. Preziydentting qaltaly Amerikalyqtargha salyqty kóbeytip, budjet shyghyndaryn azaytudy úsynghan jobasyna әzirge Kongresste basymdyqqa ie Respublikalyqtar ong qabaq tanytpauda. Eger shyghandar azaymaytyn bolsa AQSh qaryzdaryn qaytara almauyna baylanysty defolt jariyalauy da mýmkin.

AQSh-tyng qorghanys budjetin qysqartuy әlemdik arenadan sheginisining bastalghanyn bildiredi. Bir superderjavanyng әlsirep, onyng ornyn basar ekinshi bir super derjava tabylmay túrghan uaqyt «belgisizdik kezen» degen ataugha ie bolghan. Tariyhqa jýginsek múnday belgisizdik kezeng HH gh. alghashqy jartysynda oryn alghan eken. Ol kezde Úlybritaniyanyng әlemdik arenadan sheginuine baylanysty onyng ornyn basugha úmtylghan derjavalar arasynda soghys shyghyp әlem eki birdey dýniyejýzilik soghys jәne basqa da kóptegen soghystar oryn alghan eng bir tynyshsyz uaqyt edi. Tek KSRO men AQSh әlemge ýstemdik qúrghansha búl belgisizdik kezeni jalghasty, KSRO ydyraghannan keyin AQSh-tyng shamasy әlemdi uysynda ústaugha jetip otyrdy. Biraq arada jiyrma jyl ótken song ol kýsh tausylughy ainalghanday. Endeshe әlem taghy bir belgisizdik kezenine kirip otyr. Búl belgisizdik kezende dýniyejýzilik soghystar oryn ala qoymas (onda adamzattyng sony da keledi), biraq aimaqtyq tynyshsyzdyqtardyng shyghu yqtimaly ýlken.

Endeshe bizge de etek-jendi qymqyryp, bir shoqyp eki qaraytyn kez kelgendey. Óitkeni bizding tәuelsizdigimiz әlemdik sayasattaghy óte sәtti kezenge dóp keldi, AQSh alysta edi, Resey óz ishki mәselesimen bas auyrtyp jatqan bolatyn, Qytay әli iri derjava retinde sanalmaytyn.

 



[1] http://www.chaskor.ru/article/obeshchanie_pobedy_5978

[2] http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/jun/26/gates-leaves-legacy-of-major-achievements-contradi/

[3] http://defensenews.com/story.php?i=6893124&c=AME&s=TOP

[4] http://infox.ru/business/finances/2011/04/12/Dyeficit_byudzhyeta_.phtml

[5] http://defensenews.com/story.php?i=6893124&c=AME&s=TOP

[6] http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=6488239&c=AIR&s=MID

[7] http://www.foreignpolicyi.org/content/cutting-defense-would-place-us-greater-peril-debt-crisis

[8] http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1380486/The-Age-America-ends-2016-IMF-predicts-year-Chinas-economy-surpass-US.html

[9] http://defensenews.com/story.php?i=6736116&c=ASI&s=LAN

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