Beysenbi, 28 Nauryz 2024
Alashorda 17255 0 pikir 21 Qantar, 2015 saghat 12:37

QARLAG QALAY PAYDA BOLDY?

  1931 jyly Qaraghandy enbekpen-týzeu lageri úiymdastyryldy. Qarlag jýiesi sayasy qughyn-sýrgin qúrbany bolghan myndaghan jazyqsyz adamdardyng tartqan azabyna tozaq boldy.

Qazaqstar, nemister, ukraindar, polyaktar, evreyler, sheshender, fransuzdar, italiyandyqtar, japondyqtar, latyshtar, estondar sekildi kóptegen últ ókilderi NKVD-nyng abaqtysyna topyrlap týse berdi.

Qarlag — Qazaqstannyng Qaraghandy oblysyndaghy GULAG-tyng eng iri enbekpen-týzeu lagerlerining biri boldy.Ol, 1931 jyldyng 19 jeltoqsanynda úiymdastyrylyp, ortalyghy Qaraghandy qalasynan 45 shaqyrym jerdegi Dolinka auylynda ornalasty.

1940 jylghy Qarlagtyng aumaghy: 1 780 650 gektardy qúrap, soltýstikten ontýstikke deyin 300 shaqyrym, shyghystan batysqa deyin 200 shaqyrym jerdi alyp jatty.

Atalghan lagerdi úiymdastyrudaghy basty sebepterding biri — Ortalyq Qazaqstanda jedel qarqynmen ósip kele jatqan kómirli-metallurgiyalyq óndiris oryndary: Qaraghandy kómir basseyni, Jezqazghan jәne Balqash mys balqytu kombinattary ýshin iri azyq-týlik bazasyn qúru boldy.

1931 jyldan bastap Povoljie, Penza, Tambov, Kursk, Voronej, Orlov oblystarynda túrghan kedey sharualar tútqyngha alyna bastady. Olardy Qazaqstangha әkelip qonystandyru ýshin Reseyding ortalyq audandarymen temirjol qatynasyn ornatu kerek boldy. Qarlagtyng alghashqy tútqyndaryn Aqmoladan (qazirgi Astana) Qaraghandy qalasyna deyin jol salugha jiberdi.

1931 jyldyng mamyrynda temir jol qúrylysy ayaqtaldy.Osydan keyin Qaraghandy oblysyna jәne Osakarovka audanyna deyin jol salushylardyng otbasylary qonys audardy.

1931 jyldyng kýzinde 52 myng otbasy Ortalyq Qazaqstangha jetkizildi. Búzaulargha arnalghan vagondargha lyq tolghan otbasylar lek-legimen elimizge  aghyla bastady. Vagondardyng ishinde jýkti әielder men  kishkentay balalar, qarttar boldy. Sapar uaqytynda kóptegen adam qaytys bolyp ketti. Vagondarda marqúmdar men tiri adamdar birge barar jerine deyin birge jetse kerek.

Tiri qalghandardan deni sau, myqty adamdar iriktelip alyndy. Olargha auyr júmystar jýkteldi. Tútqyndar Qaraghandy-Balqash baghytyndaghy joldy salyp, qinalyp enbek etti. Enbek jaghdaylary nashar boldy. Kýndelikti   tamaq júmysqa jaramaghan normasyn istey almaghan adamdargha az mólsherde berildi. Osylaysha, auyr júmystan qatty qajyghan adamdar birden jan tapsyryp jatty. Múnday jayt siyrek emes edi. Qaytys bolghan adamdardyng denelerin temirjoldyng tóseme ýimesine salyp, birden (jermen-jeksen etip) kómip tastap otyrghan.

Qarlagtyng qarauynda arnayy ókilettigi, qaru-jaraghy, transport kólikteri, poshtasy, telegrafy boldy. Qarlagtyng jan-jaghy  200–400 shaqyrym radiusta biyik qorshaularmen oqshaulanghan. Kóshpeli sot alqasy júmys istedi. Sot ýkimi mekeme qabyrghasynda oryndalyp jatty. Ayypty dep tanylghan adamdy tizege otyrghyzyp, qazylghan shúnqyrdyng aldynda qoyyp, atyp tastaghan. Al, atyp tastalghan adamdardy «Qaytys boldy» degen griyfi bar tizimge engize bergen.

Qarlag sharuashylyghy tez damyp, órkendedi. Sebebi, Qarlag tútqyndary býkil әlemge tanymal ghalymdar, әskery qolbasshylar, mәdeniyet jәne sayasat ókilderi men basqa belgili túlghalar edi.

Osylaysha, Qarlag tozaghyna bir milliongha juyq adam týsken. Enbekpen-týzeu lagerining aqparaty qúpiyalandyrylghan, әitse de atalghan mekemening tozaghynan qútyla almaghan adamdardyng sany odan da kóp boluy mýmkin.Arada birtalay uaqyt ótkenimen lagerding tútqyndary ishinde sayasy tútqyndardyng sany azayyp ketken eken.

Qarlag 1959 jyldyng 27 shildesinde taratyldy.

Derekkózi: http://e-history.kz

Týpnúsqadaghy taqyryp:  QarLag. Talaylargha bolghan tozaq

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