Beysenbi, 25 Sәuir 2024
Janalyqtar 3556 0 pikir 4 Aqpan, 2013 saghat 07:39

Abaydyng sәulesi

Bizding balalyq dәuirimizde tek qana qytay әdebiyeti oqytylatyn edi. Sol sebepti bastauysh synyptarda qazaq әdebiyeti turaly eshtene bilmeytinbiz dep aitugha әbden bolatyn. Alayda әkelerimizden, auyl qarttarynan, әjelerden degendey ertegi-anyzdargha elitip, Abay esimine de erte qanyqtyq.

Ásirese, әkemning auzynan ýnemi «Abay aitypty» degen sózderdi jii estiytinbiz. Mysaly:

Ásempaz bolma әr nege,

Ónerpaz bolsang arqalan.

Sende bir kerpish dýniyege,

Ketigin tapta bar qalan.

Nemese:

Aqyryn jýrip anyq bas,

Enbeging ketpes dalagha,

Ýstazdyq qylghan jalyqpas,

Ýiretuden balagha.

Jәne:

Aqyl men qayrat jol tabar,

Qashqangha da qughangha....», - degenderdi alghash ret әke auzynan jattadyq.

Keyin oilasam  kýlli qazaqtyng maqtanyna ainalghan Abay sәulesining bizding auylgha keninen týsuining birneshe tarihy negizi bar eken.

Birinshiden, bizding kereyding shejireshi qarttary Abaydy ataqty kerey Jәnibek batyrdyng jiyeni qylyp aitady. Abaydyng arghy atasy Yrghyzbay Jәnibekke kýieu bala, yaghny onyng tughan qaryndasy Ermek tobyqtynyng jigitine, sonau Yrghyz ózeni boyynda jýrgende tughan Yrghyzbaygha qosylyp, Óskenbaydy dýniyege әkel­geni, odan Qúnanbay, odan Abay bolyp jalghasyp jatatyny tarihy shyndyq. Er Jәnibekting jalghyz qyzy Áymen de Ybyray Altynsarinning әjesi, yaghny Balghoja biyding bәibishesi bolghan.

Bizding balalyq dәuirimizde tek qana qytay әdebiyeti oqytylatyn edi. Sol sebepti bastauysh synyptarda qazaq әdebiyeti turaly eshtene bilmeytinbiz dep aitugha әbden bolatyn. Alayda әkelerimizden, auyl qarttarynan, әjelerden degendey ertegi-anyzdargha elitip, Abay esimine de erte qanyqtyq.

Ásirese, әkemning auzynan ýnemi «Abay aitypty» degen sózderdi jii estiytinbiz. Mysaly:

Ásempaz bolma әr nege,

Ónerpaz bolsang arqalan.

Sende bir kerpish dýniyege,

Ketigin tapta bar qalan.

Nemese:

Aqyryn jýrip anyq bas,

Enbeging ketpes dalagha,

Ýstazdyq qylghan jalyqpas,

Ýiretuden balagha.

Jәne:

Aqyl men qayrat jol tabar,

Qashqangha da qughangha....», - degenderdi alghash ret әke auzynan jattadyq.

Keyin oilasam  kýlli qazaqtyng maqtanyna ainalghan Abay sәulesining bizding auylgha keninen týsuining birneshe tarihy negizi bar eken.

Birinshiden, bizding kereyding shejireshi qarttary Abaydy ataqty kerey Jәnibek batyrdyng jiyeni qylyp aitady. Abaydyng arghy atasy Yrghyzbay Jәnibekke kýieu bala, yaghny onyng tughan qaryndasy Ermek tobyqtynyng jigitine, sonau Yrghyz ózeni boyynda jýrgende tughan Yrghyzbaygha qosylyp, Óskenbaydy dýniyege әkel­geni, odan Qúnanbay, odan Abay bolyp jalghasyp jatatyny tarihy shyndyq. Er Jәnibekting jalghyz qyzy Áymen de Ybyray Altynsarinning әjesi, yaghny Balghoja biyding bәibishesi bolghan.

Osy sebepterge baylanysty Abaydyng ózi de: «jigit taghayyna tartyp tumaushy ma edi» dep aitypty dep, qarttarymyz әri batyr әri sheshen er Jәnibekting suyryp salmalyq bir tegin Abaydan tapqanday bolatyn. Abaydyng әkesi Qúnanbaydyng Ór Altaydaghy abaq kerey arasynda bolyp qaytqanyn da ýlken anyzben aitushy edi. Qúnaybay esimin agha súltandyqpen emes, «agha balasy» dep qadirlep, qúrmetteytin. Jiyen retinde de býiregi búrylyp túratyn.

Ekinshiden, Qúnanbay auylymen bolghan qúdandalyq jәne basqa da baylanystar. Óteu babamyzdyng dәurendep túrghan shaghynda balasy Shomaq ta pysyq, atqa miner azamattyng biri bolyp, oghan Qúnanbay auylynyng bir qyzyna qúdalasyp, ony kelin qylyp alady. Sol Shomaqtan tughan Túrghambay ashamayly erge minetin bolghanda ata-anasy ony naghashylaryna ertip barady. Tórkindep kelgen qyzdy kýtip alghan Qúnanbay qajy «jiyenime at mingizip qaytaramyn» dep eki qúlaghy qap-qara móldir aqboz at syilap, oghan kóksauyr bylgharymen shybarlanyp qaptalghan, búrshaq basty shegemen aldy-artqy qastaryna altyn jalatyp, jez qaptaghan er salyp qaytarady. Qazir sol er Altaydyng Shirikshy degen jerinde Túrghambaydyng nemeresi Ómirbek Baymúhametúlynyng ýiinde saqtauly.

Qúnanbay qajy men Altaydaghy Mәmetek tóre(Mәmy beysining qayyn atasy) arasynda da bir-birin synap, syilasqan qyzyqty hikayalar bar.

Bazarqúl Eshen qajy(shyn aty Mәsalima) Júrtbayúly ýshinshi retki qajylyq saparynan qaytyp kele jatyp, 1904 jyldar shamasy Qarqaralyda qaytys bolyp, uaqyttyq sol jerge amanat jerlenedi. 1905 jyly Qanapiya beysi, Núrtaza qajy, esirkep Qúrmanhan Bozayúly sekildi adamdar Eshen qajynyng basyna kýmbez ornatyp qaytady.

Olar qaytar jolynda Abaygha as berip jatqan Qúnanbay auylyn soghyp, Aygerim men aqynnyng úrpaqtaryna kónil aityp, qúran oqidy.

Jogharydaghy qarym-qatynastardan qalsa, bizding auyl Kenes ókimeti ornaghannan keyin ghana qazirgi Shyghys Qazaqstan obylysynyng Zaysan audanynan Qytaygha qaray aughandyqtan, oghan deyin Abay ónegesin qabyldaudyng shekaralyq shektemesine úshyraghan joq.

Ýshinshiden, Ázimbay Berdeshúly, Zyat Shәkerimúly bastaghan Qúnanbay auylynyng adamdarynyng 1931 jyly Qytaygha qashyp ótip, Altaygha at basyn tireui de sol dәuirdegi Altay әdebiyeti men mәdeniyetine belgili yqpal ettti. Ákemning aghasy Bidahmet Múqayúly ol kisilerding oqighasyn jyr qylyp aityp otyratyn.

Tórtinshiden, әkem Shәken Múqayúly bolsyn, onyng aghalary Bidahmet, Qyzyr bәri de «kitapty jastanyp oqidy» degendey bilimge qúmar jandar boldy. Ákem: «armiyadaghy kezimde kitapty óte kóp oqydym. Kóbi Kenester odaghynan kelgen әdebiyetter edi» deytin әngimelerinde. Onysy 1957 jylgha deyingi Qytay-Kenes Odaghy arasyndaghy әrtýrli baylanystyng terendeui, әsirese, mәdeniyet almasu, әdebiyettik qarym-qatynastargha baylanysty Qazaqstan jazushylary shygharmalarynyng Shynjangha kóbirek jetip túrghanyn menzegeni edi.

Osylaysha kýlli Qazaqqa maqtanysh bolghan Abay ruhy Qytay qoghamy esik terezesin tars bekitip alghan «tónkeris» zamanynda da bizding auylda sham- shyraghyn sóndirgen joq.

Jәdy Shәkenúly

ABAI.KZ

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