Beysenbi, 25 Sәuir 2024
Janalyqtar 3214 0 pikir 27 Aqpan, 2012 saghat 04:36

Bolat Tólepbergenov. Reseydegi preziydent saylauynyng Qazaqstangha әseri bar ma?

Búl súraqqa jauap beru ýshin Resey siyaqty alyp kórshimizding býgingi hal-jayy men ishki, syrtqy sayasatyn shynayy baghamdap, bilip alghanymyz dúrys.

Orys halqy alghashqylardyng qatarynda atom bombasyn jasaghan, birinshi bolyp kosmosqa adam úshyrghan degenimizben býgingi kýni jana tehnologiya, ekonomika, ruhany damu jaghynan aldynghy qatarly elderden qalyp qoydy. Sondyqtan da býgingi RF  damyghan elderding qatarynda emes, damushy elderding qatarynda túr.

Oghan tikeley sebep - Reseyding ótkeni men býgingi tarihyndaghy orystyq-derjavashyldyq kózqarasy. Resey Kenes Odaghy taraghannan keyin de eki tandaudyng ortasynda túrdy. Birinshisi, imperiyalyq әreket pen orystyq astam pighyldan  bas tartyp, búrynghy qol astyndaghy eldermen, Europamen sanasu. Ekinshisi, orystyq órkókirektikti әri jalghastyru. Ókinishke oray, Resey ekinshi joldy tandady. Ol niyetin jasyru ýshin biylik basyndaghylar men iydeologtary ýshinshi jol - "reseylik jol" degendi oilap tapty. Ol degen - orys minez-qúlqynyn, mәdeniyetining Europagha da, Aziyagha da kelmeytindigi. Oghan ózderi sendi, qazir basqalardy da sendiru maqsatynda júmys isteude.

Búl eski derjavashyl kózqaras Reseydegi janashyl kózqarastardy tejeude. Mәselen, janashyldyqtyng basty qozghaushy kýshi - demokratiya bolatyn bolsa, Resey onyng keng etek aluynan qorqady.

Búl súraqqa jauap beru ýshin Resey siyaqty alyp kórshimizding býgingi hal-jayy men ishki, syrtqy sayasatyn shynayy baghamdap, bilip alghanymyz dúrys.

Orys halqy alghashqylardyng qatarynda atom bombasyn jasaghan, birinshi bolyp kosmosqa adam úshyrghan degenimizben býgingi kýni jana tehnologiya, ekonomika, ruhany damu jaghynan aldynghy qatarly elderden qalyp qoydy. Sondyqtan da býgingi RF  damyghan elderding qatarynda emes, damushy elderding qatarynda túr.

Oghan tikeley sebep - Reseyding ótkeni men býgingi tarihyndaghy orystyq-derjavashyldyq kózqarasy. Resey Kenes Odaghy taraghannan keyin de eki tandaudyng ortasynda túrdy. Birinshisi, imperiyalyq әreket pen orystyq astam pighyldan  bas tartyp, búrynghy qol astyndaghy eldermen, Europamen sanasu. Ekinshisi, orystyq órkókirektikti әri jalghastyru. Ókinishke oray, Resey ekinshi joldy tandady. Ol niyetin jasyru ýshin biylik basyndaghylar men iydeologtary ýshinshi jol - "reseylik jol" degendi oilap tapty. Ol degen - orys minez-qúlqynyn, mәdeniyetining Europagha da, Aziyagha da kelmeytindigi. Oghan ózderi sendi, qazir basqalardy da sendiru maqsatynda júmys isteude.

Búl eski derjavashyl kózqaras Reseydegi janashyl kózqarastardy tejeude. Mәselen, janashyldyqtyng basty qozghaushy kýshi - demokratiya bolatyn bolsa, Resey onyng keng etek aluynan qorqady.

Al, demokratiya qoghamnyng barlyq salasyna auaday qajet. Búl jerdegi demokratiya úghymy óz maghynasynda aitylyp otyr. Qazir búl úghymdy jete týsinbeytinder aram oily memleket basshylary men jeke sayasatshylardyng sasyq pighylymen shatastyratyn boldy.

Reseyge sayasy demokratiya únamaydy. Al, demokratiya bólshekteuge kónbeytin tútas qúbylys. Ol qarapayym tilmen aitqanda: adamnyng jan-sarayynyng tolyq ashyluy, ol degen - shabyttyng oyanuy, sonday-aq, ainalasyna degen kózqaras pen oidyng býkpesiz ashyq aityluy.

Resey biyligi qol astyndaghy orys emes últtar ekonomikany, tehnologiyany jasap qana qoymay, tәuelsizdikti de talap etedi dep qorqady. Osyghan baylanysty, Resey Federasiyasynda qanday bolmasyn janartular (reformalar) jarym-jartylay jýredi. Jartylay jasalghan kez kelgen dýnie ornyqsyz nemese әseri әlsiz bolatyny belgili.

Resey osynday shala demokratiyasy men derjavalyq kózqarasy arqyly ishki, syrtqy sayasatyn jýrgizip keledi. Búl mәselede demokratiyalyq әdis-tәsilden góri, ynghayyna jyldam keletin patshalyq Resey men Kenes Odaghynan qalghan derjavashyl әdetine jii jýginedi. Basqa halyqtargha óz tilin kýshpen tyqpalauy da - sodan. Basqa elderdegi óz qandastaryn qol shoqpar retinde qoldanuy da - osydan. Sol ýshin olargha iydeologiyalyq-ruhani, materialdyq-qarjylyq kómek berip, tabighatyna jaqyn avtoritarlyq ýkimetterdi qoldauynyng bәri - eski әdetteri. Resey asa zor yadrolyq el bolghandyqtan, amal joq, onyng qoqan-loqysyn eskermese taghy bolmaydy. Onyng ýstine onysyn Jirinovskiy siyaqtylardyng auzymen Dumanyng minbesinen dýniyejýzine ashyq aitady.

Degenmen, songhy kezde Resey halqynyng biraz bóligi biylikten basqasha oilay bastaghany ras. Oppozisiya ókilderining sonynan ergen halyqtyng qarasynyng kóbengi osynyng aighaghy. Biraq, búl kýshter tayau uaqytta Reseydi týbegeyli ózgertuge jetkilikti me? Onday minez býgin orys halqy men intelliygensiyasynyng janashyl bóliginde bar ma?

Resey federasiya bolghandyqtan onyng qúramynda ózining ata-babasynyng mirasqa tastap ketken bayyrghy jerinde túryp jatqan últtar kóp. Olar qazir ashyq demokratiyany kýtude. Biraq olardyng Mәskeuge jaghympaz basshylary Putindi qoldaydy. Sondyqtan, últ mәselesi qozghalghansha, Resey taghdyrynda alghashqy kezde olardyng sheshushi róli anyqtalmaydy. Alghashqy ózgeristi bastaytyn Reseyding iri qalalaryndaghy kózi ashyq jastar men qalay bolghanda da oiyndaghysyn býkpesiz aitqysy keletin, ashyq qoghamdy ansaytyn halyqtyng bir bóligi.

Orystyng janashyl pikir tughyzatyn demokratiyashyl intelliygensiyasy ýlken negizgi eki topqa bólinedi: ong ózgeristerdi jyldam sheshkisi keletinder jәne tabighy jolmen sheshkisi keletinder bolyp. Jyldam sheshkisi keletinder - biylikti qaytkende ózgertu kerek deushiler. Tabighy jolmen sheshkisi keletinder - jana zamangha ýirenuding ózi belgili bir dәrejede bolatyn qaqtyghys pen shyghyndy (adam, ekonomikalyq, ruhani) qajet etetinin týsinip, barlyghynyng eseppen, shyghynsyz bolghanyn qalaytyndar. Onyng ýstine qarapayym halyq dәl býgin ózgeristi bastaytyn shynayy kósem izdeude. Óitkeni orys halqy (búryn da, qazir de) kósemsiz qozghalmaydy. Qazan tónkerisin kósem (liyder) jasaghan. Ol - (әzirshe) joq.

Endi derjavashyldardyng kýsh-quaty qanshalyqty degenge keleyik.

Búl jaytty anyqtau ýshin Resey halqynyng basym bóligi bolyp tabylatyn derjavashyldardyng býgingi kónil-kýii men ótken tәrbiyesin qatar qarau kerek.

Reseyding ótken tarihyna kóz salsaq, orys sanasy 1861 jyly ghana qúldyqtan (krepostnoylyq pravodan) bosady. Odan es jiya bergende bolishevikter ayausyz janyshtady. Kenes Odaghy Bas sekretarlary qúrghaq qiyaly (utopiyalyq) nasihattarymen milaryn su qyldy. Kenestik dәuirden keyingi jiyrma jyldyq uaqyt ta orys sanasyn әri-sәri qyldy. Reseyding búl kezeni - birinshi dýniyejýzilik soghysta jenilip, qorlanghan Germaniyanyng kýiine teng edi. Úly imperiyadan airyldy, úlyorystyq keudeleri jer boldy. Sondyqtan olar býgingi kýiine renishti.

Derjavashyldar naghyz últshyldar men "orys jolyn" ústanghandar bolyp ishinen bólinedi. Olardyng birinshisi - Kenes Odaghyn qayta qúrghysy keletinder. Ekinshileri - derjavashyldyq pighyldary men jeke bastarynyng mýddesin qatar qoyatyndar. Óitkeni, olar sosialistik tengermeshildik zamany joghalghannan beri belgili bir dәrejede materialdyq qúndylyqtargha ie bolghandar. Olargha jinaghan dýniyesin qyzyqtaugha mýmkindik beretin ózderine tanys derjavashyl, avtoritarlyq, tynysh, eski jýie ontayly. Putin osyny qapysyz bilgendikten búlardy ózining ainalasyna tartuda.

Putinning saylauda jenuin qamtamasyz etetin de osy - orystyq derjavashyldyq. Ol iydeya orys halqyna, orys intelliygensiyasyna Putin tarapynan týrli tәsildermen jetkizilude. Mәselen, AQSh-pen teketires. Ol ýshin, әriyne, úly derjava kerek. Derjava bolu ýshin Kenes Odaghy siyaqty sayasi-ekonomikalyq úiym qajet. Onyng alghashqy qadamdary jasalyp ta jatyr (Qazaqstan, Resey, Belorussiya,). Múnyng bәri derjavashyldargha únaydy. Ilgeride Kenes Odaghy qúlauyna orys halqy ókpeleuli degendi tegin aitpaghan edik. Býgingi Reseydegi halyqtyng teng jartysy sol Odaqtyng kezinde ómir sýrgender. Dýnie jýzindegi eng bilimdi nemis halqynyng ózi últshyldyq tegeuirine shyday almaghan. Oppozisiyanyng jyghylatyn jeri de - osy. Onyng ýstine oppozisiya әlemdik qúndylyq - demokratiyany qoldaydy. Al demokratiyada últshyldyqqa oryn joq. Onyng ýstine saylauda әkimshilik kýshter de (administrativnyy resurs)  óz rólin oinaydy. Sondyqtan Putinning jenisine kýmәn keltiruge bolmaydy. Biraq, búnymen Reseyde janashyl ýderis (prosess) toqtaydy degen sóz emes. Ol jana qarqynmen kórinedi.

Oghan sebep bolatyn halyq pen oppozisiyanyng kýtkeni, tipti, Putinning ózining jaqtastarynyng qalauynyng bolmauy. Derjavashyldardyng kýtkeni batyl últshyldyq qadamdar, biraq, Resey oghan bara almaydy. Siriyagha baylanysty t.b. ústanymdary dýniyejýzindegi sayasy bedeline núqsan keltiredi. Onyng ýstine ýdep kele jatqan ishki demokratiyalyq talaptargha óz dengeyinde jauap bere almau - Putinning bedelin odan sayyn shayqay týsedi.

Degenmen Putin eki jaqtyng kýshti jәne әlsiz jaghyn eskere otyryp, Reseyde biraz ózgerister jasaghan bolady. Mysaly: parlamentte deklarativti týrde biraz nәrse aitylyp (sheneunikterden artyqshylyqtar men migalkany alu degen siyaqty manyzy tómen sharualar sheshiledi), әleumettik zandar qabyldanady. Biraq is jýzinde oryndalmaydy. Sebebi, onyng halyqqa bergen uәdelerine Reseyding shiykizattan ghana týsken qarjysy jetpeydi. Jarym-jartylay demokratiya ekonomikanyng qaryshtap damuyn tejeydi. Gubernatorlar saylauy siyaqty manyzdy sharualar barynsha kesheuildetiledi. Óitkeni, parlamentte ózgeristerdi týbine deyin aparatyn shynayy oppozisiyalyq partiya joq. Kommunisterding ózi shynayy qarsylyqty saylau kezinde ghana kórsetedi.

Al, endi Reseyde aldaghy nauryz aiynyng 4-i kýni ótetin preziydent saylauynyn  Qazaqstangha әser-yqpaly bar ma degen saualgha keleyik. Bizdinshe әseri bar jәne bolmay qalmaydy.

Eng aldymen eki el basshylarynyng bir-birin qabaqtarymen týsinisui. Oppozisiya men qazaq intelliygensiyasynyng orysty ýlgi qyluy әli búrynghysynsha ekendigi. Eki elde de birdey avtoritarlyq jýiening boluy. Birdey iydeologiyanyn jýrgizilui. Onyng dәleli - Qazaqstannyng syrtqy, ishki dýniyetanymynyng toqsan payyzy orys tili, orys kózqarasy arqyly nasihattalynuy. Tәuelsiz telearnalar men habarlardyng joqtyghy. Halyqtyng basym kópshiligining anyq aqparat almauynan azamattyq erkin kózqarastardyng bolmauy. Ishki qaynauyn basyp otyratyn, ony syrtqa shygharatyn órkeniyetti әdis-tәsilderding qarastyrylmauy. Jalpy biz barlyq jaghydayda Reseydi qaytalaumen kelemiz. Men ol jóninde ótken maqalalarymda ("IYistengen intelliygensiya", "Til mәselesi jәne sauda" abai.kz sayty) ejiktey aitqanmyn. Sondyqtan orys sayasaty men kózqarasy bolashaqta qay baghytta jyljidy, biz de solay jyljimyz. Mýmkin, shamaly merzimge keyindeu bolar, biraq orystyng izin basa jýretinimiz anyq.

«Abay-aqparat»

0 pikir