Daryndy synshy, jýirik audarmashy Qaljan Núrmahanov (1927-1963) 1951 jyly Mәskeu memlekettik uniyversiytetin tәmamdap, 1951-1953 jyldarda KSRO Jazushylar Odaghynyng Orta Aziya men Qazaqstan boyynsha kenesshi, 1953-1954 jyldarda «Drujba narodov» jurnalynda әdeby qyzmetker, 1954-1955 jyldarda «Qazaqstan pioneri» gazetinde, sonan song «Ádebiyet jәne iskusstvo» («Júldyz») jurnalynda kórnekti әdebiyettanushy Ayqyn Núrqatovpen birge qyzmet jasaghan. Ayqyn Núrqatovtyng esteligine jýginsek, «suretker synshynyn» oilau men jazu mәdeniyeti, synshylyq óneri men ónegesi airyqsha bolghan, búghan qosa týrki tilderi men armyan tilin erkin bilgen.
Orys oishyly V.G.Belinskiy qazaq ómirimen etene jaqyn tanys tegi dvoryan, әskery qyzmetker V.A.Ushakovtyng (1789-1838) «Qyrghyz-Qaysaq» povesi jónindegi oi-tolghanystary qazaq oqyrmandary ýshin de býgingi tanda kókeykesti. Búl material «Júldyz» jurnalynda (№6, 1957) jaryq kórgen.
Serik NEGIMOV,  L.N.Gumiylev atyndaghy Euraziya últtyq uniyversiytetining professory, filologiya ghylymdarynyng doktory.

Daryndy synshy, jýirik audarmashy Qaljan Núrmahanov (1927-1963) 1951 jyly Mәskeu memlekettik uniyversiytetin tәmamdap, 1951-1953 jyldarda KSRO Jazushylar Odaghynyng Orta Aziya men Qazaqstan boyynsha kenesshi, 1953-1954 jyldarda «Drujba narodov» jurnalynda әdeby qyzmetker, 1954-1955 jyldarda «Qazaqstan pioneri» gazetinde, sonan song «Ádebiyet jәne iskusstvo» («Júldyz») jurnalynda kórnekti әdebiyettanushy Ayqyn Núrqatovpen birge qyzmet jasaghan. Ayqyn Núrqatovtyng esteligine jýginsek, «suretker synshynyn» oilau men jazu mәdeniyeti, synshylyq óneri men ónegesi airyqsha bolghan, búghan qosa týrki tilderi men armyan tilin erkin bilgen.
Orys oishyly V.G.Belinskiy qazaq ómirimen etene jaqyn tanys tegi dvoryan, әskery qyzmetker V.A.Ushakovtyng (1789-1838) «Qyrghyz-Qaysaq» povesi jónindegi oi-tolghanystary qazaq oqyrmandary ýshin de býgingi tanda kókeykesti. Búl material «Júldyz» jurnalynda (№6, 1957) jaryq kórgen.
Serik NEGIMOV,  L.N.Gumiylev atyndaghy Euraziya últtyq uniyversiytetining professory, filologiya ghylymdarynyng doktory.

Orys halqynyng revolusiyashyl demokraty, danyshpan oishyly, danqty qogham qayratkeri V.G.Belinskiy barlyq sanaly ómirin óz Otanynyng bolashaghy jolyndaghy úly kýreske sarp etti. Jalyndy synshy artyna kóp asyl múra qaldyrdy. Nikolay patshanyng qara týnek zamanynda ómir sýrip, adam aitqysyz auyr jaghdayda ózining әdebiy-qoghamdyq qyzmetin bastady.
HIH ghasyrdyng 30 jәne 40 jyldary orys halqynyng tarihynda eng auyr, qayghysy men azaby mol dәuir boldy. Monarhiyalyq qúrylystyng barlyq súmdyghyn, ýstem taptyng halyqqa jasaghan ozbyrlyghyn úly oishyl óz zamandastarymen birdey kórdi. Ol zorlyq pen zombylyqqa, qanau men tensizdikke, әdiletsizdik pen ekijýzdilikke qarsy orys qauymynyng sol dәuirdegi ozyq oily adamdarymen bir sapta kýres jýrgizdi.
Barghan sayyn etek alyp órley týsken aldynghy qatarly qoghamdyq oy ózining iygi әserin, kýshti yqpalyn әdebiyetke, kórkem tvorchestvogha tiygizbey túrmady. Sóitip, ótken ghasyrdyng bas kezinde kórkem әdebiyette ony demokratizasiyalaugha baghyttalghan zor qozghalys dәuiri bastaldy. Ádebiyetting búrynghy kastalyq sipaty birte-birte joyylyp, aldynghy qatarly jazushylar әdebiyette halyqtyq sipat pen demokratiyalyq prinsipti odan әri damyta týsudi aldyna maqsat etip qoydy. Kórkem tvorchestvoda tildin, stilidin, janrdyng qarapayymdylyghy joghary baghalanyp, aldynghy qatarly orys aqyn – jazushylary әdebiyet dýniyesinde kýn sanap óris ala bastaghan jana estetikalyq prinsipterdi óz shygharmalarynda odan әri damyta týsti.
Orystyng klassikalyq әdebiyetinde búl prinsipti alghash ret tu etip kótergen, ony realistik әdebiyetting negizgi estetikalyq konsepsiyasy dәrejesine shygharghan A.S. Pushkin boldy. Úly aqynnyng búl tamasha dәstýrin keyinnen ilgeri damytushy M.y. Lermontovtyng kezinde orys әdebiyeti internasionaldyq sipatqa ie bola bastady. Biraq syn oiynyng әdebiyet prosesinen әdette shabandap keyin qalatyny siyaqty, búl dәuirde әdebiyettegi janany, jaqsy lepti oqushylar men jazushylargha týsindiruge mindetti syn salasynda eski kózqarastar óte basym boldy. Orys әdebiyetinde realistik әdeby – synnyng negizin qalaghan, óz kezindegi orys aqyn-jazushylaryna baghdarly baghyt siltegen, kórkem tvorchestvoda jana estetikalyq beyimderdi úsynghan, Rossiya jerin mekendeytin halyqtar arasyndaghy dostyq-tuysqandyq iydeyasyn tu etip kótergen úly oishyl V.G.Belinskiy boldy.
Halyqtar arasyndaghy yntymaq-dostyq iydeya­syn jalyndy synshy ózining tvorchestvolyq jolynyng alghashqy kezeninen bastap-aq joghary kóterdi. Rossiyany mekendeytin halyqtardyng bolashaqtaghy taghdyryn Belinskiy tynymsyz oilady. Jalyndy patriot olardyng jarqyn keleshegine kәmil sendi, dostyq-saltanat qúratyn dәuirdi ansay arman etti.
Belinskiy ózining kóp kýsh-jigerin úsaq halyqtargha mensinbey, jiyirkene qaraghan slavyanofilderge qarsy kýreske júmsady. Belinskiy kóp maqalalarynda últtyq erekshelikti saqtau ýshin, basqa elding ozyq mәdeniyetinen boydy aulaq salu jaramaydy, qayta qalyng elding arasynda ony nasihattay týsu kerek, – dep jazdy. Basqa júrttyng jaqsy jaqtaryn qabyldaudan qorqu, qauiptenu, sonyng saldarynan últtyq erekshelikti joyyp alamyz dep kýdiktenu últtyq ruhany osaldyghyn bildiredi, – dedi Belinskiy slavyanofilderge qarsy jazghan maqalalarynyng birinde.
Belinskiy ózining birqatar syn enbekterinde Rossiya memleketining qúramyna kiretin «búratana» halyqtargha úly derjavalyq shovinistik kóz­qaraspen menmensip qaraytyn aristokrattardy da ayausyz synady. Olardyng «búratana halyq ókilderi kórkem әdebiyetting obiektisi bola almaydy» – degen shovinistik kózqarastaryn óz maqalalarynda әrdayym әshkerelep otyrdy. Úly synshy «búratana halyqtan shyqqan adamdar ózining oiy, sanasy, tútynuy jaghynan aristokrattardan birde kem emes, ol jandargha bilim tәrbie berse, olar da jogharghy qauymnyng mәdeniyetti, әdepti mýshesi bola alady», – dep, sol qatal da qytymyr dәuirde óte batyl úran tastady.
Belinskiy shyn maghynasyndaghy internasionalist synshy boldy. Onan búrynghy orys әdebiyeti men synynda halyqtar dostyghy iydeyasyn óz tvorchestvosynyng negizgi arqauy etken Belinskiydey synshy bolghan emes. Rossiya imperiyasynyng qúramyna kiretin basqa halyqtardy da shyn sezimmen sýidi, orys sharualarynyng auyr ómirine, shekken azabyna qalay qinalsa, ol basqa halyqtardyng enbekshilerining tensizdigine, auyr taghdyryna, adam aitqysyz mýshkil haline de ayanyshpen qarady. Patsha ókimetinin, jergilikti qanaushy taptardyng shekten tys ozbyrlyghyna ashynyp, olardy óz maqalalarynda óltire týirep otyrdy.
Úly synshy Orta Aziya men Qazaqstan halyqtaryna da baghdarly baghyt siltep, olardyng keleshektegi taghdyry orys halqymen tyghyz baylanysty ekenin kóregendikpen aityp berdi. Qazaq halqynyng úly aghartushylary úly synshynyng búl pikirin ózderine ýlgi tútty, óz halqynyng taghdyryn oilaghanda soghan sýiendi.
Kertartpa jurnalist Senkovskiy ózining «Biyb­lioteka dlya chteniya» degen jurnalynda: «Tursiya Evropadan myng ese mәdeniyetti jәne bilimdi» dep jazghanda úly Belinskiy: «Islam dini óz ishinde elp etken erkin aqyl-oygha jol bermeydi, sondyqtan onyng sýiener kýsh-tayanyshy, keskin-sipaty jabayy dinshildik pen nadandyq bolyp otyr, osydan kelip islam dinining sharty bir qalypta qalshiyp qatyp qalu boldy. Islam dini shiriydi de, sol shiru saldarynan qúlaydy da, biraq, ózgermeydi, janarmaydy, óz ishine jana nәrselerdi endirmeydi. Ol ózining sharighattary men zandaryn qanday da bolsa bir dәlelderge sýiengen qaghida retinde úsynbay, búiryq retinde úsynady», – dep jazdy. Senkovskiy, Bulgarin siyaqty satylghysh jurnalisterge qaytarghan jauabynda Belinskiy Orta Aziya halyqtary, onyng ishinde qazaq halqy da óz taghdyryn nadandyq pen qaranghylyq óktemdik qúrghan músylman shyghysymen emes, orys halqymen baylanystyruy kerek dep kesip aitty. Belinskiy búl mәdeniyetti qauymnan artta qalghan qazaq halqyn progreske jetkizedi, dedi.
Úly synshynyng danyshpandyq búl pikiri sol kezdegi aldynghy qatarly orys jazushylaryn Rossiya memleketining shet aimaqtarynda túratyn halyqtardyng ómiri turaly kýrdeli shygharmalar jazugha iytermeledi.
Orys әdebiyetinde qazaq, kavkaz halyqtary turaly jazylghan shygharmalar Belinskiyding túsynda-aq birli-jarymdap payda bola bastady. Úly synshy shet aimaqtardy mekendeytin halyqtardyng túrmys-halin, tarihyn, dýnie tanuyn demokratiyalyq, adamgershilik túrghydan suretteytin shygharmalardy ózining maqalalarynda asa joghary baghalap, jazushylargha baghdarly, nysanaly baghyt siltep otyrdy.
Orys әdebiyetinde qazaq halqy turaly jazylghan birinshi povesti 1829 jyly «Moskovskiy telegraf» jurnalynda «Qyrghyz-Qaysaq» degen atpen basylyp shyqty. Búl povesting avtory qazaq ómirimen tanys V.A. Ushakov edi.
Rossiyadaghy orystan basqa halyqtardyng ómirinen shygharma jazu úly synshynyng oiynsha әdebiyettegi realizm men halyqtyq dәstýrdi odan әri damytudyng eng manyzdy sharty bolyp tabylady. Ádebiyettegi realistik dәstýrdi qorghay otyryp, Belinskiy aristokrat jazushylardyng kertartpa pikirlerine batyl qarsy shyqty. Kórkem shygharma mәdeniyet jaghynan alda túrghan jogharghy qauym mýshelerin beyneleu kerek dep úran kótergen aristokrat jazushylargha úly synshy: «tabighat kórkem ónerding mәngilik ýlgisi, al tabighattyng eng asyl, eng úly nәrsesi – adam», – dep, batyl jauap berdi. Qarapayym qazaq әielinen tughan adamnyng tragediyalyq jaghdayyn suretteytin shygharmagha Belinskiyding joghary bagha beruining de syry, mine osynda jatyr.
Syrt qaraghanda «Qyrghyz – Qaysaq» povesinde sonshalyqty mol oqigha joq. Oqigha jelisi eki-ýsh basty keyipkerlerding ainalasynda ghana damyp otyrady. Shygharmanyng qysqasha mazmúny tómendegidey: Viktor Ippolitovich Slavin degen jas ofiyser Moskvada bolghan saparynda, jogharghy qauym qúrmet tútatyn knyazi qyzy Sofiya Lubskayagha ghashyq bolady. Aqjarqyn, ýlken mәdeniyetti jas ofiyserdi Sofiya da janynday sýiedi. Búl ekeuining arasyndaghy adal mahabbat atastyru toyymen bitedi. Sol atastyru toyynyng ýstinde Viktor Slavin Orynbor qalasynda túratyn apasy – Evgeniyadan: «Ákeng qaytys boldy, onyng saghan qaldyrghan óte qúndy ósiyeti bar, tez jet» degen hat alady. Ákesinen qalghan ósiyet hattaghy jasyryn syrdy biluge yntyqqan Viktor qauyrt Orynborgha jýrip ketedi. Slavinning óler aldynda qaldyrghan ósiyet hatynan ol ózining shyqqan tegining kim ekenin biledi. Baqsa, Viktor Ippolit Slavinning bel balasy emes, ol Ordagha kelgen bir qyr әielinen jýz som kýmis aqshagha satyp alynghan qazaq balasy eken. Hatta óz úly ólip qalghannan keyin Ippolit Slavin qazaq әielining balasyn satyp alyp bauyryna basqandyghy aitylady. Orynborda bolghan saparynda Viktor Ippolitovich Slavin ózining tughan anasymen kezdesedi. Povesting ana men bala jolyghatyn jerin avtor ýlken jan tolqynysymen jazghan. Povestegi eng bir jan tebirentetin jer osy. Búl kezdesudi suretteytin better oqushynyng jan-jýiesin qozghap, jýregin eljiretedi. Ana balasynyng aldynda bar shyndyqty býkpey týgel aityp beredi, osy tragediyalyq jaygha ózining qalaysha dushar bolghanyn kózine jas ala otyryp Viktorgha bastan-ayaq bayan etedi.
Viktor Slavin Orynbordan Moskvagha qaytyp oralady. Onyng oiynda eshnәrse joq, jýzinde qobalju emes, quanysh oty oinaydy. Ashyq minezdi, adal jandy, artyna syr býkpeytin Viktor shyqqan tegin eshkimnen de jasyrmaydy, ózining saharany jaylaytyn qazaqtan tughanyn, tragediyalyq jaghdaydyng sebebimen bir kezde ony orys aqsýiegining bolmashy aqshagha satyp alyp, Peterburgke әkelgenin qalyndyghy Sofiyanyng aldyna jayyp salady. Osy jaydy Viktor Slavin ózining qamqorshysy graf Reshimovke de arlanbay týgel bayandaydy. Graf búl tosyn habardy Sofiyanyng әkesi knyazi Lubskoygha jetkizedi, kýieui Viktordyng shyqqan tegi orys emes, qazaq ekenin habarlaydy. Knyazi Lubskoy «teksiz», «nәsilsiz» adamgha qyzyn kýieuge beruden ýzildi-kesildi bas tartady, Sofiyagha Viktordan birjolata ýmitin ýzuge búiyrady. Jastayynan ata-anasynyng qas-qabaghyna qarap jaltaq ósken Sofiya Viktordy janynday sýie túrsa da, baylanghan uәdesinen bas tartugha mәjbýr bolady. Jigersiz Sofiya amaly qúryp, ózining Viktor Slavinge degen sýiispenshilik pravosyn qorghay almaydy, sóitip, әkesining әmirine baghynyp, qadir tútqan jarynan amalsyz aiyrylady. Taban astynan, oilamaghan jerden baqytynan airylyp, japa shekken, shyqqan tegi ýshin jazyqsyzdan jazyqsyz qorlyq kórgen Viktor Slavin Týrkiyagha qarsy soghysyp jatqan armiyagha ketedi. Ol soghysta auyr jaraly bolady da, miyna suyq tiyip qaytys bolady. Sofiya knyazi Raduginge erge shyghady. Alayda, ol sýigen Viktordyng jarqyn beynesin, kirshiksiz janyn jýreginde mәngi saqtaydy. Povesting sujeti mine osynday.
Povesting sujeti oqighanyng bolghan mezgilinen aiqyn habar beredi.
Basty keyipkerding týrikterge qarsy soghysqa qatynasuy oqighanyng ótken ghasyrdyng 20 jyldarynda bolghanyn dәleldeydi. Óitkeni, orys-týrik soghysy 1828-1829 jyldar arasynda boldy.
Povesti sujetining úzyn-yrghasy jalghyzbasty, pana-qorghansyz qazaq әielining ómir auyrtpalyghynyng saldarynan ózining tórt jasar jalghyz úlyn 100 som kýmis aqshagha satuynan bastalady.
Búl oqighany avtor oidan shygharghan joq. Krepostnoylyq rejim ýstemdik qúrghan imperiya qúramyna kiretin qazaq dalasynda ótken ghasyrdyng alghashqy jyldarynda, tipti olardan kóp keyin de, ashyqtan-ashyq qúl saudasy jýrgiziletin. Sóitip, Orynborda nemese Batys Sibirde arzan baghagha satylyp alynghan qazaq balalary kóbinese Moskva men Peterburgte syigha tartylatyn nemese qymbat baghasyna qaytadan satylatyn. «Qyrghyz-Qaysaq» povesining basty geroyy Viktor Slavinning taghdyry orystyng belgili revolusioner aqyny, N.G. Chernyshevskiyding jaqyn dosy, Mihaylovtyng da taghdyryn eske týsiredi. Mihaylovtyng shyqqan tegi qazaq, tughan jeri qazaq dalasy, ol da osynday taghdyrgha dushar bolghan. Viktor obrazy M.I. Miy­haylovtyng aumaghan prototiypi siyaqty. Búl jóninde 1910 jyly Peterburg qalasynda basylyp shyqqan M.I. Mihaylov shygharmalarynyng on tomdyghyna jazghan Bykovanyng alghy sózinde tolyq aitylghan. Mine osy faktining ózi Ushakov povesinde surettelgen oqighalardyng ómirimen óte tyghyz baylanysty ekenin onan beter rastay týsedi.
Jas kezinen bastap orystyng demokratiyalyq dәs­týri negizinde tәrbiyelengen Belinskiy V.A. Usha­kovtyng povesine birden kónil audardy. 1834 jyldyng kýzinde N.I. Nadejdinning «Teleskop» jurnalyna әdeby qosymsha retinde apta sayyn shyghyp túratyn «Molvada» Belinskiyding orystyng әdeby synynyng tarihynda jana dәuir ashqan «Ádebiyettik armandar» atty birinshi maqalasy shyqty. Belinskiy óz maqalasynda 20-30 jyldardaghy orys әdebiyetining halyqtyq sipatyn qadaghalay otyryp, V.A. Ushakovtyng povesine toqtalyp, kóp shygharmalardyng ishinen oghan bagha berdi. Ushakovtyng «Qyrghyz-Qaysaghyn» sol jyldary jaryqqa shyqqan jaqsy shygharmalardyng qatarynda atap, ol bylay dep jazdy: Ushakov myrzanyng «Qyrghyz-Qaysaghy» – әdebiyettegi ghajap jәne kýtpegen qúbylys boldy: ol tereng sezim jәne sol siyaqty naghyz kórkem shygharmagha tәn qasiyettermen kózge erekshe týsedi». «Qyrghyz-Qaysaq» povesin úly synshynyng joghary baghalauy, orys әdebiyetindegi ghajayyp qúbylys dep sanauy, әriyne, kezdeysoq nәrse emes. Búny, sóz joq, úly oishyldyng qazaq halqyna degen tereng sýiispenshiliginen tughan adal sezimning aighaghy dep úghu kerek. Qanday adamnan tumasyn, qanday ortada óspesin, eger jaghdayyn ózgertse, jaqsy jaghday jasalsa, kez kelgen adam mәdeniyetting jogharghy satysyna kóterile alady degen aldynghy qatarly iydeyany uaghyzdaytyn Ushakovtyng kitabyna Belinskiyding airyqsha toqtalyp, kóptegen shygharmalardan oqshau bólip alyp qarauy – úly synshynyng imperiyanyng shet aimaqtarynda túratyn, belgili sebepterding saldarynan oqymysty dýniyeden, mәdeniyetti qauymnan, sivilizasiyadan shet, jyraq qalghan halyqtardy da óz últynday tereng sýigenin, olardyng taghdyryna ayanyshpen qaraghanyn aiqyn dәleldeydi.
Gumanist synshynyng tek tughan halqynyng emes, auyr azap shekken býkil adam balasynyng taghdyry qatty oilandyrdy. Ol qazaq saharasynyng túrghyndary men Orta Aziya dihandarynyn, Amerika men alystaghy Avstraliya enbekshilerining auyr túrmysyna qynjyla qarady, olar turaly әdebiyette aitylghan әrbir sózdi ýnemi qadaghalap qarap otyrdy.
Ushakovtyng povesi orys әdebiyetindegi tanqalarlyq jәne kýtpegen qúbylys nәrse bolghany – ol orys jәne qazaq halyqtarynyng ótken ghasyrdyng alghashqy jyldarynda kýshti qarqynmen damyp kele jatqan qarym-qatynasyna býkil júrtshylyqtyng nazaryn audardy. Orys әdebiyetining realizm jolymen damuyn armandaghan jәne ony aldyna negizgi maqsat etip qoyghan Belinskiy ýshin Ushakovtyng «Qyrghyz-Qaysaq» povesi sol kezdegi orys әdebiyetindegi jana aghymnyng basy siyaqty bolyp kórindi. Sondyqtan da úly synshy búl shygharmagha birden nazar audaryp, onyng iydeyalyq mazmúnyn óte joghary baghalady, jalpy tarihy әdeby manyzyn tereng týsindi.
Orys әdebiyetining jýz jyldyq tarihyn derlik qamty jәne ony Kantemirden Pushkinge deyingi belgili ókilderining tvorchestvosyna batyl bagha bere otyryp, Belinskiy ózining sholu maqalasynda Ushakov jóninde, әriyne, búdan artyq eshtene aita almady. Solay bolsa da osynyng ózinen «Qyrghyz-Qaysaq» povesining iydeyasy jaghynan da, negizgi sipaty jaghynan da qazirgi kezde úmyt bolghan shygharmalardyng ishinen erekshe oryn alghanyn onay týsinuge bolady. Povesting sol kezdegi júrtshylyq nazaryn ózine shúghyl audaruy – aldynghy qatarly orys adamdary arasynda ruhany ómiri bay, biraq auyr túrmys qyspaghynda kýy keshken, ayausyz ezilgen úsaq halyqtargha degen tuysqandyq tereng sezimning tua bastaghanyn aiqyn dәleldeydi. Belinskiy «Qyrghyz-Qaysaqtyn» jeke erekshelikterin emes, qay últtan shyqqan adamdardyng bolsa da teng pravolylyghyn dәripteytin gumanistik jalpy iydeyasyn joghary baghalaydy. Ushakov jalpy adam balasynyng mýddesin osylaysha kórkem, shynayy surettep kórsetkendikten de, ony shygharmasy óz zamandastarynyng arasynda zor bedelge ie boldy.
Úly synshynyng búl shygharmagha bergen baghasynyng shyn mәni, tereng syry «Ádebiyettik armandarynyn» jalpy konteksinde erekshe aiqyn kórinedi. Búl maqalada Belinskiy Ushakovtyng povesin orys әdebiyetindegi kýtpegen qúbylys dey otyryp, ony kertartpa jazushy Faddey Bulgarinning «Ivan Vyjigiyn» atty patshanyng otarshyldyq sayasatyn dәripteytin romanyna qarsy qoyady. Qysqa merzimning ishinde birneshe ret basylyp shyghyp, orys oqushylary arasynda belgili dәrejede shovinistik iydeyany taratqan búl romannyng avtoryn Belinskiy eshqanday әdeby daryndylyghy joq jazushysymaq dep tike aitty. Bulgarinning orys sarizmining otarshylaryn qazaq saharasynyng túrghyndary qúshaghyn jaya qarsy alady, olardy әkesindey qúrmetteydi, tóbesinen jay beredi degen jalghan joramalyn Belinskiy óltire әshkereleydi. Dala túrghyndary Bulgarinning Vyjiginderin, Milovidovtaryn emes, qaranghy el arasyna bilimning úryghyn shashatyn orystyng adal jýrekti, iygi niyetti adamdaryn sýiedi, olardy ózderine bauyr tútady dep jazdy úly synshy. Osy oiyn әri jalghastyra týsip Belinskiy: sahara halqy, Bulgarin aitqanday, bala siyaqty anqau, kóringenning jeteginde kete beretin minezsiz, eriksiz emes, ózining ruhany ómiri bar, bilimning jaryq sәulesine qaray talpynghan adamdar dep, poliyseylik romannyng avtoryn óltire synady. Sóitip, jalyndy synshy halyq pen halyq arasynda últ óshpendiligin tughyzatyn, olardyng ruhany jaghynan jaqyndasa týsuine bóget jasaytyn reaksiyashyl baghytta jazylghan shygharmalardy ayausyz synap, olargha imperiyanyng shet aimaqtaryndaghy úsaq halyqtardyng últtyq ómirin, túrmys-halin, bolmysyn shynayy da, kórkem suretteytin roman, povesterdi qarsy qoyady. Olardyng avtorlaryna últtar arasyndaghy tensizdik siyaqty sol kezdegi zor qoghamdyq problemany kótergeni ýshin shyn jýrekten rizalyq bildiredi.
«Ádebiyettik armandar» basylyp shyqqannan 19 jyl ótkennen song Belinskiy Ushakovtyng «Qyrghyz-Qaysaq» povesin qaytadan taghy esine alady. Búl úly synshynyng «Qyrghyz-Qaysaqtyn» avtoryn qalay joghary qúrmettegenin, onyng alghashqy realistik shygharmasyn qalay adal baghalaghanyn aiqyn kórsetedi.
Ózining tvorchestvolyq qadamyn realistik shygharmadan bastaghan Ushakov ómirining songhy jyldarynda realizmnen qol ýzip, progressivtik jana pikirlerge ashyqtan-ashyq qarsy shyqty. Ol tipti Belinskiyge qarsy «Piisha» dep atalatyn kórkemdik jaghynan qúnsyz povesti jazyp, «Biblioteka dlya chteniya» jurnalynyng 1835 jylghy bir nómirinde bastyryp shyghardy. Ushakov búl shygharmada revolusiyashyl demokratiyanyng ókilderin kelemejdey, Belinskiydi jәne onyng revolusiyalyq iydeyalaryn syqaq etti. Belinskiy sonda da Ushakovqa qayta oralyp, onyng shyn mәnisindegi kórkem shygharmasynyng tarihiy-әdeby jaghynan orystyq synshyl realizm baghytynda damy bastaghan әdebiyetinde eleuli oryn alatynyn atap kórsetti. Qansha kelemejdese de, Belinskiy ýshin Ushakovtyng tamasha shygharmasy «Qyrghyz-Qaysaq» orys әdebiyetindegi eleuli shygharmalardyng biri bolyp qala berdi. Óz mýddesinen әdebiyet mýddesin joghary qoyghan dana synshy «Qyrghyz-Qaysaq» povesi ýshin Ushakovtyng esimin ómirining aqtyq minutyna deyin zor qúrmetpen atap ótti.
Alayda, Ushakovtyng tvorchestvolyq enbegin Beliskiyding tym artyq baghalap jibergenin atap kórsetpeske de bolmaydy. N.A. Dobrolubov keyinirek V.G. Belinskiyding osy shygharma turaly aitqan oi-pikirin damyta otyryp, «Qyrghyz-Qaysaqtyn» avtory realistik baghytta odan әri ne sebepti jyljy almaghanyn ashyp kórsetti.
V.A. Ushakovtyng «Qyrghyz-Qaysaghyna» bagha bere otyryp, úly synshy qazaq halqyna degen shyn dostyq pikirin bildirdi, 30-jyldardaghy aldynghy qatarly orys adamdarynyng úlan-baytaq qazaq dalasynda tuyp-ósken milliondaghan adamdardyng adamgershilik qasiyetteri men zor daryndylyghyna degen senimin shyn jýrekten maqúldap otyrdy.
Qayta tughan qazaq halqy ýshin Belinskiy esimi ardaqty da asyl esim, sondyqtan ol orys pen qazaq halqynyng әdeby yntymaghy tarihyndaghy búl tamasha faktini eshqashan esten shygharmaydy.

"Týrkistan" gazeti