Beysenbi, 28 Nauryz 2024
Qogham 8110 0 pikir 24 Qarasha, 2015 saghat 07:18

GROZNYY MEN KÓREGEN OLEG "ISLAM DINI" ÝShIN KÝRESKEN


Belgili foliklorshy Ismail Munaev «Nahchiyn foliklor» atty kitaptyng altynshy tomyn qúrastyryp jaryqqa shyghardy. Ony týsiniktirek boluy ýshin folik sózin alyp tastap «Nohchiin halqynyng lary» dese de bolar edi. Eger oqyrman osy sózderge terenirek mәn berse chechender qay halyqtyng sózinen de óz tiline úqsas әiteuir bir nәrseni tabatynyna kózi jeter edi.

Mәskeudi lyahtardan (polyaktardan) azat etushi Minin men Pojarskiyding Qyzyl alandaghy eskertkishin bәrimiz de bilemiz. Biraq búl jenisting úiymdastyrushysy hәm shabyttandyrushysy chechen knyazi Cherkasskiy ekenin ekining biri bile bermeydi. Búl sózimizge kýmәndanghan pende bolsa, ol M.N.Zagoskinning 1829 jyly shyqqan «ngriy Mstislavskiy ily russkie v 1612 godu» degen tarihy romanyna nazar audarsa da jetip jatyr. Onda: «yriy Dmitrich, batyl sóilegeysin! Men  bizding tynyshtyghymyzgha eng әueli Dmitriy Mamstrukovich Cherkasskiy knyazi, sosyn Grigoriy Obrazsov qarsy bolatynyn aitpay-aq bilemin. Búl ekeuining birinshisi sheshen knyazi Mamstrukting úly bolghandyqtan әri sheshender siyaqty keskilesuge dayar túratyndyqtan sóitedi. Al ekinshisi tuabitti niyjegorodtyq bolghandyqtan polyaktardy it etinen jek kóredi...» dep jazylghan. «Men bizdi ózimiz qalap alghan knyazi Dmitriy Mihaylovich Pojarskiy Mәskeuge bastap baratyn bolsyn degenmin» deydi Cherkaskiy. «Biz getmangha naghyz jauapty sonda qaytaramyz! Biz mәskeulik alqapqa ólikterdi tósek qyp tastaghanda ol niyjegorodtyqtargha ne kerek ekenin sonda ghana biletin bolady. Sóitip sen Yuriy Dmitrich, aitshy jalghyz lyah nemese jalghyz  satqyn óltirilgenge sheyin olardyng  ymyrasyz dúshpany bolatynyndy ashyq jariyalaysyng ba, joq pa? Qangha – qan! Jangha – jan!».

«Cherkaskiy knyaziding osy sózderimen shabyttanghan orys jasaqtary men qosyndary Minin men Pojarskiyding basqaruymen jaugha attanyp, Mәskeudi azat etedi. Olar pravoslaviyelik Rusiti polyaktardyng ezgisinen qútqaryp qaldy?!» deydi avtor.

IYә, býginde Qyzyl alandaghy Minin men Pojarskiyding janynda chechen Cherkaskiy knyaziding joqtyghyna tanghalugha da bolmaydy. Keshegi Otan soghysy kezinde erligimen kózge týsip Kenes Odaghynyng batyry ataghyna úsynylghan chechenderding qújattary ne kýige týskenin de jaqsy bilemiz. Tipti, reyhstagtyng shatyryna tu tikken chechen Abdulhakim Ismailovqa onyng ózi jasaghan erligi turaly da, últy kim ekenin  aitugha da rota komandiyri tiym salghan. Sóitip, tek Egorov pen Kantariya ghana erlik danqqa bólendi.

Orystyng «aptada bes júma bar» degen mәtelin talayymyz estigen bolarmyz. Al onyng shyn maghynasy ne ekenin oilap kórdik pe? Búl bir aptada jeti kýn demalys bar, yaghny jeti kýn sandalyp bos jýremiz degen sóz. Sóitsek, pravoslaviyelik Rusite de júmany demalys kýni dep ataghan eken. Resmy tarih boyynsha Rusi hristian dinin qabyldap shoqynghangha sheyin yazychestvoda bolghan yaghni, otqa, sugha, pútqa tabynghan. Yaghni, jay nanym, senimmen ómir sýrgen. Sóitip, tek H-shy ghasyrdyng sonynda ghana Vladimir knyazi eldi bir dinge engizuge kirisedi (988 j.). Ol iudaizmdi qabyldayyn dese Izraili halqy Jaratushynyng qaharyna úshyraghan dep esepteledi. Islam dini salauattylyqty talap etetindikten ishimdiksiz ómirdi ómir qúrly kórmeytin orystargha ol tura kelmeydi. Sondyqtan pravoslavie orystargha layyq dep tabylady. Alayda, endi bir boljamdar men anyzdargha sensek, ony jasaghan Ivan Groznyy eken deytinder de bar. Sol Ivan Groznyidyn  kýni býginge sheyin Stokgolimdegi múrajayda saqtauly dulyghasy ghalymdar jazghan Resey tarihynyng shәt-shәlekeyin shyghardy. Búl jerde mәsele sol dulyghadaghy arabsha jazuda bolyp otyr. Ony Iran Islam respublikasynyng osy múrajayda bolghan konsuly Seyit Gholamrez Meyghuny tәrjimalap, búl kóne әri óte siyrek dialektide jazylghan dep maghlúmdady. Ony tәrjimalaghanda «Allah úlyq! Múhammed onyng payghambary» bop shyghady eken. Osyny estip, bilgen Andrey Rachev jeke ózi zertteu jýrgizip («Rusiting aspanynda jarqyraydy jarty Ay»  (Nww.stihi.ru 2010.02), Reseyde 13-14 ghasyrlargha sheyin qasiyetti Islam dini uaghyzdalyp kelgenin anyqtady. Tipti, keybir jerlerde ol 15-shi ghasyrgha sheyin uaghyzdalyp, saltanat qúryp kelgeni aitylady. Búl dulygha Ivan Groznyidiki ekenin onyng tómengi túsynda taza slavyan tilinde jazylghan «Shelom (shlem.-M.K) knyazya Ivana Vasilievicha, Velikogo Knyazya syna Vasiliya Ivanovicha, gospodarya Vseya Rusy samoderjsa» degen jazu da naqtylay týsedi. Búl búl ma, kóne Rusitegi knyazidar men patshalardyng arabsha jazulary bar bas kiyimder tek Ivan Groznyida ghana emes, oghan deyingi úly knyaziderding de basqalardyng da bәrinde de bolghan eken. Jәne búl dulyghalardy ataqty ústa Nikita Davydov siyaqty orystyng tól sheberleri jasaghan. Al Aleksandr Nevskiy knyaziding dulyghasynda arab әripterimen jazylghan Qúrannyn  «Shynayy Qúday jolyn ústanghandargha Allahtyng shapaghaty tiyetinin jәne kóp úzamay jeniske jetetinin aityp quant» degen sýre sózderi bolghan. Qadirli oqyrman búnyng bәrine taghy da dәiek izdep әurege týspeui ýshin Rachevting maqalasynan ýzindi keltireyik: «Aytpaqshy, arab әrpimen jazylghan Qúran sýreleri Resey knyazidarymen ózge de aituly túlghalarynyng dulyghalarynda ghana emes, sonymen qatar olardyng qylyshtary men qalqandarynda da, sauyttary men tipti ydys-ayaq, qúral-saymandarynda da órnektelgen edi. Al Radzivillov jylnamasynda Kóregen Olegtin, yaghni, resmy tarihta  eki mәrte ózining astyndaghy túlparynan qaza tapqan, eki beyitke jerlengen Olegting sarbazdary úrysqa músylmannyng jasyl jalauyn kóterip kiretin bolghan. Al Olegting ózining qalqanynda «Ad-din ul Islam!», yaghni, «Kiyeli islam dini ýshin!» degen arab qarpimen jazylghan jazu túrghan. IYә, Oleg kóripkel shayqasta jeniske jetip, Sarigradtyng darbazasyna óz qolymen qaghyp qoyghan qalqanyndaghy jazu osy! Dәl osynday kórkem de qasiyetti jazu Askolid jәne Dira knyaziderding qalqandarynda da jazylghan. Ol qalqandar Stokgolimdegi koroli múrajayynda kýni býginge sheyin saqtauly túr. Alayda, búnyng bәri bylaysha aitqanda janama dәiekter ghoy deytinder de tabyluy mýmkin. Endeshe, búlardan basqa tura da naqty derekter bar ma? Bar! Ol ýshin sol zamandardyng tarihy jazbalaryn zerdelep kórsek te jetkilikti bolar edi. IYә, aitarlyqtay dәlme-dәldikti ústanatyn arab tarihshylaryna bir sәt nazar salayyqshy. Mәselen, arab tarihshysy Múhammed әl-Iafy әl Saliyh: «Hijranyng 300-shi jyly bolgarlardyn, slavyandar men russtardyng jabayy taypalary músylmandyqty qabyldady. Biraq olar Allah jolynan tayyp keyin hristian boldy», – dep jazghan. Al parsy tarihshysy Zard Fahristany Kiyev Rusine kelgende olardy donyz etin jeytin, oraza tútpaytyn óte jaman músylmandar eken dep qapalanady. Erte ortaghasyrlardaghy Rusite de islamnyng kóptegen aighaqtaryn kezdestiruge bolady, ol kezdegi shirkeuler qúrlysy, kýmbezi meshittermen egiz qozyday úqsas boldy. Al kóne pravoslaviyelik әdet-ghúryptardyng yrymdary men tyiymdary músylmandyqqa óte úqsas edi. Mysaly, ejelgi rusite júma demalys kýni bolyp belgilengen.

Rusiting músylmandyqtan pravoslaviyege ótui 15-16 ghasyrlargha sheyin sozyldy. Biz býgin kóne Reseydin, orys halqynyng islam dinine tikeley baylanysty tústarynan azdaghan ghana mysal keltirdik. Búghan sheyin Mәskeu knyazi Vasiliyding Altyn Orda hanynyng mәrmәr taqtadaghy tabanynyng tanbasyna tәu etip, ózi knyazi atanu ýshin ant berip jatqan suretin, getman Bogdan Hmeliniskiyding namaz oqyp otyrghan suretin baspasózde jariyalaghanbyz. Sol siyaqty, A. Pushkinnin, IY.Buninning qasiyetti Islam dinine, Qúrangha, oramal tartatyn músylman әielderine arnap jazghan maqtau ólenderin qazaqshagha tәrjimalap ta bergenbiz.

Al L.Tolstoy, A.Blok, A.Kuprinder islam dini turaly onyng aqiqatshyldyghyna, әdiletshildigine, asa joghary adamgershilik pen mәdeniyettiligine tanday qaghyp tamsana jazghan. Tipti, solardyng birazy músylmandyqty qabyldaghan kórinedi. Átten, әli de bolsa imperialistik, shovinistik pighyldan arylmay, әli de biz «úly orys halqymyz» dep keudesin sabalaytyn tarihshylar men ghalymdar múnyng bәrin júrtshylyqtan jasyryp ústap, bildirmeuge tyrysady. Sondyqtan múnday zor tarihy manyzy bar dýniyelerdi tek әleumettik jelilerden ghana alyp jýrmiz. Búlardy jariyalaghandaghy bizding maqsatymyz býgingi orys últynyng ókilderine sender búryn músylman bolghansyndar, qane sol ata dinderine qaytyp oralyndar deu emes. Bizding oiymyz tek kim-kim de óz últynyng arghy-bergi tarihyn bilui kerek degenge ghana kep tireledi.

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