Elimizde songhy bes jylda araq-sharap óndiru 30 payyzgha azayyp ketken. Sonda túrghyndar ishimdikti az paydalana bastaghan ba, әlde otandyq ónimderge súranys tómen be?

Elimizde songhy bes jylda araq-sharap óndiru 30 payyzgha azayyp ketken. Sonda túrghyndar ishimdikti az paydalana bastaghan ba, әlde otandyq ónimderge súranys tómen be?

Statistika agenttigi mәlimetterine qaraghanda, 2011 jyly Qazaqstangha әlem­ning 40-tan astam elinen alkogolidi ishimdik importtalghan. Sóitip, 64 mln 682 myng litr syra, 11 mln 999 myng litr tabighy sha­rap, 1 mln litrge juyq hosh iyisten­dirgish, ósimdik zattary qosylghan sharap, 6 mln 780 myng litr araq qazaqstandyq dýken sórelerin toltyrghan. Sonda elimiz­de әr adam basyna shaqqanda, jylyna orta eseppen 5 litrden sheteldik ishim­dikten keledi. Áriyne, osydan keyin qazaq­stan­dyqtardyng tek kileng qymbat әri joghary sapaly, tandauly araq-sharap­targha den qoya bastaghany jayly topshy­laugha bolar edi. Biraq, shyn mәnisinde, jaghday - bas­qasha.
Syranyng syry
Ótken jyly elimizde eng kóp import­talghan ishimdikting týri - syra. Búl ótimdi ishimdik byltyr birneshe europalyq el­der­­den, onyng ishinde Beligiya, Germaniya, Chehiyadan kóbirek әkelingen. Import kó­le­mine qaraghanda, Meksika men Qy­taydan shygharylatyn syragha da súranys bar. Alayda barlyq alys shetelderden elge tasymaldanatyn syranyng kólemin (2 mln 287 litr) Resey men Belarusitan әke­li­netin ónimmen salystyrsaq, búl - teniz­ge qúiylghan tamshyday-aq (Keste №1). 
Áriyne, Qazaqstannyng búl eki elmen Keden odaghyn qúrghanyn eskersek, jana ekonomikalyq jaghday ýsh eldegi syra shygharushylardyng saudasyn qyzdyra týsui tiyis. Desek te, qazaqstandyq kәsip­kerler ótken jyly eng kóp syrasyn tap osy «odaqtastaryna» emes, kórshi Qyr­ghyz­stangha ótkizipti. Al Qazaqstangha 2011 jyly 61 mln litrden astam syrasyn ji­bergen Reseyge bar-joghy... 782 myng litr qazaqstandyq syra ketse, Belarusiqa bir litr de ótpegen.
«Búl rynoktyng tolyq ekendigin, Ke­den odaghy elderindegi syra óndiru sala­synda bәsekelestikting jogharylyghyn, oghan qosa Resey men Belarusi rynogynda birneshe iri әlemdik óndirushilerding bar ekendigin eskersek, búl elderge eksport­talatyn jergilikti qazaqstandyq syra markalarynyng tabysty bolu mýmkindigi meylinshe tómen» - dep mәlimdedi Efes Karaganda Brewery kompaniyasynyng qoghammen baylanys supervayzeri Yuliya Antonova. Oghan qosa, mysaly, belarusi­ter ótken jyly memlekettik retteu ar­qyly syra importyn qysqartyp, otan­dyq kәsiporyndar eksportyn arttyrugha baghyttalghan baghdarlamalar arqyly syra óndirisin 17,8 payyzgha kýrt ósirgen. Biraq Qazaqstanda kerisinshe jaghday oryn alghan.
Keden odaghy rynogyn da «jaulay» almaghan búl ishimdik týrin óndiru Qazaq­stannyng óz ishinde de qúldyray týsipti. Ótken jyly búl susyndy shygharu 14,1 payyzgha azayyp, jalpy ónimning kólemi 425 mln 136,3 myng litrdi qúraghan. Múnyng basty sebebi alkogolidi rynokty retteu tәrtibining qatandatyluymen baylanysty dep esepteydi Antonova. Ol onyng ishinde syra aksizderining eki esege deyin ósip, deklarasiyalaudyng jana tәrtibi engizil­genin atap ótedi. Mysaly, 2011 jyldyng 1 qantarynan aksizder syranyng litrine 13 tengeden 25 tengege, yaghny 92 payyzgha kóterilgen. Sóitip, eng kóp ishi­letin otan­dyq ishimdik týri - qazaqstandyq syranyng ózi óndiriste qysqara bergen. Degenmen Qazaqstannan eksporttalghan jalpy syra kólemi (3 mln 934 myn) - ótken jyly syrtqa shygharylghan barlyq otandyq araq-sharaptardyng arasyndaghy әzirge «rekordtyq kórsetkish».

Shartaraptan keletin sharaptar
Byltyr shetelderden 13 mln litrge juyq sharap ónimderi importtalsa, elden bar-joghy 17 myng 495 litr ghana sharap shygharylypty. Qazaqstannyng búl ishimdik týri sanauly elge óte az mólsherde jiberilgen. Eksport kólemi boyynsha aldynghy oryngha Gruziya shyqsa, Shvey­sariya men Japoniya da qazaqstandyq sha­raptyng dәmin «tatyp» kórgen (Keste №2). Tabighy sharabymen әigili Gru­ziyanyng 17 myng litr Qazaqstan sharabyn ne ýshin alghany - qúpiya, biraq onyng ese­sine, olar byltyr 1 mln 780 myng litrden artyq óz ónimin osynda toghytqan. Qazaqstan sharabyn óte az (12 myng litr) mólsherde tútynghan Moldova da óz sharabyn berude aldyna jan salmaydy. 
Al biz oilaghanday, fransuz jәne italiyan tabighy sharaptary eng kóp importtalghan ónim sanatynda emes. Degenmen hosh iyistendirushi jәne ósimdik zattary qosylghan sharaptar arasynda italiyan ónimderi (595 myng litr) eng kóbirek kelgen. Soghan qaraghanda, qazaq­standyqtar qymbat tabighy europalyq sharaptargha den qoya bastady deu - asyghystyq. Ishimdik baghasy - búl rynok­taghy súranysqa әser etetin eleuli faktordyng biri retinde qalghan. Desek te, qazaqstandyqtardyng talghamy ósip, sharap ishu mәdeniyeti qalyptasa bastaghanyn aitady Qazaqstan sharap jasaushylar qauymdastyghynyng qyzmetkerleri. «Qazir satyp alushylar sauattyraq. Olar tabighy ónimge qaray úmtylady. Tabighy sharaptargha degen súranys joghary. Osy arqyly rynokty jaulap alugha bolar edi», - dep esepteydi qauymdastyqtyng aty-jónin aitpaudy súraghan ókili. Shynymen ótken jyly elge importtalghan ónimderding basym bóligi - tabighy sharaptar, al týrli zattar qosylghan sharaptardyng importtalghan jal­py kólemi bir million litrge jet­pegen. Onyng sózine qaraghanda, elimizde qúrghaq sharaptargha súranys joghary emes, jergilikti túrghyndar tәtti, jartylay tәtti deserttik sharaptardy tәuir kóredi.
Biraq «sheteldik sharaptyng bәri birdey sapaly emes». Qazaqstan sharap jasau­shylar qauymdastyghynyng ókilderi TMD elderinen keletin sharaptardyng sapasyn talay syngha alghan. Olar tabighy sharaptyng baghasy jýzimning qúnyna baylanysty arzan boluy mýmkin emes dep esepteydi. Al otandyq sharap óndirushilerding ózderi qazirgi tanda bәsekege tótep bere almay otyrghandyghyn ashyq moyyndap otyr. Sondyqtan byltyr otandyq tabighy jýzim sharabyn óndiru aldynghy jylmen salystyrghanda 33 payyzgha azayghan. Son­da bir jyl boyy Qazaqstanda óndirilgen sharap kólemi bir ghana Moldovadan osyn­da әkelinetin sharaptyng ýshten bir (2 mln 619,9 myn) bóligindey ghana bol­ghan.
Qazaqstan sharap shygharushylardyng óz ónimderine degen súranystyng jyl sayyn tómendey týsuin shiykizat jetispeu­shi­ligimen týsindiredi. «Jýzim alqaptary jyl­dan-jylgha azaiyda. Basqa aimaq­tar­men salystyrghanda apatty jaghdaydamyz», - deydi qauymdastyq mamany. Onyng só­zi­ne qaraghanda, 1985 jyly KSRO-da ishim­dikke tyiym salu kezenining ózinde Qazaq­standa 27 myng gektar jýzim alqaby bolsa, ótken jyly onyng tek 8 myny qal­ghan. 
Ekinshi jaghynan, qazaqstandyq sha­rap­tardyng ózge rynoktargha enui de onay emes. Tipti Keden odaghyna kiretin elderding ózinde ishki óndirushilerin qorghau maqsatynda araq-sharap importyna tosqauyldar qoyylghan. «Reseyde syrttan ishimdik әkelushilerge bizben tipti salystyrugha kelmeytin talaptar qoyady. Ondaghy alghashqy jarnanyng kólemi ónimning ózindik qúnyn birneshe mәrtege ósirip jiberedi», - deydi sharap shy­gharushy maman. Onyng aituynsha, Reseyding ontýstik shyghysyndaghy rynok qazaqstandyq sharap ónimderine zәru. Tipti Qazaqstangha jaqyn audandarynan arnayy kelip, qazaqstandyq sharapty alyp ketetinder bar. «Biraq biz eksportty úiymdastyra almaymyz. Sebebi Keden odaghy auqymynda búl rette ózara qarym-qatynas birqalypqa kelmegen», - deydi qauymdastyq qyzmetkeri.

Araqtyng aqyry taqau ma?
Araq-sharap salasy budjetke kiris әkeletin salanyng biri sanalady. Mem­leket qazynasyna odan jylyna orta eseppen 20 milliard tenge qúiylatynyn aitady «Qazalko» Qazaqstan alkogoli ónimderin shygharushylar qauymdas­tyghynyng preziydenti Ámirjan Qaliyev. Biraq Qazaqstanda songhy 3 jylda araq shygharatyn 16 kәsiporyn jabylypty. Ótken jyly 2010 jylmen salystyrghanda 10,9 payyzgha araq (40 mln 427 myng litr) az shygharylghan. Al koniyak kólemi 5,1 payyz­gha kemip, 4 mln 685 myng litr ón­dirilgen. 
Biraq onyng esesine, Belorussiya men Reseyden әkelinetin ishimdikterge esik aiqara ashylghan. Ámirjan Qaliyevting aituynsha, «búryn búl sheteldik ónim­derge aksiz mólsheri boyynsha aiyr­ma­shylyq bolatyn. Ony 2010 jyldyng 1 shildesinen bastap alyp tastady. Endi olardyng ónimderi bizding rynokqa ishki aksizdik mólshermen kiretin boldy. Belorussiya men Resey ónimderining sapasy men kólemi boyynsha bizde eshqanday kedergi joq!» - deydi Qaliyev. Onyng aituynsha, araq ónimderining 95 payyzy Qazaqstangha Reseyden әkelinedi. Mәselen, byltyr kórshi elden 5 miyl­lionnan astam litr araq importtalghan. Sondyqtan «reseylikter araqtyng qanday týrin jәne qansha әkelemin dese de, búl - olardyng óz erikterinde», - deydi qauym­dastyq basshysy. 
Al kerisinshe, qazaqstandyq kәsip­ker­lerding Resey men Belorussiyagha araq-sharaptaryn apara almay, ol jaqta qazaqstandyq ishimdikterge zandy týrde kedergi qoyylyp otyrghanyn jetkizdi «Qazalko» basshysy. «Belorussiyada - monopoliya. Ýkimetting rúqsatynsyz araq aparu mýmkin emes. Reseyde shetten әkelinetin araq-sharaptargha arnalghan búrynghy kedergiler saqtaluda», - deydi sarapshy. Onyng aituynsha, «qazaq­stan­dyq araqtardyng sapasy songhy jyldary reseylik ónimderge qaraghanda óte joghary, biraq baghasy әldeqayda tómen». Sondyq­tan da, Qaliyevting pikirinshe, Resey ózderining jergilikti araq óndirushilerding mýddesin qorghau ýshin shetten әkelinetin, onyng ishinde qazaqstandyq ónimderge qoyylatyn kedergilerdi әli almay otyr. 
Soghan qaramastan, qazaqstandyq araqtardy tútynushylar «geografiyasy» auqymdy. Mysaly, Úlybritaniya, Izraili, Koreya, tipti Irak pen Japo­niyagha da qazaqstandyq araq ónimderi belgili bir mólsherde jiberiletin bolyp shyqty. Al Qazaqstangha araqtar qaydan әkelinbeydi desenizshi?! Barbados, Bagam araldary, Kuba, Braziliya, Gayana, Yamayka, Meksika men Puerto-Riko, barlyghy 40-qa juyq elden ishimdikter importtalady. Múnyng sebebin sarapshy qazaqstandyqtardyng túrmys jaghdayy jaqsaryp, әr aluan ishimdik týrlerine degen súranystyng artqandyghymen týsin­diredi. «Olar búrynghy Kenes ókimeti kezindegidey tek araq, kýsheytilgen sharap, syra iship qana qoymay, viski, tekila, rom, jaqsy koniyaktar tútynady. Al tekila, viski, rom bizde shygharyl­maghandyqtan, shetelderden әkelinedi», - deydi qauymdastyq ókili. 
Oghan qosa Qazaqstanda shygharylatyn sharaptyng ghana emes, koniyaktyng da sapasy tómen, súranysqa jauap bere almaytynyn aitady Qaliyev. Sebebi jaqsy koniyak jasau ýshin jýzimning jaq­sy sorty qajet. Ol sharap shygharu­shy­lardyng aldynghy uәjin qostay otyryp, 1985 jylghy Gorbachevting «qúrghaq zany» kezinde shauyp tastalghan jýzim plan­tasiyalarynyng әli kýnge deyin qalpyna kelmegenin eske salady. «Qazaq­stan­dyqtar sapasyz sharap pen koniyakty ishpeydi. Al shetel jaqsy spirtin bizge ber­meydi. Bizding tútynushylar arzanyn әri sapalysyn izdeydi. Ónimderimizge súranystyng tómendep, otandyq koniyak, sharap azayghanynyng sebebi - osynda», - deydi sarapshy. 
Oghan qosa Qazaqstanda jalpy alko­golidi ishimdikke súranys tómendep kele­tinin aitady Qaliyev. Onyng sózine qaraghanda, «búryn jylyna óndiriletin araq ónimining kólemi - 95-100 mln litr bolsa, qazir 65-70 mln litr. Bәri súra­nysqa baylanysty. Súranys azayghan». Oghan qosa, sarapshynyng aituynsha, qazir jastar arasynda da araq ishu azayghan. Salauatty ómir sýru salty ishimdik ryno­gyna óz әserin tiygizgen. Ol kele­shekte búl tendensiya nyghaya týsetindigin, yaghny gradusy joghary, kýshti ishimdikterdi túty­nu azaya beretindigin, onyng ornyna jenil ishimdikterge súranys ósetindigin boljay­dy. Al otandyq óndirushilerding dәl qazirgidey jaghdayda osynday súra­nysty qanaghattandyruy - neghaybil, yaghny búl rynoktaghy bolashaghy da - bú­lynghyr.

Taqyrypqa oray:
Adam ólimine әkelgen qayghyly oqighalardan keyin Chehiya men Polishadan keletin ishimdik ónimderi ainalymyn qadaghalau kýsheytildi dep habarlaydy Qazaqstan densaulyq saqtau ministrligi baspasóz qyzmeti. 
Polishanyng Kelise qalasy shekarashylary Chehiyadan kelgen kýdikti 194 ishimdik bótelkelerin tapqan. Jaramsyz ishimdikting saldarynan Chehiyada 22 adam qaytys bolyp, 30 adam auruhanagha týsken. Polishada osynday negizde eki adamnyng ólimi tirkelgen. Qazaqstan importtaytyn ishimdikter qatarynda Polisha men Chehiyadan әkelinetin ónimder de bar.

Ayjan KÓShKENOVA 

"Ayqyn" gazeti