Beysenbi, 2 Mamyr 2024
Kórshining kólenkesi 4448 3 pikir 5 Qazan, 2018 saghat 09:32

Jol aiyryghyndaghy Qytay

Qytay yqpaly, Qytay ýreyi, Qytay modeli degender qazir әlemde eng jii talqylanatyn taqyrypqa ailanghan. Qyryq jyl qarqyndy damyp, ekonomikalyq ósim men halyqtyng әl-auqatyn týzeude, dýniyejýzilik naryqqa tauar úsynu men qarjy jetkizude aitaqalsyn jetistikterge jetken Qytay, tóragha Sy biylikke kelgeli әlemdik әngimelerde “aytary baryn” ashyq bildire bastady. Bar әngimme “tanghajayyp” delinetin ekonomikalyq ósimnen bastau alady. Qyryq jyl boyy ortasha 9.6%-tik qarqynmen ósken Qytaydyng JIÓ 2011 jyly әlemdegi ekinshi oryngha myqtap jayghasty. Onyng basqalay әleuettik kórsetkishteri de jersharyndaghy birinshilikterdi baghyndyrdy.

Mysaly, ol әlemdegi eng iri eksport-import eli, eng iri tauar eksporttaushy el, eng iri valutalyq qor iyelenushi el, eng iri óndirushi-ónleushi el, taghysyn taghylar. Búl óz kezeginde Qytaygha, atap aitqanda, Qytay biyligine senim berdi, ruh berdi jәne jelik berdi.

Ary qaray, “Qytay armany” iydeyasy kóterildi, Aziya infraqúrylymdy investisiyalau banki qúryldy, “bir beldeu-bir jol” strategiyasy jariyalandy, jibek joly qory jasaqtaldy, Dennen keyingi mezgilde búljymas ústanym bolyp kelgen “aqyryn jýrip, anyq basatyn” diplomotiyalyq strategiya “aryndap yqpal jasau” strategiyasymen almastyryldy...

Atay keterligi, búl bastamalar әuelgide әlemdik qauymdastyq tarapynan iygi nyshan retinde jyly qabyldandy jәne retimen әm Qytay ýshin sәtti derlik jolgha qoyyla bastady. Osydan quattanghan jәne ekonomikalyq әleuetine bekem sengen Qytay әlemdik kóshbasshylyqtan dәmesi baryn ashyq anghartty. Ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghystan bergi AQSh basshylyghymen jasaqtalghan halyqaralyq qatynastar jýiesining әdiletsizdigin, onyng tek Amerikanyng ghana ynghayyna júmys jasap jatqandyghyn, onyng әzirgi elaralyq qatynastardy retteude qol bolmay qalghandyghyn algha tartyp, osynau “synarjaq” jýieden bas tartyp, kóz aldaghy halyqaralyq baylanystardy “adamzattyng taghdyrlastyq qauymdastyghy” túrghysynan qayta qaraudy, әzirgi real jaghdaygha sәikesetin әm barshagha birdey paydaly “janasha syipatty halyqaralyq qatynastar jýiesin” engizudi úsyndy. Demek, ol qazirgi rejimge baghynushydan jana rejim jasaqtap, sonyng erejelerin bekitushi bolugha niyetti ekendigin pash etti.

Al búl bastamalar men әreketterding iydeologiyalyq-teoriyalyq qaynar búlaghy-reformator Dennyng Qytaylyq ózgeshelikke ie sosializm teoriyasy bolatyn. Onyng mәni  sosializm ústyndaryn bayyrghy qatyp-semgen Marksizm qaghidattary qalpynda qabyldamay, ony Qytay ómirining erekshelikterine qabystyra jәne oghan naryqtyq qaghidattardy ýstey paydalanu bolyp tabylady. Osy iydeologiyanyng jeteginde enserilgen aitugha túrarlyq  jetistikter jayly damudyng “Qytaylyq tәjiriybesi”, “Qytaylyq joly”, “Qytaylyq modeli” deytin úghymdar payda bolghan. Kóptegen damushy elder Qytay tәjiriybesin engizuge úmtylysyn bayqatyp, Damyghan elder de aiqara ashylghan Qytay naryghyna mýddelelik túrghysynan den qoyghan-dy.

Mine búlar Qytay biyligine mynaday senim úyalatty: sosializm iydeologiyalarynan bas tartpay-aq naryqtyq qatynastardy iygeruge jәne qalyptastyrugha bolady, Qytay adamzattyng damuy men osyzamandanuynyng әspettelip kelgen batystyq ýlgisinen tyng әm onymen parallel jana jolyn ashty!

Ary qaray biylikting osy tanymyn tәpsirlep, senimin bekemdeytin neshe týrli dәlelder men dәiekter, negizdemeler men teoriyalar jarysa qauashaq ashty. Damudyng Qytaylyq jolynyng syryn dәstýrli ekonomiya teoriyalarynan ada әdistememen týsindiretin alabóten janasha ekonomikalyq teoriya “tapqyrlauymyz”(?) kerek deytin; adamzat damuynyng Qytaylyq dәuirge ayaq basqandyghyn dәripteytin; elding Amerikadan barlyq jaghynan ozyp ketkendigimen sýiinshileytin; ekonomikalyq ómirde tuyndaghan kelensizdikterding bәrin naryqtyq retteuge jiberuden kóretin; aita berseniz, eldegi qartan ýderisining tuudy josparlau sayasatynyng jemisi sanap, Den reformalarynan ilik izdeytin; t.b. osy saryndaghy dәiekter men dәriptemeler, әlәuәilәr men әfsanalar qaptap ketti! Búl onsyzda baghytynan ainyghaly túrghan biylikke dem berdi. Sóz jýzinde reformashyldyq baghyttan auytqymau men esikting búrynghydan da aiqara ashylatyndyghy, ekonomikanyng ghalamdanu ýderisine onan ary kirisu niyeti qaytalay eskertilgenimen, qazirgi ústanymdaghy iydeologiya eldi solshyldyq baghytqa búryp barady.

Osyndayda eldi kórip túryp qúrdymgha jiberudi qalamaytyn memleketshilder shyr-pyr boluda. Eldegi barlyq jetistikterding tek tabandy әm tolassyz reformalar men әlemdik qauymdastyqqa jatyrqamay kiriguding nәtiyjesi ekendigin; tabys atauly bolsa, onyng tek qana әlemy tәjiriybede neshe ghasyrlyq synnan ótken naryqtyq retteulerdi engizuding jemisi ekendigin; qoghamdyq qayshylyqtardyng shegine jetip, reformalaudy qayta bastaudyng kezek kýttirmestigin; JIÓ boyynsha jersharyndaghy ekinshi oryngha shyghudyng el әleuetining barlyq jaghynan ekinshi oryngha jayghasqandyghynan derek bermeytinin; jalang ekonomikalyq kórsetkishterding elding qordaly quatynyng Amerikamen yiyq tiresuge jetkendigin quattaugha jetkiliksiz ekendigin; elderining әlemge jetekshilik etuding sharttarynan atymen alshaq jatqandyghyn dәleldep týsindirip, otandy sýngding qúr danghazagha qúrylghan formatynan bas tartugha shaqyrghan izgi tilekti, shynayy janashyr ziyaly qauym men últ patriottarynyng janayqayy janghyruda.

Kóz aldaghy Qytay qoghamynda sayasy túrghyda kompartiya biyligining qoghamdyq ómirding búrysh-búryshyna deyingi ýstemdigin qamtamasyz etu men reformashyl jyldar jylt etken demokratiya men erkindik úshqyndaryn sóndirip almaugha degen úmtylystyng arpalysy, ekonomikalyq túrghyda ómirge dendey kirgen naryqtyq retteu qúraldaryn onan ary jetildiru men ekonomikalyq alanda memleketting rólin arttyrugha bolghan úmtylystyng keregharlyghy, iydeologiya shebinde kompartiyalyq biylikting dәstýrli ýlgisin qayta tiriltu men liyberaldyq-demokratiyalyq ústyndardy qúrdymgha jiberip almaudyng teketiresi, búqaralyq ómirde kompartiyagha kózsiz tabynu men batystyq ómir saltyna ansarlyqtyng taytalasy qiyankeski jýrip jatyr. Qysqasy, jershary jan sanynyng shiyregin ústaytyn, әlemdik ekonomikalyq ósimge ýlestiligi 30%-ke jetken, halyqaralyq alanda damushy elderding sózústary esebindegi alyp el jol aiyryghynda túr.

Múhamedhan Qonarbaytegi

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